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Tag: "promotes" at biology news

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

...lammation. IL-1 beta, a signaling molecule that promotes brain inflammation, was one of the first molecules that scientists found in higher levels in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease compared to healthy people. It’s recognized as a critical player in bringing about much of the brain damage tha...

Australian wins prestigious prize in biodiversity informatics

...Internet. Sharing analytical software in this way promotes collaboration and cooperation among scientists and between scientists and policy-making agencies. Flemons understands the importance of the interplay between natural history collections data, visualization and analysis tools, and conservation dec...

Researchers identify protein pathway involved in Parkinson disease development

... normally protects cells from oxidative stress and promotes cell survival by regulating function of the protein TRAP1. When PINK1 is mutated, however, the protective TRAP1 pathway is disrupted, leading to mitochondrial damage. Other scientists recently have linked early onset Parkinson disease to mutation...

Why do oysters choose to live where they could be eaten?

... the evolution of a gregarious settlement cue that promotes group living in oysters. ...

Fat screen delivers plant-derived chemical with antidiabetic effects

...de "a second example of a small molecule that both promotes fat cell differentiation in vitro and improves glucose tolerance in vivo," Tontonoz's team concluded. The biological activities of harmine and TZDs underscore the fact that links between fat tissue and insulin resistance are complex and are likely to...

Blood sugar's manufacture limited by building blocks' supply

...found evidence that defective amino acid breakdown promotes the development of fasting hypoglycemia in the mutant animals by limiting the availability of a glucose substrate called pyruvate. Indeed, the mice had markedly reduced activity of genes that encode amino acid-degrading enzymes, the researchers sh...

Power-boosting signal in muscle declines with age

...lates glucose uptake, increases fat oxidation, and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis," he said. In the current study, the researchers set out to determine whether the declining mitochondrial function and increased intracellular fat content seen with aging could be traced back to deficiencies of AMPK. They ...

'Guardian of the genome' protein found to underlie skin tanning

...ues examined the section of the gene for POMC that promotes production of the protein, they found it meshed nicely with p53 ?suggesting that when p53 docks there, it revs up POMC production. Additional evidence came when the researchers exposed human and mouse keratinocytes to UV radiation: After six hours, l...

Putting an old drug to a new use

... but also too much iron can be detrimental as iron promotes the formation of toxic radicals leading to tissue damage. Iron overload is the consequence of one of the most common genetic disorders in Europe, hereditary hemochromatosis, which affects about one in 300 Europeans. Excess iron also accumulates after...

Researcher to study astronaut bone loss for space biology agency

... a chemical produced in bone and other organs that promotes the growth of bone and cartilage; IGF-1 receptor, ... beta-3 integrin, a protein that among other roles promotes the function of IGF-1 receptor. Long's and Bikle's hypothesis is that during prolonged weightles...

Active ingredient in common Chinese herb shown to reduce hypertension

...hen, a Chinese herb used in Oriental medicine that promotes blood flow and treats cardiovascular disease. Tanshinone IIA is an active ingredient of danshen. Since tanshinone IIA is widely available, a team of researchers has used it to investigate if this active ingredient can reduce blood pressure. In ...

Single molecule extends fat mice lives by reversing gene pathways associated with disease in obese

...ctivated kinase (AMPK), a metabolic regulator that promotes insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation. It's been shown in previous work that the lifespan of worms has been extended by the addition of copies the AMPK gene, and chronic activation of AMPK is seen on calorie-restricted diets. The researchers e...

Proteins necessary for brain development found to be critical for long-term memory

...brain chemical known as serotonin is released that promotes the formation of a long-term memory associated with the shocks. However, when Carew and his colleagues blocked the interaction between the BDNF-like growth factors and the TrkB receptors, they found that serotonin alone was not enough to retain the l...

Need to pull an all-nighter?

... the brain. However, one of the ways nitric oxide promotes sleep is by stimulating production of a signaling molecule called cyclic GMP, and it may be possible to achieve the same effect by using drugs that block cyclic GMP's breakdown, Rosenberg says. One surprise in the research was that the main messag...

A natural chemical found in strawberries boosts memory in healthy mice

...oms. The observations that fisetin protects and promotes survival of cultured neurons and boosts memory in healthy mice make it a promising candidate for further studies. Notes Maher, "This is the first time that the function of a defined natural product has been characterized at the molecular level in the...

Two-faced protein can stop metastasis or promote it, researchers say

...metastasis." Thus, p120 acts as a "rheostat" that promotes either stability when associated with E-cadherin or motility when it interacts with mesenchymal cadherins, he says. The investigators say that further research is needed to see if p120 functions the same way in living tissue as it does in laboratory...

Cardiologist's 'living chip' changes science of disease monitoring

...approach is integrating the cells in a matrix that promotes normal function and optimal monitoring." Both Berk's laboratory and that of researcher Keigi Fujiwara, Ph.D., will collaborate with Physiologic Communications on the technology. "21st Century medicine recognizes that individual patients respond dif...

Oldest animal fossils may have been bacteria

... of Hannover in Germany, showed that the bacterium promotes deposition of a mineral known as phosphorite. The fossils identified as eggs and embryos in 1998 came from southern China's Doushantuo Formation, which is rich in phosphorite. The source for the rare mineral was unknown. Bailey wondered if an anc...

Cancer stem cells linked to radiation resistance

...indings show one pathway in cancer stem cells that promotes the radiation resistance of glioblastomas," said Rich. "Treatments that target DNA damage checkpoint response in cancer stem cells may overcome the radiation resistance and eventually allow us to help even greater numbers of cancer patients." ...

Buildup of damaged DNA in cells drives aging

... strong evidence that failure to repair DNA damage promotes aging?a finding that was not entirely unexpected since DNA damage was already known to cause cancer. However, it shows how important it is to repair damage that is constantly inflicted upon our genes, even through the simple act of breathing." The...

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