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Tag: "react" at biology news

Nanotechnology to provide portable genetic risk detection

...of 20 microcantilevers coated in nucleic acid that react when they come into contact with a DNA sample displaying the genetic anomaly. The sample is injected into the device via a microfluidic header and the deflection of the cantilevers ?by as little as 0.1 to 0.5 nanometres ?is picked up by a photodetect...

Immune system has evolved to prevent autoimmune disease

...ble strategy that would allow the immune system to react more quickly and with more effective antibodies. Our analysis revealed that such a system would be about 1,000 times more likely to produce antibodies that attack healthy tissues." Antibodies that bind with something other than the antigen they evol...

Color perception is not in the eye of the beholder: It's in the brain

... pigment that allows each cone in the human eye to react to different colors is very fragile and normal microscope light bleaches it away. This means that looking at the retina from a cadaver yields almost no information on the arrangement of their cones, and there is certainly no ability to test for color...

UF scientist finds unexpected link between cat and human AIDS viruses

... extent to which the human and feline AIDS viruses react to each other, and any implications that might exist for vaccine efficacy, Yamamoto began experimenting with long-term, nonprogressive strains of FIV that led to the current commercial vaccine. Now she is working on an HIV vaccine consisting of HIV v...

Researchers learn how blood vessel cells cope with their pressure-packed job

...dothelial cells of the human aorta are expected to react similarly. The stress fibers were made of actin, a...n. Rubber bands and most other flexible materials react to stretching by forming stress wrinkles parallel to the direction in which they are being pulled. H...

'Acid rain' and forest mass: Another perspective

...sited close to the sources of emission, is able to react with the acidic ions deposited at the same time. Subsequently, certain bacteria are capable of oxidising the compound, thus forming nitrate and liberating protons that acidify the soil. Amongst the effects of the deposition of these compounds on the ...

Scientists observe how a close bond activates the immune system

... issue of Science, reveals how T cells analyze and react to the signals of infection at the immunological synapse. Every T cell wears a unique molecule, called a T cell antigen receptor, on its surface that it uses to detect pieces of foreign proteins called antigens. These receptors exist in astonishing...

Gene controls whether fear is a factor

...e discovery of a gene that controls the ability to react with appropriate fear to impending danger. As a result, mice lacking the gene stathmin become daredevils of a sort, the researchers report. The basic findings may have general implications for the study of anxiety disorders and potential anti-anxiety...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

...ease out the secrets of how plants, in particular, react to light, opening the door for a host of manipulations that could have sweeping implications for agriculture. Writing in the Nov. 17, 2005 issue of the journal Nature, a team of scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison report that they ha...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

...observations of behavior in humans that suggest we react to pheromones," she said. "For example, it is known that women who live in close quarters tend to have synchronized menstrual cycles. But it was also believed that humans would need a functional vomeronasal organ in order to sense pheromones -- and t...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

... or to other targets. Creation of antibodies that react with each of the 21 Hox proteins expressed by spinal cord motor neurons was an important technical advance that enabled the researchers to crack this code. Using these antibodies, Dasen and colleagues pinpointed the pattern of expression of each prot...

A biosensor layered like lasagna

...to build a similar sensor using other enzymes that react specifically with other biological chemicals, environmental agents or even microbes and their toxic byproducts. Lin and colleagues also reported, in February issue of Analytical Chemistry, having used a similar technique to construct sensors for nerv...

In the mind's eye: How the brain makes a whole out of parts

...t. Milliseconds later, however, neurons begin to react exclusively to combinations of shape fragments, rather than to individual fragments. In other words, the brain begins to put the pieces together to form larger sections, in the same way that an artisan might fasten discrete shards of stained glass to...

Study in Science holds promise for a new approach to drug therapy

...nals that switch life processes on and off as they react to the nutrients, toxins, hormones and even the li...built into the outer cell surfaces and designed to react with a single, specific signaling molecule (a ligand). When a signaling molecule docks into the rece...

New possibilities to fight pests with biological means

...d to an additional, surprising result: in order to react this way, the wasps needed a first exposure to both the corn scent and the caterpillar which led them to associate the two. Young, "naive" wasps without this experience could not distinguish between scent-producing plants and control plants, or faile...

Why nerve cells work faster than the theory allows

...ain threshold value. Voltage gated sodium channels react to this voltage change by opening up and triggering an avalanche-like reaction. Positively charged sodium ions flow through the open channels into the cell, which leads to a further increase of the membrane potential and the opening of additional sod...

Hantavirus found in African wood mouse

.... Now they can easily test to see which antibodies react with the virus and how strongly they react. Antibody reactivity comparisons are another way to determine genetic relationships among viruses. Isolation of the virus is also required for development of a vaccine. The scientists also are planning to d...

Leave it to salmon to leave no stone unturned

...ology has assumed that most other organisms simply react to the physical and chemical conditions around them. A handful of papers since 1999, including one by Moore in 2004, has focused on the disturbance created by spawning salmon and the ecosystem at large. In this most recent paper, Moore also outlines ...

AIDS drug from sunflowers

...tanist he is actually doing research on how plants react to gravity, and therefore recently sent some of his test objects into space in a rocket like that. 'We are investigating which genes plants switch on and off under particular gravity conditions,' he explains. 'However, with the methods we use we can ...

Salmonella bacteria use RNA to assess and adjust magnesium levels

...t riboswitches can detect to help cells assess and react to their environment. First identified in 2002, riboswitches sense when a protein is needed and stop the creation of the protein if it isn't. That in itself isn't remarkable--scientists have been aware for decades of sensors in the cell that can ca...

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