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Tag: "rat" at biology news

UCSB researchers discover shape matters to macrophages

...earchers used macrophages from alveolar (lung sac) rat tissue and developed polystyrene particles of various sizes and shapes as model targets. Mitragotri and Champion used scanning electron microscopy and time-lapse video microscopy to study the action of the macrophages when presented with targets of v...

New compound protects against liver cancer

...us lesions at the lowest dose of 50 micrograms per rat and a 99 percent reduction at the highest dose of 5 milligrams. Like other compounds derived from oleanolic acid, CDDO-Im also has strong anti-inflammatory properties, which the researchers say makes it ideally suited to the prevention of certain ca...

Oh, rats! Designer animals reveal possible heart disease genes

... researchers worldwide. Scientists have long used rat models to study heart disease in the lab. But thos...ted one chromosome from the parental, hypertensive rat with the homologous chromosome from a healthy rat. Continuing this way, the team generated 22 unique...

Brain differences could explain why males and females experience pain relief differently

...on of pain sensations in the body. The study used rat brains, but a host of clinical evidence suggests that similar differences occur in humans ?in other words, this finding could eventually lead to the development of differential treatments for pain in men versus women. A team led by Dr. Anne Murphy...

NHGRI announces new sequencing targets

...chotona species), a cousin of the rabbit, kangaroo rat (Dipodomys species) and tarsier (Tarsier species), an early primate and evolutionary cousin to monkeys, apes, and humans. NHGRI will base the choice of the eight mammals to be sequenced on the availability of high-quality DNA samples, the organisms' ...

Losing sleep undoes the rejuvenating effects new learning has on the brain

...is task did not engage the hippocampus because the rat did not need a mental map of the pool to reach the platform, Hairston explained. Fewer brain cells for the weary At the end of each training session, half the animals in each group were kept awake for six hours by being presented novel stimuli th...

Dying of excitement

...ap that inhibited promoter activity in transfected rat brain cells. Whether the mutant promoter decreases EAAT2 expression in the human brain, as would be predicted, remains to be tested. ...

Parkinson's disease mechanism discovered

...phila, the roundworm C. elegans and in cultures of rat neurons. Bonini and her colleagues tested the effe...nd his colleagues at Purdue performed the tests in rat neurons. Caldwell is also coordinator of HHMI's Undergraduate Research Intern Program at the Univers...

NHGRI announces latest sequencing targets

...f the human genome, significantly more than in the rat genome, which has about 3 percent, or the mouse genome, which has between 1 and 2 percent. Segmental duplications provide a window into understanding how the human genome evolved and how it may still be changing. The high proportion of segmental dupl...

Mussels evolve quickly to defend against invasive crabs

...he blue mussel, which Freeman describes as the lab rat of marine biologists, is an invertebrate "that people assume is not very bright," he says. Yet his findings indicate that within the brief span of 15 years, it has evolved an inducible response to a new predator. How do mussels evolve so quickly? I...

UCSD researchers develop 'smart petri dish'

...t electricity through computer chips. By attaching rat liver cells to the polystyrene within the crystals...udy." "Although we performed these experiments on rat cells, this technology can be easily extended to human cells," says Sangeeta Bhatia, a professor of ...

Researcher gives hard thoughts on soft inheritance

... study showed that early grooming and nurturing of rat pups by rat moms affects methylation of a glucocorticoid receptor gene in the hippocampus in the brain. If the ...

Wasps queue for top job

..., and vertebrates like meerkats and the naked mole rat ?is that some individuals forgo their own reproduction to help rear the offspring of others. In hover wasps, helpers spend between 0 and 95 per cent of their time foraging to feed the queen's larvae. Previous scientific thinking indicated that the ...

Just like us, social stress prompts hamsters to overeat, gain weight

Put a mouse or a rat under stress and what does it do? It stops eating. Humans should be so lucky. When people suffer nontraumatic stress they often head for the refrigerator, producing unhealthy extra pounds. When Syrian hamsters, which are normally solitary, are place...

'Smart' genetic therapy helps the body to heal itself

...ery, as well as motor neuron cultures derived from rat embryos. "The next step was to try this therapy i...nduce ALDR gene expression in human cell lines and rat and human brain slices. "We then treated 8 X-ALD patients with oral valproate over 6 months", said...

Orange, grapefruit juice for breakfast builds bones in rats

...t may sound like Saturday cartoons: a strong-boned rat that can't be broken. But a couple of Texas researchers say the real hero is citrus juice. Orange and grapefruit juice regularly given to lab rats prevented osteoporosis, long considered an unavoidable aging disease in which bones become more likely...

Free radical cell death switch identified

...ating the mechanisms of cell death in neurons from rat brain, the team focused their attention on the function of a protein called MST, which had been previously implicated in cell death. They found that exposure of brain neurons to oxidative-stress signals stimulates the activity of MST, and once activ...

Fat stem cells being studied as option for breast reconstruction

...ature fat cells. When injected under the skin in a rat model, the cellular combination eventually formed what they describe as a "mound" of tissue. The fat-derived stem cells being used in the study are obtained from breast cancer patients. "We need to demonstrate that fat-derived stem cells taken...

Parkinson's mutation stunts neurons

...introduced the mutant form of LRRK2 into the adult rat brain, they saw the same stunting of growth of dop...en they introduced the mutant LRRK2 into embryonic rat brain, they saw a reduction of length and branching of neuronal wiring during brain development. ...

Temperament linked to onset of cancer and early death in female rats

... the researchers selected 81 female Sprague-Dawley rat pups. The breed is prone to development of breast ...rament that are accountable to differences between rat families, the researchers compared behavior among sisters. The rats were tested at 20 days and 11 ...

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