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Tag: "reactive" at biology news

Particle size matters to bacteria ability to immobilize heavy metals

...face area, they provide bacteria a large amount of reactive sites," said Bose. "These particles are reduced by biological and non-biological methods. Different metals, including toxic heavy meals, are adsorbed onto these nanoparticles. When the iron oxides precipitate, they absorb the metals. When they dissol...

UCLA researchers unravel a mystery about DNA

...nd of the gene within itself and past the enzyme's reactive center to form the RNA product. These changes are inconsistent with other theories that had suggested that RNAP moves along the DNA strand as a complete block in a process resembling the movement of an inchworm. The research team is comprised o...

Antioxidant protects against lung damage in silicosis

...ase-1 (HO-1), an antioxidant that protects against reactive oxygen species (damaging oxygen molecules that cau...ants. Crystalline silica induces the production of reactive oxygen species, which can cause scar tissue to develop in the lungs. About 1 million workers ar...

What animals can tell us about hemorrhage, organ transplants and aging

...age caused to cells by rogue oxygen atoms known as reactive oxygen species -- shortens lifespan. Animals that could best prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, neutralize them, or repair the damage it causes, would live the lon...

Free radical cell death switch identified

...process, which results in the generation of highly reactive oxygen molecules that inflict cellular damage by reacting with biomolecules including DNA, proteins, and lipids. A lifetime of oxidative stress leads to general cellular deterioration associated with aging and degenerative diseases. How the oxidativ...

NYU researchers decorate virus particles, showing potential to enhance MRI capabilities

... because they contain a large number of chemically reactive groups organized in a very precise array. Other researchers have recently sought to enhance MRI capabilities through the use of similar large molecular assemblies by increasing the size, and therefore signal, of MRI contrast agents. They have also tr...

UCI scientists find chlorine may contribute to ozone formation

...h hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. OH is a highly reactive molecule made of oxygen and hydrogen that forms ph...circulation and trap pollutants. Ozone is a highly reactive and unstable gas that damages living cells. Even low levels of ozone can harm the upper respiratory ...

Many cleaners, air fresheners may pose health risks when used indoors

...ed indoors ?in particular, products that contain a reactive group of chemicals called terpenes. Ethylene-based glycol ethers are common, water-soluble solvents used in a variety of cleaning agents, latex paints and other products. They are classified as hazardous air pollutants under the U.S. Environmental P...

In-home sensors spot dementia signs in elderly

... by ORCATECH are "a critical precursor of changing reactive health care to proactive care for individuals." A more proactive health care approach may be essential to managing the rising cost of health care for aging baby boomers. And "being able to stay at home and maintain independence represents a signif...

Oxidation defense in mosquitoes benefits malaria parasite

...iological condition, stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species, which can damage cells," said Li. ... accumulation of 3-HK by converting the chemically reactive 3-HK to the chemically stable XA via transaminase-mediated reactions," said Li. The protein descri...

Biomarkers may hone anti-aging therapies

...ration includes, as a byproduct, the production of reactive oxygen species, which can damage the DNA present in mitochondria, Sligh said. Some theories of cellular aging -- why and how cells age -- center on mitochondria and decreased energetic capacity resulting from mitochondrial DNA mutations, Sligh expla...

Hopkins researchers discover genetic switch that turns off an oxygen-poor cell's combustion engine

... ATP during hypoxia. These toxic molecules, called reactive oxygen species (ROS), damage molecules in the cell... itself during hypoxia, the mitochondrion produces reactive oxygen species that threaten the life of the cell. "But our discovery clearly shows that hypoxia d...

Berkeley researchers lay groundwork for cell version of DNA chip

...ls, which are naturally non-adherent. Without the reactive phosphines, there was no detectable attachment of DNA to cell surfaces above background levels. Once it was established that cell surfaces could be coated with single-stranded DNA, Chandra worked with Douglas to demonstrate that this adhesion system...

For the first time: Longevity modulated without disrupting life-sustaining function

... into toxic clumps and marauding parasites. Highly reactive molecules known as free radicals also unleash DAF-16. If the worms are having a good day in a favorable environment, but for some reason DAF-2 signaling gets turned off precociously, the worms reap the benefit of increased stress resistance and dou...

'Genetic network' guards against lethal DNA damage

...ry for reducing the intracellular levels of highly reactive molecules that bind to and damage DNA. The yeast has about 6,000 genes, of which about 1,000 are essential to survival and 5,000 are not, Boeke said. Specifically, 1,000 of the 5,000 non-essential genes are important enough so that the yeast grows s...

New compound protects against liver cancer

...ers. "When cells become inflamed, they can produce reactive molecules, called free radicals, that can damage DNA and promote cancer development," explained Kensler. "CDDO-Im can also inhibit cancer formation by interfering with this inflammatory process." Because it can stimulate the body's defense mechanism...

Light activated anticancer drug targeted to DNA using cisplatin like sub-units

...metal Ru-Pt complexes: Coupling light absorbers to reactive metal centers" (INOR 105) at 3:30 p.m., Sunday, March 26, at the Georgia World Congress Center room B408. Co-authors are Matthew T. Mongelli, postdoctoral associate in chemistry at Virginia Tech, and Brewer. ...

New drug could reduce tissue damage after heart attack

... a new drug that inhibits the adverse effects of C reactive protein (CRP), a protein that contributes to tissue damage in heart attacks and strokes. The findings, published in the journal Nature, suggest that targeting CRP may produce both immediate and long-term clinical benefits following a heart attack. ...

A biosensor layered like lasagna

...ntists have used electrostatic attraction to layer reactive biological molecules lasagna-like around spaghetti-like carbon nanotubes. This configuration can accommodate a wide range of applications, from ultra-precise blood-sugar monitoring to infectious-agent detection, said Yuehe Lin, who led the research...

UCR environmental scientists propose chemical solution to cleaning California's Salton Sea

...mer acts as a coagulant aid by chemically bridging reactive groups and increasing floc size. ...

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