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Tag: "reaction" at biology news

Uniform tungsten trimers stand and deliver

... models reveal to chemists the exact structure and reaction mechanisms of metal oxides. Developed by researchers from the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the University of Texas-Austin and Washington State University, the discovery may offer a platform for fundamental reactivity...

Mass vaccination unnecessary in the event of a large bioterrorist US smallpox attack

...ccination. One person in 10,000 will have a severe reaction and one in a million will die from the vaccine, Longini said. "Precautionary vaccination of hospital personnel and post-release vaccination of the target population would further contain the spread of smallpox, but at a cost of many more people bei...

Resistance and genetic sensitivity to sleeping sickness

...n. This diversity in host clinical presentation in reaction to infection can have several sources: the host's ability to respond to infection, the degree of parasite virulence or pathogenicity and the environment. An IRD team focused particularly on the role of host genetic diversity in response to T. b. g...

Silver bullet: UGA researchers use laser, nanotechnology to rapidly detect viruses

...be confirmed with a test known as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which detects the virus itself by copying it many times. The test can take anywhere from several days to two weeks. Tripp said the latter is clearly too long, especially in light of emerging threats such as H5N1 avian influenza. "For some r...

Molecular 'signature' protects cells from viruses

...hat RNAs without a 'signature' stimulate an immune reaction and initiate cell suicide opens up completely new perspectives for the therapy of virus infections and cancer cases: for example, RNA chains with a triphosphate end could be produced and fed into cancer cells. This could also trigger an anti-viral im...

'Allergy cells' can aggravate cancer and psoriasis

...y's mast cells are mainly associated with allergic reaction in the way they release histamine and other inflammatory substances. However, researchers at Karolinska Institutet have now demonstrated how the mast cells can also contribute to diseases like psoriasis and cancer. Mast cells are most known for the...

Teenager moves video icons just by imagination

... of teenage data. "But we observed much quicker reaction times in the boy and he had a higher level of detail of control - for instance, he wasn't moving just left and right, but just a little bit left, a little bit right," he said. Teamwork Graduate students in the Washington University School of En...

Carnegie Mellon scientists use 'green' approach to transform plastics manufacturing

...rial purification costs before and after running a reaction and permitting the production of new, unprecedente...atalyst and also decrease the release of hazardous reaction byproducts found in industrial waste," Matyjaszewski added. During ATRP, scientists produce a comp...

Hopkins scientists link immune response to 'ghost' parasites and severely congested sinuses

...ing the nose, and using real-time polymerase chain reaction tests, analyzed the samples for any genetic differ...asite response. However, Lane cautions that this reaction against parasites may come at the expense of the nose's ability to ward off other invaders, such as ...

'GreeneChip' -- New diagnostic tool that rapidly and accurately identifies multiple pathogens

...lower methods, such as culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the GreeneChip was used in the analysis of an unknown sample from a patient with a viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF)-like syndrome. Within six to eight days of infection, Marburg virus causes an acute febrile illness that frequent...

Natural anti-viral enzyme helps keep cancer cells alive, researchers find

...ite said. The TBK-1 action is part of an immune reaction called the "host defense response," which is distinct from the "adaptive" immune process, in which the body creates new antibodies against invading pathogens. A great deal is currently understood about how the adaptive immune system fights cancer and...

New approach to BSE successful in lab

...cr of its ability to spread" In this way the chain reaction would be interrupted. New therapeutic approach Scientists from Munich’s Ludwig Maximilian University and the University of Bonn, in conjunction with colleagues from the Max Planck Institute in Martinsried, have been testing whether this approac...

Chronic jet-lag conditions hasten death in aged mice

...une-system disruption. The body's physiological reaction to time change may be complex. Past research has indicated that circadian clocks govern physiological rhythms in a great variety of tissues in the body, and that different aspects of the physiological clock can adjust to schedule changes at different...

New study aims to stop sepsis in its tracks

... of them die. Sepsis occurs when the body's normal reaction to an infection goes into overdrive, causing widespread inflammation and dramatic changes in body temperature, blood pressure, breathing, and heart rate. It can lead to the malfunction or failure of several major organs. "The goal of this project i...

How does your brain tell time?

...s between brain cells and their connections. Each reaction leaves a signature that enables the brain-cell network to encode time." The UCLA team used a computer model to test this theory. By simulating a network of interconnected brain cells in which each connection changed over time in response to sti...

Decoy pill saves brain cells

... over-activated, glutamate receptors start a chain reaction that raises the concentration of calcium and activ... damage to the receptor and allowed the beneficial reaction to continue. In addition, it interrupted the feedback loop that stoked calpain activation. "This ...

Vitamin D deficiency widespread during pregnancy

...nstant." Since vitamin D is made by the body in reaction to sunlight exposure, it has long been known that vitamin D deficiency is more common among darker-skinned individuals, particularly in more northern latitudes, where less ultraviolet radiation reaches the Earth. Indeed, vitamin D deficiency is more ...

UCLA: How does your brain respond when you think about gambling or taking risks?

...ing the decision-making process, not the subject's reaction to winning or losing. On average, participants needed to be offered a 50 percent chance of winning about $19 to risk losing $10, but that amount varied widely among the subjects. One subject, for example, needed the chance to win $60 to risk losin...

Bacterial response to oxidation studied as toxin barometer

...Va., March 26, 2007 ?Common bacteria with an overt reaction to toxins that cause oxidative stress show promise as a biosensor to predict public health threats. At the 233rd American Chemical Society national meeting in Chicago March 25-29, researchers from Virginia Tech and the Edward Via Virginia College of...

New dopamine brain target discovered

...d their team identified this complex by its unique reaction to dopamine or specific drug triggers. Strikingly, stimulating this target with dopamine or specific drugs triggered a rise in calcium in the brain. As calcium has a profound effect on almost all brain function, this rise in calcium causes a cascade...

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