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Tag: "radiation" at biology news

Mars mission Risk 29: Scientists research ways to reduce radiation-induced brain damage

...ssibility that massive amounts of solar and cosmic radiation will decimate the brains of astronauts, leaving th...ed "Risk 29" by NASA's Mars scientists, the cosmic radiation risk remains a show-stopper because shielding a spacecraft from all radiation could make it too heav...

Nano-devices hold promise for early-stage cancer detection

... computing, wireless communications, and laser and radiation detection systems. Research currently underway includes: a miniature (pill-sized) device that will provide early detection of abnormal cells inside the body; an imaging and communication system for non-invasive screening in target organs s...

Abnormal overexpression of p53 is a predictive molecular biomarker

... test that predicted poor outcome from traditional radiation and chemotherapy treatment for head and neck cance...t cancer, and a 69 percent response when used with radiation to treat non-small cell lung cancer. ...

Vaccine for brain tumors shows promising results

...itional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Vitespen has been granted fast track and orphan drug designations from the Food and Drug Administration in both metastatic melanoma (skin cancer) and renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer). The UCSF clinical trial is a phase1/2 study desig...

Older men treated for early prostate cancer live longer than those who are not

...ostatectomy (surgical removal of the prostate) and radiation therapy, controversial with unpredictable outcomes...ithin six months of diagnosis underwent surgery or radiation therapy ?were 31 percent less likely to die than those who did not undergo treatment during that tim...

Report calls for improved monoclonal antibodies against solid tumors

...uses the toxicity associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In the nearly 20 years since scientists were able to create monoclonal antibodies that could be safely used in humans, eight monoclonal antibodies have been approved for use in clinical treatments to trigger immune responses to cancer cells,...

U-M researchers use nanoparticles to target brain cancer

...awaz Rehemtulla, Ph.D., professor of radiology and radiation oncology at the U-M Medical School and professor of environmental health sciences at the School of Public Health. Treating brain tumors is traditionally difficult because of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents harmful substances from travelin...

Scientists explore how complex organs develop from a simple bud

...atients whose salivary glands have been injured by radiation therapy or autoimmune rejection. An investigation into the morphogenesis of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles is included, as well as an in-depth look at the genetic and cellular interactions critical to placental development. Research on this ...

Finding an answer to Darwin's Dilemma

...through photosynthesis. This began an evolutionary radiation that led to complex communities of filter-feeding animals, then mobile bilateral animals, and ultimately to the Cambrian "explosion" of skeletal animals 542 million years ago. ...

New sunscreen ingredient to heal sunburn and help prevent skin cancer

...e and only becomes active when it is exposed to UV radiation in sunlight, avoiding any side-effects that might result from long-term exposure to the active form of the drug. The researchers are currently testing prototypes of the ingredient in the laboratory using three dimensional human skin cultures, but...

Fast test for low blood flow in dogs detects early heart trouble

...hat CT imaging, like PET, also exposes patients to radiation from X-rays, but PET takes nearly one hour to perform, whereas CT scanning is quicker. To assess if blood flow in dogs could be accurately measured with 64-CT, researchers compared the new scanner with an existing test that is considered to be th...

Newly identified biomarker detects and regulates spread of brain tumors

...ne year even after neurosurgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, highlighting the pressing need for more research to develop improved therapies. Equally important, the researchers also found that attractin plays a key role in the motility of the cancer cells, which influences their ability to spread in...

Selecting life: Scientists find new way to search for origin of life

... synthesis was driven by lightning and ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere or volcanic heat and chemical reactions in the deep oceans. Some of these building blocks of life were attracted to specific mineral surfaces, where they collected, concentrated, and underwent further reactions. "Some 20 differe...

Intravenous gene therapy protects normal tissue of mice during whole-body radiation

...al organs and tissues from the effects of ionizing radiation in the event of large-scale exposure from a radiol...y and Oncology (ASTRO) in Philadelphia. "Ionizing radiation can be extremely damaging to cells, tissues, organs and organ systems," said Joel S. Greenberger, M....

Molecular 'marker' on stem cells aids research, perhaps therapies

...e cancer even if most of the tumor is destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy. “Is the expression of this marker elevated in a tumor" If so, perhaps it might be useful to identify cancer stem cells, but we don’t know yet,?Dr. Perlingeiro said. “That would be a very beneficial application, not just for guidi...

Antibiotic treats lymphoma of the eye

... and it is a valid alternative to chemotherapy and radiation without causing the same toxic side-effects. Patients treated with doxycycline had a 66% rate of disease-free survival. "Our prospective trial revealed that doxycycline is a fast, safe, and active treatment for OAL, both at initial diagnosis and at...

New way of tracking muscle damage from radiation

...ing the risk of muscle injury during and following radiation therapy, according to investigators at St. Jude Ch...ort that MRI can spot the immediate injury done by radiation therapy to the muscles of children undergoing radiation treatment for certain types of soft-tissue c...

Gold nanoparticles prove to be hot stuff

...microsphere materials that can be trapped by laser radiation pressure more efficiently, which would enable faster measurements and detection of smaller motions at the same laser power. As described in the Aug. 15 issue of Optics Letters,* the JILA team demonstrated that 100-nanometer-wide gold beads, as expect...

Radiation after surgery doubles survival time for some lung cancer patients

...tween the chest, breastbone and spine ?who receive radiation after surgery and chemotherapy live twice as long as patients who do not receive radiation after surgery, according to a study presented at the plenary session November 6, 2006, at the Americ...

Preliminary study finds holographic imaging system promising for cancer treatment planning

...significant potential to achieve better quality in radiation treatment planning. The study results are being pr...phia (November 5-9, 2006). The effectiveness of radiation therapy depends on the medical team's ability to concentrate high radiation doses to the tumors whil...

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