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Tag: "radicals" at biology news

Key stress protein linked to toxicities responsible for Parkinson's, Alzheimer's

...nistic link between cellular stress caused by free radicals and accumulation of misfolded proteins that lead t... provides the first molecular link between NO free radicals and protein misfolding, which is currently thought to be a common pathway in the pathogenesis of vir...

For the first time: Longevity modulated without disrupting life-sustaining function

...parasites. Highly reactive molecules known as free radicals also unleash DAF-16. If the worms are having a good day in a favorable environment, but for some reason DAF-2 signaling gets turned off precociously, the worms reap the benefit of increased stress resistance and double their lifespan from an averag...

Removing DNA repair gene causes metabolic syndrome

... enzymes involved in repairing DNA damaged by free radicals that trigger oxidative stress on cell molecules. As a consequence of these studies, the Lloyd laboratory found human homologs to the bacterial repair enzyme and immediately began constructing the repair-deficient mice. "If you have oxidative stress ...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

...diation, other environmental carcinogens, and free radicals from the cellular metabolism. DNA damage ranges from one or a few altered nucleotides in a single strand of the double helix, to breaks in one or both strands and crosslinks between the two strands. To prevent accumulation of mutations and the produc...

Dangerous tricksters: Some bacterie use immune cells to reproduce

...concentrated: the phagosome is flooded with oxygen radicals and acid. Another kind of membrane bags, the lysosomes, merge with the phagosome and confront the microbe with highly reactive digestive enzymes. A few hours after the first alarm bells have rung there is nothing left of the bacterium, and the potent...

A radical solution for environmental pollution

... other potentially harmful chemicals known as free radicals to degrade the toxins they live on. Such insights could lead to new ways of engineering bacteria to clean up environmental messes, said associate professor of chemistry E. Neil Marsh, who did the work with postdoctoral fellow Chunhua Qiao. Free rad...

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...of reactive, cell-damaging molecules known as free radicals -- is responsible for the aging process. According to the new Science report, markers of oxidative stress did not parallel the accumulation of mitochondrial genetic mutations. Instead, the group found evidence that indicated accelerated cell death, ...

Purdue scientists may have found key to halting spinal cord damage

...atized cells at increased risk of damage from free radicals that oxidize the tissue, but the cells also spill chemicals that actually help the free radicals to launch repeated attacks," said Shi, who is an associate professor of neuroscience and biomedical ...

Researchers extend mouse lifespan by protecting against free radicals

... including DNA. Some researchers believe that free radicals could contribute to or hasten heart disease, cance...f metabolism and it can be a the precursor of free radicals that can damage the cell. The damage can in turn lead to more flaws in the cell's chemical processes...

One hit of crystal meth causes birth defects

...developed the enzymes that protect it against free radicals ?highly activated, destructive oxygen molecules that have been implicated in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, says Wells. This vulnerability lasts from the embryonic stage through the later fetal period, times when organ structures and mental f...

Atmosphere may cleanse itself better than previously thought

...this way ?producing natural air cleaners called OH radicals ?the chemicals the team studied have for the first time been observed to produce air-scrubbing OH radicals at low ultraviolet wavelengths. This observation has eluded science primarily because photochemistry...

Transport System Smuggles Medicines Into Brain

... that they can act as anti-oxidants to quench free radicals and potentially protect cells and tissues in the body from oxidative damage. Now, McGraw says, he's interested in learning more about the connection between the red colors and anti-oxidants within and among parrot species, as well as "to specificall...

ASU researchers finds novel chemistry at work to provide parrot's vibrant red colors

... that they can act as anti-oxidants to quench free radicals and potentially protect cells and tissues in the body from oxidative damage. Now, McGraw says, he's interested in learning more about the connection between the red colors and anti-oxidants within and among parrot species, as well as "to specificall...

Mitochondrial DNA mutations play significant role in prostate cancer

...state cancer growth.Since mitochondria make oxygen radicals as a by-product of makingenergy, and oxygen radicals can stimulate cell growth, the researchersthen tested the tumors for oxygen radical production. The ...

Iron Deficiency Sparks Dramatic Changes In Gene Expression

...l's genetic code and protecting the cell from free radicals andaging, said Thiele."We discovered that iron deprivation actually reprograms the metabolismof the entire cell," said Thiele. "Literally hundreds of proteinsrequire iron to carry out their proper function, so without thisnutrient, there is a complet...

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