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Tag: "rates" at biology news

Antarctic ice shelf retreats happened before

...rent, Circumpolar Deep Water, is causing high melt rates on the underside of an ice shelf in Pine Island Bay*. The gradual removal of this ice shelf may be causing the glaciers inland to flow faster, which could lead to enhanced drainage of part of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, and a consequent rise in sea...

Anti-bacterial additive widespread in U.S. waterways

...en using triclocarban for almost half a century at rates approaching1 million pounds per year, but we have essentially no idea of whatexactly happens to the compound after we flush it down the drain," saidthe study's lead author, Rolf U. Halden, PhD, PE, assistant professorin the School's Department of Env...

Recent breakthroughs in common adult leukemia highlighted in New England Journal of Medicine

... a result of the difference in the birth and death rates of the leukemia cells. Scientists have also since discovered that CLL is not a uniform disease but rather a disease that follows two distinct clinical courses in patients. Some patients require no treatment and have a lifespan of more than 20 years ...

Male circumcision reduces risk of HIV transmission from women to men

...el thatincorporated published data to estimate the rates of HIV infectionamong the three types of sexual pa...the authors'evidence that female-to-male infection rates may be more than two-foldgreater for uncircumcised men, this new information may help usunderstand w...

Gene therapy converts dead bone graft to new, living tissue

...oks like it will have a dramatic effect on success rates for cancer patients who would otherwise be facing choices as drastic as amputation," says Arthur A. Gertzman, executive vice president for research and development at the Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation. Other scientists have attempted to invo...

Researchers reveal the infectious impact of salmon farms on wild salmon

...to maintain its salt-water balance. When infection rates are high enough, the parasites feed on the fish at rates greater than the fish can feed itself, literally eating the fish alive. Adult salmon can survive sea...

BRCA1 causes ovarian cancer through indirect, biochemical route

...handle on the problem by looking at ovarian cancer rates in genetically modified mice created in collaboration with Robert Maxson, Keck School professor of biochemistry and molecular biology and director of the mouse core facility at the USC/Norris Cancer Center. "The whole project was based on creating a ...

Study Models Impact Of Anthrax Vaccine

... patientswere to take them for 60 days. Prevention rates dropped below 50percent if antibiotics were delayed more than 10 days. In 2001, somepostal workers did not begin taking antibiotics until 9 days afterexposure.The current licensed anthrax vaccine requires six doses over an18-month period to provide i...

The very unexpected life and death of a leukemic cell

...uted to the difference between the birth and death rates of the cells, according to the study. The researc... Chiorazzi and his team calculated birth and death rates of the leukemic cells and found that, contrary to expectations, production and destruction of CLL ce...

Special Imaging Study Shows Failing Hearts Are 'Energy Starved'

...important biochemicals and their chemical reaction rates within the cells of various tissues. They first performed MRS on 14 healthy volunteers to measure cardiac CK flux at rest and with pharmaceutically induced stress to determine whether increased energy demand during stress increases the rate of ATP sy...

US life expectancy about to decline, researchers say

...ll pay a very heavy price in terms of higher death rates and escalating health care costs." To estimate the current impact of obesity on life expectancy, the researchers calculated how much longer people would live if obesity did not exist. To do this, they used recently published health statistics and as...

Cricket's finicky mating behavior boosts biodiversity

...Laupala genus detect tiny differences in the pulse rates of male courtship songs, which differ from one Lau...rly biologists based their estimates of speciation rates on morphological, or structural characteristics, Mendelson says, scientists today are more likely to...

Live fast, die young true for forests too

...uch as tropical forests growing on rich soils, the rates of both "deposits" (tree births) and "withdrawals"... if tree births suddenly stopped, or if tree death rates doubled, the numbers of trees in these forests would be halved in just 30 years. In contrast, said ...

HIV vaccine trial breaks ground for future research

...e effective in preventing HIV infection; infection rates among those who were given the vaccine and those who were given placebo were 6.7 percent and 7.0 percent, respectively. Of those who became infected during the study, pre-treatment viral loads were similar in the placebo and vaccine groups over their...

Low level of extinction during ice age linked to adaptability

...iversity graduate student may have figured out why rates of extinction were so low for many of the major gr...res. Powell tackled the question of why extinction rates were so low during that great ice age by closely examining geographic patterns of evolution and exti...

WHO Warns Of Increased Risk Of Vector-borne Diseases In Tsunami-affected Areas

...ent of dengue hemorrhage fever can reduce fatality rates and save many lives", said Dr Samlee. In Sri Lanka, WHO and UNICEF have provided long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to displaced individuals and families for malaria prevention, along with other key supplies such as insecticides, fogging machine...

HIV-1 spread through six transmission lines in the UK

...does not demonstrate this. You would expect growth rates to decrease in the late rather than early 1990s around the time that potent therapy became widely used if this was the case. Instead, we see little correlation between widespread availability of treatment and reduction of transmission. This is highly...

Marburg haemorrhagic fever in Angola update

...ated Ebola haemorrhagic fever have shown mortality rates ranging, according to the virus strain involved, from 53% to 88%. The only other large outbreak of Marburg, in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1998 through 2000, had a case fatality of 83%. Two factors make the rapid detection of outbreaks of ...

Alzheimer's cognitive decline slowed

...omponent, or ADAS-Cog, also showed improvements in rates of decline followed the MMSE findings. Post-operative PET scans in four subjects showed significant increases in the brain's absorption of a radioisotope called 18-fluorodeoxyglucose, an indicator of increased metabolic activity in the brain. The re...

Researchers uncover sequence of major rice pathogen

...live in discreet parts of the genome and have high rates of recombination, which may be why the fungus can evolve new strains so quickly," Dean says. M. grisea undoubtedly produces toxins which may enable it to be a more effective pathogen. However our knowledge is limited to date, Dean says. The genome s...

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