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Tag: "rapidly" at biology news

Disabling gene defuses rheumatoid arthritis in mice

..." Innate immune cells such as neutrophils respond rapidly to invaders and normally comprise the body's frontline defenses against bacterial infection. Peng became interested in Foxo3a because of prior studies his research team had conducted on a related gene, Foxj1. Both genes belong to the forkhead family...

UN: World in big ecological mess

...unched today. Humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and extensively in the last 50 years than in any other period, some 60 per cent of ecosystem elements supporting life on Earth, such as fresh water, clean air or a relatively stable climate, are being degraded or used unsustainably, and the situation...

Studies reveal how plague disables immune system, and how to exploit the process to make a vaccine

...oit Y. pestis as a weapon, spreading it widely and rapidly as an aerosol rather than through fleabites and rodents. Contracted this way -- infecting the lungs rather than the bloodstream -- the disease is known as pneumonic plague. This form of the infection progresses faster, spreads easier from person to p...

Random gene expression may drive HIV into hiding

...ression of HIV infection. HIV normally replicates rapidly in the body's white blood cells, but, in some cells, the virus stops replicating and becomes dormant. Researchers have long puzzled over how HIV makes the "decision" to become latent or to keep replicating in a certain cell. "Most of the other group...

MIT engineers an anti-cancer smart bomb

...nside the tumor, its outer membrane disintegrates, rapidly deploying the anti-angiogenic drug. The blood vessels feeding the tumor then collapse, trapping the loaded nanoparticle in the tumor, where it slowly releases the chemotherapy. The team tested this model in mice. The double-loaded nanocell shrank th...

The making and breaking of microtubules

... tubulin dimers, and the whole microtubule extends rapidly for many millionths of a meter before suddenly swi... themselves into microtubules. But because GTP can rapidly hydrolyze into GDP, capturing transitional states of GTP-bound tubulin directly was impractical. In...

Amazon source of 5-year-old river breath

...re-mile Amazon River basin ?where tropical forests rapidly gulp carbon dioxide during photosynthesis ?were holding onto that carbon for decades, even centuries, says Emilio Mayorga, University of Washington oceanographer and lead author of the Nature piece with Anthony Aufdenkampe of the Stroud Water Researc...

When it comes to cell entry, being average has its advantages

...ler. The faster the viruses are absorbed, the more rapidly they reproduce. "Cells are simply optimizing the system," Freund explained. "If a particle is too big, there may not be enough receptors to bind to the virus. If it is too small, it takes too much energy to bend the cell membrane as it engulfs the i...

Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein

...er TLRs--play in the human innate immune system to rapidly detect invading pathogens. "We don't know functionally how TLR proteins work," says Professor Ian Wilson, D.Phil., who is a professor in the Department of Molecular Biology at The Scripps Research Institute and a member of the The Skaggs Institute f...

Discovery of an American salamander where it shouldn't be: Korea

...ucation in the region will be invaluable to such a rapidly developing and highly educated country." ...

Researchers develop new method for facile identification of proteins in bacterial cells

...uture, "With the new tool, we can conveniently and rapidly identify both pollutant-degrading bacteria and their characteristic proteins that effect pollutant transformation." "This method represents a new investigative tool in bioremediation, which is the science of using biological organisms as a means of ...

New tool reveals secrets of migrating cells

...bat with viral invaders. "We were surprised by how rapidly and directly the cells move to their final destination." The technique could allow researchers in many fields of biology to track migrating cells, which biologists have discovered are common in many types of tissue, ranging from nerves to lymph node...

Identification of specific genes predicts which patients will respond to Hepatitis C treatment

...aring "genetic fingerprints" allows researchers to rapidly and effectively identify sensitive genetic changes associated with various stages of disease, and hopefully identify the most suitable candidates for specific therapies. "We went into this experiment without any hypothesis about what to look for," s...

Insects develop resistance to engineered crops

... one of those toxins grow nearby, insects may more rapidly develop resistance to all the insect-killing plant...ect gets a jump on one toxin, then it becomes more rapidly resistant to that same toxin in a dual-gene plant. And when one line of defense starts to fail, it p...

Study shows how retinoic acid enters a cell's nucleus

...cult journey for a hydrophobic compound. For RA to rapidly enter a cell's nucleus, it must catch a ride on a ... rates slow dramatically. The protein transfers RA rapidly and efficiently to the cell's nucleus. In this way, tumor growth may be inhibited using naturally oc...

Compound might defeat African sleeping sickness, clinical trial beginning this month

...eneficial drugs, he said. Work is also progressing rapidly on a new drug for drug-resistant malaria, another major threat in developing countries. The UNC-led Consortium to Develop New Drugs for Protozoan Diseases established an advisory board chaired by Dr. Frederick Sparling at UNC, with Drs. Terry Shapir...

Scientists track stealth DNA elements in primate evolution

...ansposition levels, however, they are likely to be rapidly purged from human populations through natural selection." Dr. Batzer, principal investigator on the study, is the George C. Kent Professor of Life Sciences in the Department of Biological Sciences at LSU. Co-first authors on the manuscript, Kyudong ...

Spiders help scientists discover how muscles relax

... Cryo-electron microscopy avoids these problems by rapidly freezing the sample. Using the new technique, the researchers were able to visualize the muscle tissue in a form closer to its structure in the body than had previously been possible. It took several years to refine the techniques required to preser...

Aptamer-based Biosensor screens Air Force personnel and equipment

...lity for Air Force Special Operations personnel to rapidly determine the presence of biological warfare agents in a combat environment," said Dr. Richard Stotts, counterproliferation branch chief within the Air Force Research Laboratory's Human Effectiveness Directorate. "The device is compact, quickly ident...

VCU study shows hormone-like molecule kills cells that cause inflammation in allergic disease

...s histamine, heparin and a number of cytokines are rapidly released into the tissues and blood, promoting an allergic reaction. Mast cells are believed to be generated by different precursor cells in the bone marrow. In the in vitro portion of the study, researchers used mouse bone marrow cells containing...

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