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Tag: "radiation" at biology news

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...up to four thousand people could eventually die of radiation exposure from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (N...wer than 50 deaths had been directly attributed to radiation from the disaster, almost all being highly exposed rescue workers, many who died within months of th...

Regenerating worms help elucidate stem cell biology

... which occurs when scientists expose the animal to radiation in the laboratory, is devastating. "The animal wil...ts as those whose neoblasts have been destroyed by radiation -- head regression, curling, and the inability to regenerate -- suggesting that the gene was needed ...

Polymer gel can block toxic leakage problem in gene therapy

...rom the Pratt School and the Duke Medical Center's radiation oncology department studied a preferred kind of an...ssociate Ava Krol, associate research professor of radiation oncology Chuan-Yuan Li, and radiation oncology research associates Shanling Liu and Takashi Kon. In...

Nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanotubes: How tiny specks may provide powerful tools against cancer

...nanoparticle-p53 therapy enhanced chemotherapy and radiation treatment for cancer, pushing damaged cancer cells to die. They have also demonstrated that the nanocomplex goes only to cancer cells, leaving normal tissue alone, and have used this approach in testing several other therapeutic genes in animals as w...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...aviors of neutron stars. A short, intense pulse of radiation from near the center of the Milky Way, recorded on 27 December 2004, may be the result of a short gamma ray burst -- a rapid merger of two ancient neutron stars or a neutron star and a black hole. Brain Wiring and Disease: Several studies in 2005 s...

PET imaging reveals the immune system at work

...ttings it produces images of the body by detecting radiation emitted from radioactive substances, such as fluorodeoxyglucose, injected into the body. In the work reported by Witte's group, PET was used to follow immune cells whose DNA included "reporter genes," genes engineered to help concentrate chemical tra...

Jefferson biologist coaxing human embryonic stem cells to make dopamine with simpler, faster method

...ttings it produces images of the body by detecting radiation emitted from radioactive substances, such as fluorodeoxyglucose, injected into the body. In the work reported by Witte's group, PET was used to follow immune cells whose DNA included "reporter genes," genes engineered to help concentrate chemical tra...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

...lity to repair damage to DNA caused by ultraviolet radiation throughout the genome, whereas in CS the global re...mage that might have been inflicted by ultraviolet radiation or oxidative damage, for example. Or it may encounter situations such as a highly repetitive sequenc...

Young scientists turn to gel to ease side-effects of cancer treatment

...n. The density of the gel alters when subjected to radiation beams, so radiologists can use it to take the guesswork out of the intensity-modulated radiation therapy treatment of malignant cancers. By testing the radiation beam on the gel first, radiologis...

Study shows combination of immune substances to be safe

...ther tumors that respond poorly to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. But interferon can have serious side effects that limit its use. Surprisingly, the two drugs used in sequence caused no serious side effects in patients. "Interferon can be quite toxic when used alone," says principal investigator Willia...

Sensors, a smart dose of medicine for cancer treatment

...he INVORAD project developed systems for real-time radiation monitoring for patient dosimetry in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT). IMRT is a radiation therapy for cancers that improves clinical outcomes by more accurately targeting tumours and minimis...

T-rays: New imaging technology spotlighted by American Chemical Society

...e potential of the THz region for lack of suitable radiation sources. Advanced materials research has provided new and higher power sources, and interest in THz sensing and imaging has exploded as a result. Objects at room temperature emit thermal energy in the THz range that can be used to sense and image ob...

Picking particles faster than one at a time

...ectron beam has to be kept at low power to prevent radiation damage, so the signal-to-noise ratio is low and the particles are barely perceptible shapes in a field of gray. "It's hard to find good candidates even with an expert eye," says Adiga. "Having to choose hundreds of thousands of particles is a bottl...

Living taste cells produced outside the body

...r people who have lost their sense of taste due to radiation therapy or tissue damage, who typically lose weigh...elp people who have lost their sense of taste from radiation or diseases. Identification of factors that promote taste cell regeneration and growth may provide n...

Chemotherapy gel may fight breast cancer and reduce breast deformity

... who undergo surgery for breast cancer followed by radiation therapy often experience breast deformities that c...estin Convention Center in Pittsburgh. "Although radiation therapy is the standard treatment for breast cancer following surgery, it is expensive, time consumi...

Botox could help target resistant tumors for treatment

...erapy, providing an open door for chemotherapy and radiation treatments, according to a study published in the ...oxygenation temporarily." While chemotherapy and radiation treatments have remained the standard of care, tumor cells of most cancer types have shown increasin...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...er, M.D., Ph.D., a professor of dermatology and of radiation oncology in the U-M Medical School and the Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System. "It's as if you are pushing a shopping cart down the aisle at the grocery store and putting genes in your cart," Elder adds. "There are several different brands of each gene ...

Extinctions linked to climate change

...er levels of exposure of amphibian embryos to UV-B radiation in sunlight, and egg mortality in the western toad that approached 100 percent in some years, due to an opportunistic disease. In the current Nature article, researchers pointed to more examples. "The climate change in the Arctic and sub-Arctic has...

St. Jude projects 90 percent cure rate for ALL

...ans to reduce or avoid the use of certain drugs or radiation that can damage major organs or cause secondary cancers. "Our success reflects many years of dedication and research by an experienced team that have paid off substantially," said Ching-Hon Pui, M.D., director of the Leukemia/Lymphoma Division at St...

New test to detect rare proteins in blood

...n have a lumpectomy and are sometimes treated with radiation or chemotherapy, but despite this conventional therapy the cancer still can occasionally reoccur," says Greene. Detection of very early recurrence is important and Greene feels the power of this technology will facilitate recognizing early phases of ...

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