Metacognition: Faced with a test, rats can check their knowledge first
... and, as the authors point out in their paper, may provide opportunities to study the neuroanatomical and molecular mechanisms that underlie metacognition. ...OHSU surgeon implants donated tissue allografts
...ons in our donor communities around the country to provide this special gift of donation that enhances the life of the recipient is central to the JRF mission. We are pleased to partner with CTS in Portland and others areas to benefit these communities," he said. JRF prepares and coordinates fresh osteoch...Bacterial walls come tumbling down
...sive drug target on the outer wall of bacteria may provide scientists with enough new information to aid design of novel antibiotics. The drugs are much needed to treat deadly infections initiated by Staphylococcus aureus and other bacterial pathogens. The research team, led by Natalie Strynadka, a Howard H...NIAID DNA vaccine for H5N1 avian influenza enters human trial
...le. "An effective H5N1 influenza vaccine would provide a potentially life-saving advance against a global...hether new technologies, such as DNA vaccines, can provide protection against such viruses. "This vaccine is aimed at newer strains of the H5N1 virus that c...How trees manage water in arid environments
... of Geography, is one of the scientists working to provide this understanding. Her research is primarily fund... rest of such semi-arid regions, and these forests provide relatively isolated conditions where scientists can get a clearer picture of what is happening to th...Fighting influenza & co. with 40,000 blood samples
...ly people. Studies with older mice are expected to provide further insights. For these, the University Clinic in Dijon is designing a corresponding animal model. The Belgian project partner RNA-Tec wants to test new approaches on the animals in order to coax maximum performance from the immune system of olde...3 proteins may play important role in nerve-cell repair
...cannot regenerate damaged axons. "Our findings provide additional evidence that cAMP plays an important role in axon growth and suggest that these receptors are likely to play a major role in regulating cAMP production in nerve cells," says Saeki, an associate professor of neurological surgery and chief ...Massive coral death attributed to earthquake
...s that occurs maybe once a century and promises to provide new insights into coral recovery processes that un... region can return to their previous condition and provide local communities with the resources they need to prosper. The recovery process will be enhanced by ...Common gene version optimizes thinking -- but with a possible downside
...hanced cortex connectivity with the striatum would provide increased flexibility, working memory capacity and executive control. But if other genes and environmental events conspire to render the cortex incapable of handling such information, it could backfire -- resulting in the neural equivalent of a super...A genetic 'gang of 4' drives spread of breast cancer
...e the lung tissue to grow there. "These findings provide a beautiful explanation for how the genes that we ... can massively execute the advantage the LMS genes provide them to metastasize to the lung." Massagué said he and his colleagues will explore in more detail ...New study challenges 'critical period' in childhood vision development
...sed sensory experience. The results of this study provide an argument for even late-stage blindness treatments and guide researchers towards an improved understanding of the complexities of the brain. ...Africa's first large-scale HIV vaccine study launches
...Additionally, the South African study is likely to provide important new data on how the test vaccine might work in a predominantly heterosexual HIV epidemic, how well the vaccine works in women, and whether the vaccine works in populations with pre-existing immunity to the viral vector used in the vaccine, ...Cocoa 'vitamin' health benefits could outshine penicillin
...amins. An increase in the number of vitamins would provide significant opportunity for nutritional companies to expand their range of products. Flavanols like epicatechin are removed for commercial cocoas because they tend to have a bitter taste. So there is huge scope for nutritional companies to develop ep...Research finds music training 'tunes' human auditory system
...pril issue of Nature Neuroscience, is the first to provide concrete evidence that playing a musical instrument significantly enhances the brainstem’s sensitivity to speech sounds. This finding has broad implications because it applies to sound encoding skills involved not only in music but also in language. ...A new study of living cells could revolutionize the way we test drugs
... The recognition of such electrical activity would provide a kind of ‘cellular cardiogram? allowing the daily functioning of the cell to be monitored in a similar way to a cardiograph showing the workings of a human heart. With funding from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), P...Gene elevating breast cancer risk also causes prostate cancer
... increased knowledge of underlying mechanisms will provide better conditions for cancer prevention, diagnostics and treatment," Winqvist says. ...Protein fragments sequenced in 68 million-year-old Tyrannosaurus rex
...ourse took the bait." Schweitzer readily agreed to provide T. rex bone samples. "She knew from our last collaboration that I was not going to stop until I found something," Asara said. At the outset, he faced two challenges. The first was to gather enough protein to sequence. The bone extract, sent by Sch......y drugs used to treat common fungal infections may provide the answer. Tuberculosis, or TB, is a highly cont...t it apart from most other bacteria and that could provide new targets for antibiotic drugs. "When we began looking at the bug and its DNA content in more d...Liver regeneration may be simpler than previously thought
...s not known how the liver does it, but our results provide some details of what makes the liver so unique." Although organ regeneration has been observed in many animals, the details of how it happens at the cellular level are still not completely understood. So far, scientists have shown that cells that......ociated subsistence agricultural activities and to provide wood energy for urban zones. The island, which is found off the eastern coast of Africa, remains one of the most critically threatened areas in the world, in terms of biodiversity. Madagascar has a higher level of endemism (with plants and animals fo...