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Tag: "programmed" at biology news

Bumble bees can estimate time intervals

...ensions so that most were made near the end of the programmed interval between rewards. When nectar was delivered after either of two different intervals, bees could often time both intervals simultaneously. This research shows that the biological foundations of time perception may be found in animals with rela...

Synthetic molecule causes cancer cells to self-destruct

...nto the executioner enzyme caspase-3 and initiates programmed cell death, called apoptosis. In cancer cells, however, the signaling pathway to procaspase-3 is broken. As a result, cancer cells escape destruction and grow into tumors. "We have identified a small, synthetic compound that directly activates proca...

It's not fair! We are programmed to resist weight loss

...nce." Dr King said our energy balance system was programmed to cope with famine, "not the current obesogenic environment which enforces inactivity and a plentiful food supply". He will present his findings at the Physical Activity and Obesity Satellite Conference of the International Congress on Obesity (IC...

Researchers find molecular 'brake' to cell death

...a cell to prevent it from undergoing apoptosis, or programmed cell death, and they say that optimal anti-cancer therapies should take a two-pronged approach to overriding this brake in order to force a tumor cell to die. Very few drugs do this now, they say. The discovery "demonstrates that apoptosis is more c...

Enzyme crystal structure reveals 'unexpected' genome repair functions

...ess of DNA repair, in turn activating apoptosis or programmed cell death when the repair process fails. "Because chemotherapeutic agents like the chemotherapy drug cisplatin and radiation therapy work by essentially damaging DNA, any new understanding of the DNA repair mechanism could mean potential improvement...

Retinol for combating leukemia cells

...rentiation and in cell proliferation. Clean and programmed death Two types of death occur in cells: necrosi...ands may develop correctly. This cellular death is programmed in the embryo genes and has a concrete function. This is apoptosis. All cells, in fact, have the ne...

Tumor cells that border normal tissue are told to leave

...ors eventually succumbed to the natural process of programmed cell death and were eliminated. According to Cagan, that was not unexpected. "In a tumor, probably 99.99 percent of the border cells are raining out of the edges and dying," Cagan says. "But as oncologists have found, cancer stems from an accumulati...

Lack of a key enzyme dramatically increases resistance to sepsis

... had similar levels of stress-induced apoptosis or programmed cell death. While caspase-12 was previously thought to be a key mediator of endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis, the new study found that the presence or absence of caspase-12 had no effect on apoptotic sensitivity whatsoever. Others authors of the stud...

Technique makes it easier to see mouse embryo in all its glory

...f conception, the mice under study are genetically programmed to develop tumors," Dr. Keller said. "Intentional disruption of specific genes can cause birth defects in the same mice, which teaches us important lessons about how these genes function in both cancer and development." He noted that disruption of a ...

Preclinical study of a new brain tumor therapy

...to protect mammalian cells from viruses, cells are programmed to die once they take up this particular nucleic acid. The treatment therefore eliminates the tumor cells but avoids damage to the normal brain tissue. The researchers found that the treatment was effective in mice implanted with human brain tumor ...

Eisai announces Phase II data on E7389, a potential new therapy for the treatment of breast cancer

... of new cancer cells and ultimately results in the programmed death of the existing cancer cells, a process known as apoptosis. ...

Group proves it's possible to grow new lung alveoli by growing new blood vessels

...ctor proteins went to work doing the job they were programmed to do. The results were striking: In microscopic images, the scientists have charted the growth of alveoli and lung capillaries. In a typically healthy lung, a complex network of capillaries encircles the alveoli. Oxygen flows from the lungs through...

Cord blood cells may widen treatment window for stroke

...lower, more orderly process known as apoptosis, or programmed cell death. "This delayed death would permit more time to deliver neuron-sparing treatments than originally thought," Dr. Willing said. The USF researchers continue to investigate the ways cord blood cells aid stroke recovery in animals, and will...

Phenotype is influenced by nature, nurture and noise

...type may be triggered by environmental factors, by programmed genetic instructions, or more subtly by built-in delays in biochemical pathways that generate oscillations, sometimes in 24-hour circadian periods. Hasty, graduate students Dmitri Bratsun and Dmitri Volfson, and post-doctoral fellow Lev. S. Tsimring ...

Molecular research suggest shift needed in how some drugs are created

... of a resemblance to proteins that are involved in programmed cell death. "It has been thought in the field that a death domain is a death domain, and molecular recognition takes place in the same fashion," said lead author Michael V. Lasker, an M.D./Ph.D. student in the College of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign...

Shorter colds, milder flu may follow from newly revealed immune mechanism

...i-apoptotic because they work against a process of programmed cell death called apoptosis. The CCL5-induced anti-apoptotic signals therefore help keep macrophages alive, which allows them to continue their job in the face of a viral onslaught. "CCL5's role is somewhat of a paradox," Holtzman says. "Ordinarily...

New technique multiplies life span in simple organisms

... If enough food is available, an organism might be programmed both to reproduce normally and to maximize its survival systems. Longo urged caution in extrapolating the result to humans. "We have been very successful with simple organisms," he said. "Naturally, mammals are complex, and it will be a great chall...

Bacterial protein mimics host to cripple defenses

...ants, animals, and people. That mechanism, called programmed cell death (PCD), causes a cell to commit suicide. PCD helps organisms contain infections, nip potential cancers in the bud, and get rid of old or unneeded cells. However, runaway PCD leads to everything from unseemly spots on tomatoes to Parkinson's...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

... chemical signals involved in a network leading to programmed cell death. ITER Lands in France: The struggle over the location of the world's first fusion reactor has ended -- the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) will be built at Cadarache in southern France and not in Rokkasho, Japan. O...

Seaweed yields new compounds with pharmaceutical potential

...esearchers -- killed human tumor cells by inducing programmed cell death (called apoptosis), a mechanism that is promising for development of new anti-cancer drugs, researchers noted. The findings on three of these compounds ? called diterpene-benzoate natural products -- are reported in the Oct. 12 online iss...

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