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Tag: "rate" at biology news

Alien plants attack using 'resource conservation' as weapon, researchers say

...t. By calculating the ratio of resource use to the rate of photosynthesis, the scientists were able to determine the resource-use efficiency for each plant. "Invasive plants were more efficient on short-time scales, but overall there was no difference in the long term," Funk said. "We were surprised th...

Corals -- More complex than you?

...learly have a long way to go yet. "Based on the rate of gene discovery, we estimate that corals have as many as 20 or 25,000 genes, compared with the human complement of 20-23,000." Why a simple creature should have such a huge genetic repertoire is a mystery, but scientists are excited by it becaus...

Targeting sugar on blood vessels may inhibit cancer growth

...r vasculature, and in doing so, altered the growth rate of tumors prepared from lung carcinoma cells in the mice. "We theorized that by targeting the sugar, heparan sulfate, we could affect angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels," said Fuster. "In cancer, angiogenesis sustains growt...

Premature births may be linked to seasonal levels of pesticides and nitrates in surface water

The growing premature birth rate in the United States appears to be strongly associ... June to a low of 10.44% in September. The highest rate of prematurity occurred in May-June (11.91%) and the lowest for Aug-Sept (10.79%) regardless of mate...

Study shows continued success for new HPV vaccine against virus responsible for cervical cancer

...ee years. They found a near 100 percent efficacy rate in prevention of HPV types 16 and 18. "It's the first vaccine designed specifically to prevent cancer," says Dr. Ault, one of the authors of the study and a key researcher in the development of the vaccine. "The two main things to emphasize are ...

Hepatitis E takes a piggyback

...s need to worry about would occur if the infection rate in pigs drops. At low infection rates, there is actually a higher chance pigs will pass on HEV to humans at slaughter. Kunio Satou and Hiroshi Nishiura analysed blood test data from 2,500 pigs, natural hosts for the virus, on Japanese farms at Hokka...

Slowing the racing heart

...ine and other mechanisms that accelerate the heart rate have been well studied, mechanisms that might act as a brake are poorly understood," said Solaro. "Identification of this previously unknown molecular mechanism for slowing the heartbeat may offer new avenues of diagnosis, drug design and treatmen...

100 percent of pregnant women have at least one kind of pesticide in their placenta

...t one pesticide in their placenta, but the average rate amounts to eight different kinds of chemical substances. Fifteen different pesticides in the organisms of pregnant women In her study, through the analysis of the placentas, López studied the presence of 17 endocrine disruptive organochlorine...

Asexual worm quickly adapts to soil contamination

...agement more on functions such as biomass turnover rate and less on the structure and biomasss of populations per se. In her thesis Doroszuk shows that contributions from various research disciplines are crucial for insight into underlying mechanisms of the response to stress and for the consequences for ...

Palau's coral reefs show differential habitat recovery following the 1998 bleaching event

...ideo cameras, van Woesik and his team examined the rate of coral recovery at 13 different sites, and found...s, van Woesik hypothesizes that the coral recovery rate is directly linked to human environmental factors ?a promising sign for recovery in other regions. ...

Researchers develop way to calculate speed of bacterial sex

...vis recently developed a mathematical model of the rate of gene transfer among bacteria in the environment...nt a controlling factor for gene spread as was the rate of conjugation itself. It is important to consider all natural processes together when trying to...

Gene thought to assist chemo may help cancer thrive

...3 gene that didn't work had a much better survival rate than those who had normal p53. In the study, re...mor recurrence and explaining the higher mortality rate of patients whose tumors had a functioning p53. If we are correct, inhibiting p53 in tumors being tr...

NIDA study identifies genes that might help some people abstain from smoking

...bstinence. This knowledge could impact the success rate of cessation programs by helping health care providers choose the most appropriate treatment based on individual differences.? Dr. Uhl and his colleagues performed a genome-wide analysis on the DNA of two types of nicotine-dependent individuals, on...

Rapid response was crucial to containing the 1918 flu pandemic

...interventions applied and the resulting peak death rate seen. Perhaps more importantly, both studies showe... In the most extreme disparity, the peak mortality rate in St. Louis was only one-eighth that of Philadelphia, the worst-hit city in the survey. In contrast...

Researchers find link between food odors and lifespan in fruit flies

...ound that it wasn't. You can have a high metabolic rate and be long-lived, and that's an encouraging obser...ound that it wasn't. You can have a high metabolic rate and be long-lived, and that's an encouraging observation." Ultimately, understanding any link bet...

Scientists identify pancreatic cancer stem cells

...es for this cancer, which has a five-year survival rate of only three percent -- the worst prognosis of any major cancer, said the study's lead author, Diane M. Simeone, M.D., an associate professor of surgery and molecular and integrative physiology. "The cells we isolated are quite different from 99 ...

UCI scientists reconstruct migration of avian flu virus

...u have been recorded worldwide, its high mortality rate raises concerns that if the virus mutates to where humans can pass it on, a flu pandemic may occur. ...

Beyond the DNA: Chemical signatures reveal genetic switches in the genome

...nal annotation of 'enhancers,' which establish the rate at which gene expression occurs and determine the tissues in which genes are expressed. "The human genome is packaged within each cell by chromatin, a structure composed of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones," explains lead author Nathani...

UC Davis researchers use heated nanoprobes to destroy breast cancer cells in mice

...included tumor concentration of bioprobes, heating rate of particles at different amplitudes, and the spacing of AMF bursts. Tumor growth rate slowed in the treated animals, a response that correlated closely with heat dose. No toxicity relate...

Major gene study uncovers secrets of leukemia

...ue our successful efforts to increase the survival rate of ALL." One potential strategy for eliminating leukemic cells would take advantage of the discovery that mutations in the B-cell differentiation pathway are predicted to prevent progenitors from changing into normally functioning lymphocytes. No...

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