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Tag: "psychiatric" at biology news

Traumas like Sept. 11 make brains more reactive to fear

...0 miles away at the time; none of the subjects had psychiatric disorders. "We know that looking at fearful faces in normal adults tends to activate the amygdalae relative to looking at neutral faces," said Ganzel. "So we were looking to see if people who have had a very bad experience would have more response ...

Chemical maps hint at drug's effects on schizophrenia

...irect better treatment for schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions, say Duke University Medical Center res...s of the body's cellular processes -- to look at a psychiatric disease and its response to therapy, according to the researchers. "Doctors draw blood every day ...

A 'traffic light' for neurons means 'go' for improving brain research

...e if impairments in these dynamics underlie severe psychiatric symptoms," said National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director Elias A. Zerhouni. "The work is also a prime example of the highly innovative approaches to major challenges in biomedical research that we support through the NIH Director's Pioneer Award ...

The influence of the menstrual cycle on the female brain

... important step in better comprehension of certain psychiatric and neurological pathologies. The human brain has...ch as addictions and is also implicated in various psychiatric and neurological pathologies, such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenic disorders. Many studies ...

MIT: Pulsing light silences overactive neurons

...able very specific treatments for neurological and psychiatric diseases, with few or no side effects," said Edward Boyden, assistant professor in the Program in Media Arts and Sciences and leader of the Media Lab's new Neuroengineering and Neuromedia Group. Boyden and Media Lab research affiliate Xue Han publ...

Drug treatment improves learning in mice with Down syndrome symptoms, Stanford/Packard study shows

... activity profile mirrored that of some well-known psychiatric medications. "This suggests that it’s not just the removal of the excess inhibition that allows learning to occur, but that we’re instead strengthening synapses through some type of long-lasting neuronal adaptation," said Garner. A key componen...

New insights into autoimmunity and depression

...escribed a possible link between SLE’s most severe psychiatric manifestation, psychosis, and a protein autoantibody associated with the central nervous system, anti-ribosomal P. To investigate how an autoantibody could stimulate behavioral changes by interaction with the brain, researchers at Tel Aviv Univers...

Brain tissue reveals possible genetic trigger for schizophrenia

...ophrenia patients than in persons who were free of psychiatric illness. "In many genetic diseases, such as Hun...f people with schizophrenia and persons who had no psychiatric illness, the researchers found for the first time a significant difference in the microRNA expressio...

Genes and genius: Researchers confirm association between gene and intelligence

...y be in your genes. A team of scientists, led by psychiatric geneticists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, has gathered the most extensive evidence to date that a gene that activates signaling pathways in the brain influences one kind of intelligence. They have confirmed a link between ...

Gene linked with mental illness shapes brain region, researchers find

...d brains from 49 deceased people, with and without psychiatric illnesses. The brains were sliced thinly, the size... one or two SERT-l genes. Whether the person had a psychiatric disorder did not affect the size of the pulvinar. Dr. German cautioned, however, that the entire ...

Older fathers more likely to have autistic children

...y the draft board at age 17, during which time any psychiatric disorders were recorded. Dr. Reichenberg and colleagues obtained draft board information and the age of the father for 318,506 individuals; age of the mother was available for 132,271 of those. Two hundred and eight individuals in the larger group...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...ne of the participants had a history of medical or psychiatric illness, nor of drug addiction or dependence. The 7 female volunteers were not taking birth control pills and were scanned at the same point in their menstrual cycles. In addition to the differences in dopamine receptor activation in certain area...

Emotional control circuit of brain's fear response discovered

...ults suggest that it may be possible to understand psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety or depression, from the underlying neurophysiology ?workings of the brain. They accomplished this using an adapted version of an attention control test, and a neuroimaging machine that enables analysis of function in the ...

Smoking changes brain chemistry

...uced NAA levels have been reported for a number of psychiatric and mood disorders, including schizophrenia, dementia and bipolar disorder, as well as in cases of substance abuse, particularly alcohol dependence. Choline concentrations in the ACC were slightly lower in the smokers compared with the nonsmokers...

When nerve cells can't make contact

...stic patients. Autism is one of the most common psychiatric illnesses. Around 0.5 percent of all young children have a syndrome belonging to the "autistic spectrum". The main symptoms of this developmental malfunction are delayed language development or no language development at all, disturbed social behavio...

High dopamine transporter levels not correlated with ADHD

...of ADHD." ADHD is the most frequently recognized psychiatric disorder in children, with some 3 million children younger than 18 currently receiving treatment in the U.S. Yet the mechanism underlying this disorder and its treatment are still poorly understood. One prominent theory of ADHD is that there is a dys...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...sm and Parkinson's disease. For the first time, a psychiatric test for monitoring many human mental abnormalitie... used to monitor brain processes involved in human psychiatric disorders and also has been tailored to a few other animals. However, researchers previously had not...

New research examines genetics of successful aging

...susceptibility genes for cardiovascular disorders, psychiatric disorders and the accumulation of tissue damage due to oxidative stress. The results of the study also highlighted the detrimental effects of cigarette smoking, excessive drinking and serious mental disorders on successful aging in both sexes. "Th...

New HIV study identifies high-risk subgroups of adolescents

...sex) also had more mental health problems, such as psychiatric hospitalization or suicide attempts, than other st...significantly higher levels of substance abuse and psychiatric crises. “This may suggest that the influence of psychiatric problems, although certainly a risk fa...

Nobelist discovers antidepressant protein in mouse brain

...t of antidepressants, which has been implicated in psychiatric illnesses such as depression and anxiety disorders...the development of depression, anxiety and similar psychiatric illnesses thought to involve faulty serotonin receptors. To test this idea, the researchers examined...

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