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Tag: "reactive" at biology news

Progress toward an antitumor vaccine

...cause the protein portion of the molecule has many reactive groups that are attacked in the coupling reaction. “In addition,” says Kunz, “many of the structures that make suitable anchors are themselves highly immunogenic, which can suppress the immune response against the true target, the glycoprotein.” T...

Researchers identify protein pathway involved in Parkinson disease development

... Oxidative stress is the damage caused to cells by reactive oxygen produced during oxygen metabolism. Although cells have mechanisms in place to protect against oxidative damage, this system can break down in the face of environmental challenges or genetic mutations. The Emory researchers found that ...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...ects use an enzyme called phenoloxidase to produce reactive molecules that kill bacteria and then encapsulate them in a dense coat of black pigment called melanin. The researchers found that Photorhabdus produces a special phenoloxidase inhibitor to protect itself against this particular defence. They i...

Traumas like Sept. 11 make brains more reactive to fear

...ppled on Sept. 11, 2001, have brains that are more reactive to emotional stimuli than those who were more than 200 miles away. That is the finding of a new Cornell study that excluded people who did not have such mental disorders as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depression. One of the first ...

No magic tomato? Study breaks link between lycopene and prostate cancer prevention

...Antioxidants protect against free radicals, highly reactive atoms and molecules that can damage DNA and other important molecules in the cell. Since free radical damage increases with age, there has been a long-held suspicion in the scientific community that free radical damage could increase the risk of pros...

Glucose triggers brain cell death in rats after hypoglycemic coma

...ve stress occurs when cells are poisoned by highly reactive forms of oxygen. Previously, it had been assumed that oxidative stress in neurons was initiated primarily by mitochondria, which process oxygen for energy within cells. The paper appears in the April 2007 issue of the Journal of Clinical Investig...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

...mpounds, Shukle said. These compounds, also called reactive oxygen species, can be produced either by the plant or within the Hessian fly larval digestive system. These poisons then disrupt the insects' gut function. "The larvae probe the plant to open a sustained feeding site," said Jonathan Neal, a ...

New player in commitment to life as a fat cell

...olism of purines into uric acid, the production of reactive oxygen species, and its involvement in gout. It has never been looked at in the context of fat development before." The findings further suggest that adipose-tissue XOR may be a contributing factor to other symptoms commonly seen in obese individu...

LIAI completes world's most comprehensive analysis on influenza virus data

...nable the successful development of a highly cross reactive influenza vaccine that would protect against many viruses. And, in fact, the study found only one epitope that has been published, which appears to be an ideal candidate for creating a multi-strain influenza vaccine. Regarding gaps in knowledge of...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

...rea-to-mass ratio that can make the particles very reactive or catalytic. Being so small, they may also be able to pass through cell walls in organisms, and their reactions inside the body are relatively unknown. "These tiny new substances are the tip of a huge chemical iceberg," says Hayes, Manager of th...

Molecular differences between early and advanced melanomas could provide new drug targets

...Akt overexpression was the increased production of reactive oxygen (ROS). Reactive oxygen is created during ce...wth melanoma cells into highly invasive tumors via reactive oxygen pathways," says Dr. Arbiser. "This could provide us with promising targets for anti-cancer d...

Scientists find new genes for Crohn's disease

...NCF4 gene indicates that the production of altered reactive oxygen species, which are important in the generation of a protective response against microbes, may lead to an increased risk of developing the condition. Particularly interesting to the authors was the association between Crohn's and variations ...

Triplex assay used to assay duplex genomic DNA

...get, which renders the duplex nucleic acid readily reactive to oligo ssDNA probes. Any sequence present in the duplex may be specifically assayed. It is surmised that specific third strand binding creates additional grooves into which additional YOYO-1 molecules intercalate. "We have decided not to focus o...

A steady, high-fat diet is bad, but the news gets worse

...hat even a single, high-fat meal can make you more reactive to stress, it’s cause for concern because it suggests a new and damaging way that a high-fat diet affects cardiovascular function." In the study, 30 healthy young adults fasted the night before, then consumed either a high- or low-fat breakfas...

Scripps Research study reveals new activation mechanism for pain sensing channel

...helps transmit pain signals, is a direct sensor of reactive chemicals. "While many noxious and pungent compou...ense cysteine modifications. In fact, any cysteine reactive agent seems to activate TRPA1, although we don't know exactly how cysteine binding translates into i...

Non-GMO solution to seafood allergies

...and irradiation significantly reduced the level of reactive proteins called allergens. They took blood from pa...irradiation damages the proteins, revealing hidden reactive amino acid residues. Subsequent heating then destroys the exposed residues. "Radiation and heat seem...

New UD technology removes viruses from drinking water

...nd the College of Engineering, incorporates highly reactive iron in the filtering process to deliver a chemical "knock-out punch" to a host of notorious pathogens, from E. coli to rotavirus. The new technology could dramatically improve the safety of drinking water around the globe, particularly in develop...

Scientists discover way to block growth of prostate cancer cells

...ogen, increases levels of harmful chemicals called reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the prostate gland that pl...has demonstrated that androgen treatment increased reactive oxygen species levels in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells, but, until now, the pathway invol...

SARS: No evidence that any of the treatments worked

...ploits a new finding in a mouse model that lack of reactive oxygen species makes arthritis worse rather than, as had been expected, better in a mouse model with arthritis. Reactive oxygen species are thought to be important in defense against pathogens. The researcher tested phytol, which increased oxidative ...

Engineer ramps up protein production, develops versatile viral spheres

...or the first time, but also have attached uniquely reactive amino acids to the capsid surfaces. Theamino acids allow the capsids to either stick to and carry specific proteins orstick to other capsids, allowing their assembly en masse. The tiny spheres could therefore transport targeted vaccines or medicine...

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