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Tag: "reaction" at biology news

New study finds how cells with damaged DNA alert the immune system

...found that damage to a cell's DNA sets off a chain reaction that leads to the increased expression of a marker recognized by the body's immune system. The new findings, to be published July 3 in an advanced online issue of Nature, shed light on a long-standing question of how the natural killer (NK) cells - ...

NHGRI expands effort to revolutionize sequencing technologies

...can be modified to perform sequencing by synthesis reaction chemistry. This method allows for smaller volumes of materials to be used as well as the decoupling of synthesis and detection steps, resulting in more efficient automation. M. Reza Ghadiri, Ph.D., The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, Calif. an...

Renewed hope for Parkinson's patients

...found that damage to a cell's DNA sets off a chain reaction that leads to the increased expression of a marker recognized by the body's immune system. The new findings, to be published July 3 in an advanced online issue of Nature, shed light on a long-standing question of how the natural killer (NK) cells - ...

Scientists get first glimpse at how plants, most animals repair UV-damaged DNA

...ron to damaged DNA ?but nobody could prove it. The reaction happened too fast to be seen with normal laborator... series of measurements to follow how the chemical reaction evolved over time. They assembled their measurements together like a series of stop-motion photogra...

New study to explore cellular circuitry

...ocess. Only the tagged protein involved in a given reaction will show up in the results of specially designed tests. A second potential application of the library relies on its clones' ability to produce large amounts of protein, which can help re-wire cells that have undergone an unhealthy genetic change ...

Biotechnology's newest chemical tool

...ped to alleviate the problems that had plagued the reaction in previous studies," Klimasauskas said. He likened the chemical reaction to a mechanical spring, explaining that the chemical energy trapped in AdoMet is sufficient to deliv...

Plants reveal a secret and bring researchers nearer a cleaner future

... with an additional intermediate and propose a new reaction mechanism on a molecular basis for the release of ...ion states developed. When carefully analysing the reaction kinetics, they observed a time delay before the O2-evolving step. This delay unambiguously proved th...

New discovery: If it weren't for this enzyme, decomposing pesticide would take millennia

...and that it catalyzes another, so-far unidentified reaction that these bacteria require for normal metabolism,...talytic activity of the enzyme may be a lucky side reaction of an enzyme that evolved to act on some natural substance yet to be identified." Horvat carried ou...

Einstein scientists discover how protein crucial for motion is synthesised at the right place in the cell

...t binds to messenger RNA, and this phosphorylation reaction detaches ZBP1 from the actin messenger RNA--unlocking the messenger RNA so it can now be translated into the actin protein that makes cell movement possible." Understanding how actin synthesis is spatially regulated in motile cells could lead to new...

Toasty oat aroma influenced by presence of health-linked polyphenols

...a and flavor formation in oats during the Maillard reaction which is the browning process that occurs when foo...ses show that the polyphenols inhibit the Maillard reaction by tying up or quenching some of the sugars and other transient reaction products the process needs ...

Chemical compound inhibits tumor growth, size in new mouse study

...a and flavor formation in oats during the Maillard reaction which is the browning process that occurs when foo...ses show that the polyphenols inhibit the Maillard reaction by tying up or quenching some of the sugars and other transient reaction products the process needs ...

Gene controls whether fear is a factor

...re fear. Stathmin-deficient animals also show less reaction to conditions that have previously proven unpleasant, an indication that the mice lack a normal memory for fear. "While one of the best understood memory-related neural circuitries within the mammalian brain is that which controls fear conditioning,...

Novel protein complex enables survival in hostile environment

...xygen until about 2.7 billion years ago. Then, the reaction of the small amounts of oxygen with sulfide would ...m a gene fusion event." "From the affinities and reaction rates it is clear that the enzyme will sense even a minute amount of sulfite and will neutralize eve...

Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision

... response to a so-called hypersensitive resistance reaction by the plant . The specific plant signals that are sensed by the pathogen to trigger the excision event remain to be identified. If some bacterial proteins give away the presence of the pathogen to the plant, why are they and their surrounding geno...

Synthetic Protein Eases Arthritis Symptoms in Mice

...pha (TNF-alpha). TNF-alpha starts a chemical chain reaction leading to inflammation by binding to two cell surface receptors, TNFR-1 and TNFR-2. Naturally occurring PLAD helps both forms of TNFR assemble and prepare to receive TNF-alpha. Synthetic PLAD, the scientists hypothesized, would bind to its natural c...

Looking for the genes that affect a person's level of response to alcohol

...ange their percent body water, which changes their reaction per drink, their liver gets a little slower in metabolizing alcohol, their brain gets a little more sensitive to alcohol, and when they get sick, they take medications, all of which affects their LR to alcohol." Furthermore, added Victor Hesselbroc...

Marathon of nano-sprinters

...ar mo-tors transport certain molecules to specific reaction sites. Depending on the arrange-ment of the filaments in these systems, varying the travel distance provides a strategy to control either the localization of the reagents to their target sites or, alternatively, their diffusion, which is enhanced by ...

Sea slug mixes chemical defense before firing at predators

...team determined that escapin mediates the chemical reaction with L-lysine and L-arginine that results in the d...perty in the secretion resulting from the chemical reaction between escapin and L-lysine. The scientists are currently examining the chemical process that resul...

Langerhans cells regulate immune reactions in the skin

...une system to pathogens, instead dampen the skin's reaction to infection and inflammation. This has the potential to significantly alter understanding of the mechanisms underlying many skin disorders such as psoriasis, lupus and skin cancer. Dendritic cells are found throughout the body and are extremely e...

Plants, too, have ways to manage freeloaders

...ns. Using a technique called the polymerase chain reaction to identify the bacteria in individual nodules, the researchers found that many plants nodulated both strains that were offered. On average, however, within individual plants, the poorly performing bacteria inhabited small nodules, while the more eff...

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