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Tag: "rat" at biology news

Why do aneurysms form? New studies suggest leading role for white blood cells

...ctin, and normal comparison mice. In general, the rat aortas exposed to elastase had far higher levels of L-selectin in the days immediately after the injury. The L-selectin-deficient mice had significantly smaller aneurysms after elastase exposure, and only 38 percent of them developed aneurysms compar...

Stem cells bring fast direct improvement, without differentiation, in acute renal failure

...rate the course" of I/R ARF and also note that the rat model of ARF used in the study is "a suitable if somewhat imperfect model of the most common and the most treatment-resistant type of human ischemic ARF." Next steps * Current studies are investigating the collective and individual renoprotecti...

OHSU researchers discover potential mechanism to repair brain damage linked to Multiple Sclerosis

...provided the team with tissue cultures of immature rat oligodendrocytes. The researchers then applied HA to these cells which indeed kept the immature cells from maturing into myelin-producing cells. In another key experiment, Sherman and Back confirmed in another animal model of MS that injection of the...

Molecular Partners Required For Appropriate Neuronal Gene Repression

...provided the team with tissue cultures of immature rat oligodendrocytes. The researchers then applied HA to these cells which indeed kept the immature cells from maturing into myelin-producing cells. In another key experiment, Sherman and Back confirmed in another animal model of MS that injection of the...

Brains response to visual stimuli helps us to focus on what we should see, rather than all there is to see

...es of inhibitory neurons in the visual cortex of a rat brain are wired to, and "talk" with, discrete excitatory neurons. They also show how that "conversation," aimed at keeping the right balance of chemical signals, often excludes surrounding neurons. "The inhibitory neurons are not just brakes, they c...

Molecular cabal contributes to stroke damage

...xperiments, Gao and colleagues induced ischemia in rat brains, or deprived cultured neurons of oxygen, and analyzed the molecular effects. Their analyses revealed that such deprivation triggered NMDARs, which in turn activated an important cell switch called CaMKII. This enzyme, they found, acts on a par...

Study reveals genomics of inflammation from severe injury

...00,000 published reports on more than 8,000 human, rat and mouse genes and their genetic interactions. This tool enabled the group to uncover about 300 genes and several genetic pathways not previously known to be involved in inflammation. The Nature article is the second in a planned series of papers t...

Study Unlocks Insects?Secret for Love in the Dark

...00,000 published reports on more than 8,000 human, rat and mouse genes and their genetic interactions. This tool enabled the group to uncover about 300 genes and several genetic pathways not previously known to be involved in inflammation. The Nature article is the second in a planned series of papers t...

Sperm stem cells closer to being like embryonic stem cells

New experiments that prevented rat sperm stem cells from changing permanently into sp...estern Medical Center devised methods to keep male rat germ-line stem cells ?sperm precursor cells ?from differentiating, or changing, into sperm proper. T...

Brainstem blocks pain to protect key behaviors

...erence. Rats focused just as intently on standard rat chow as when munching chocolate chips, yogurt drops or butter cookies. Although earlier studies found that eating took precedence over pain in food-deprived animals, this is the first study to show that feeding suppressed pain in well-fed animals. ...

What can change in the brain? Electrical synapses, research shows

...tion, Landisman and Connors recorded activity from rat neurons that were connected by electrical synapses and stimulated other brain cells using brief bursts of electricity to see how the neurons would respond. They also treated neurons with two different drugs. All three techniques either activated or b...

Group proves it's possible to grow new lung alveoli by growing new blood vessels

...ccurs between the lungs and blood vessels--in tiny rat lungs. The results of their work were recently published in Circulation, entitled Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Therapy Increases Survival, Promotes Lung Angiogenesis, and Prevents Alveolar Damage in Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury: Evidence...

How the neuron sprouts its branches

...ole of Golgi outposts, they used imaging of living rat brain cells grown in culture, as well as electron microscopy of rat brain tissue. These studies revealed that the Golgi outposts tended to appear in longer dendrites a...

Carnegie Mellon develops non-invasive technique to detect transplant rejection at cellular level

...t model to study organ rejection. In this model, a rat receives a second functional heart, which is graft...s through sequential stages of rejection while the rat stays healthy. This aspect of the research was conducted primarily by Qing Ye, a research biologist ...

Living taste cells produced outside the body

...mature taste cells, they obtained basal cells from rat taste buds and placed these cells in a tissue cult... age. Although the current experiments utilized rat taste cells, Ozdener, Rawson, and colleagues intend to use taste cell biopsies from humans to try to...

Neurons find their place in the developing nervous system with the help of a sticky molecule

...e MDGA1 gene was cloned and characterized first in rat by O'Leary and two former postdoctoral fellows, E. David Litwack, Ph.D. and Matthias Gesemann, Ph.D. They showed that MDGA1 is a cell adhesion molecule ?a protein enabling cells to attach to other surfaces, something that they must do either to move ...

A link is found between morphine addiction and the tendency to explore

...e several times over the period of a few days, the rat is left free and we observe which of the two compartments it prefers. The more the animal likes morphine, the more time it will spend in the compartment that it associated with the effects of this drug, and this gives us an indication of the rat's ad...

UCLA scientists find male gene in brain area targeted by Parkinson's

...lso in regulating the brain." Vilain's lab used a rat model to study the effect of SRY on the brain. Whe...ysical agility by half in a week. "Initially, the rat could walk 14 steps in 10 seconds," he noted. "After we lowered the SRY levels in its brain, the rat...

A surprising pair of proteins help make healthy eggs

... arrived at their findings by creating two matched rat cell lines of ovarian granulosa cell origin. In the experimental line, the level of TAF4b was increased. Berkeley researchers compared these lines and were able to identify the cooperative role of TAF4b and c-Jun, as well as the activation of the net...

How the brain learns to become addicted

...lly induced such plasticity. In experiments with rat brain slices, the researchers demonstrated that orexin A does increase activity of neurons in the VTA associated with such plasticity. And in experiments with whole animals, the researchers found that orexin A was required for "behavioral sensitizat...

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