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Tag: "proteins" at biology news

Common mechanisms for viral DNA replication

... initiate assembly of a complex of the full-length proteins on DNA. Interestingly, SV40 T-ag DNA-binding domains do not interact with one another when bound to DNA. In addition to describing the molecular details of the DNA–protein interactions and the alterations in protein structure induced by DNA binding, ...

Blocking immune cell action increases Alzheimer's-associated protein deposits

...the brain. Since CCR2 is known to bind chemokines, proteins that attract immune cells and are elevated in brains affected by Alzheimer's, the receptor could be important for the movement of microglia to the site of amyloid-beta deposits. To test that possibility, the investigators used a mouse model of Alzhe...

Reactivated gene shrinks tumors

...s include small molecules that restore mutated p53 proteins to a functional state, as well as gene therapy techniques that introduce a new copy of the p53 gene into tumor cells. One class of potential drugs now under investigation, known as nutlins, acts by interfering with MDM2, an enzyme that keeps p53 leve...

Williams College biologist explores photosynthetic apparatus

...as been found to be missing several genes encoding proteins associated with the biological apparatus crucial to photosynthesis and proteins that are critical in the acclimation response to specific environmental stresses." Ting's goal is...

Fruit fly gene research may shed light on human disease processes

...rent units of inheritance called genes, along with proteins that help to activate these genes under certain co...They do this to ensure that similar amounts of the proteins encoded on the X chromosomes are produced in each sex. Failure to properly count X chromosomes is l...

How fish conquered the ocean

...gs with the water of life ?the degradation of yolk proteins from one of the duplicated genes causes the eggs t...nce alignment study of the involved yolk genes and proteins as published in PLoS ONE". In the paper the authors (RN Finn & BA Kristoffersen) have used B...

A first glimpse of the influenza replication machine

...ity to generate a high-resolution image of the two proteins interacting with each other. The image revealed that mutations known to play a role in the transmission of avian influenza virus to mammals were located within, or close to, this site of interaction. This suggests that mutations may affect the effici...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

... microorganisms, or induce the bacteria to express proteins that are screened for capabilities such as vitamin production or antibiotic resistance. The Research Council report was requested by several federal agencies interested in the potential of metagenomics and how best to encourage its success. In pa...

Non-GMO solution to seafood allergies

... a promising step towards removing from prawns the proteins that cause an allergic response without resorting ...iation significantly reduced the level of reactive proteins called allergens. They took blood from patients with shrimp allergies, added samples of treated and ...

Scientists reveal structure of gateways to gene control

...n the DNA helix, allowing the cell's transcription proteins to find them more easily. "This arrangement makes sense, because when signaling proteins arrive at a control center they are well situated to help push the nucleosome out of the way so the ...

Brain tissue reveals possible genetic trigger for schizophrenia

...we find not mutated proteins, but correctly formed proteins in incorrect amounts," said study lead author and UNC professor of psychiatry Dr. Diana Perkins. The research appears this week in the online edition of the journal Genome Biology. "To our knowledge this study is the first to associate altered exp...

Reversing cancer cells to normal cells

...r less aggressive melanoma cells) contain specific proteins similar to those found in embryonic stem cells. This groundbreaking work led to the first molecular classification of malignant melanoma and may help to explain how, by becoming more like unspecialized stem cells, the aggressive melanoma cell gained...

Novel laboratory technique nudges genes into activity

... RNA to perturb the delicately balanced mixture of proteins that surround chromosomal DNA, proteins that control whether genes are turned on or off. Dr. David Corey, professor of pharmacology and ...

Major link in brain-obesity puzzle found

...he action and production of JAK2, unlike two other proteins that have been shown by other teams to reduce its activity. Carter-Su is a professor of molecular and integrative physiology and heads the biomedical research division of the Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center. In addition to revealin...

Cholera pathogen reveals how bacteria generate energy to live

...ese enzymes are significantly different from human proteins that do similar work, some of them might be targeted by novel antibiotics. "An inhibitor or drug would be specific," she said. "You could kill the bacteria without doing anything to the human host." But Barquera believes that the most important be...

Linking DNA and histone methylation

...Dr. Carey and colleagues detail that mammalian HP1 proteins facilitate this cooperation. They found that HP1 proteins, which bind to methylated histones, also interact with the DNA methyltransferase, DNMT1, to stimulate its DNA methylation activity. DNMT1, in turn, reinforced HP1 binding to methylated his...

Cancer cells forming blood vessels send their copper to the edge

...teractions of metal ions, such as copper, with the proteins and macromolecules that bind them in the cell must have very fluid dynamics themselves. ...

A sweet step toward new cancer therapies

...to assemblies of sugars called glycans attached to proteins on cancer cell surfaces as accomplices in the grow... molecules---to analyze proteins. In this process, proteins are introduced into the mass spectrometer and fragmented by heating until the weakest bonds break. "...

Virginia Tech's System X supercomputer provides super tool for simulation of cell division

...g and/or over-expressing the genes that encode the proteins of the regulatory network. The model has 143 parameters that need to be estimated from the data. "That is a big problem," said Watson. "You can't do that by hand. You can't even do it on a laptop. It takes a supercomputer." In fact, it required mo...

Molecular motors and brakes work together in cells

...ape, movement, and replication within cells -- use proteins that act as molecular motors and brakes to organize into their correct structure. If microtubules are not formed properly such basic functions as cell division and transport can go wrong, which may have implications in such disease processes as cance...

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