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Tag: "production" at biology news

Scientists ID molecular 'switch' in liver that triggers harmful effects of saturated and trans fats

...l signals. The result is an upsurge in the liver's production of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, the precursor of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (known as the "bad" form of cholesterol) and triglycerides ?another fatty substance ?that are secreted into the bloodstream. PGC-1beta bel...

Spleen may be source of versatile stem cells

...reatures like newtsregenerate a lost limb or tail, production of Hox11 is radicallyincreased.As reported in thei...system, development of which depends on thecorrect production of Hox11."We know that if you have a major loss of blood, the spleen is turnedon to supplement the b...

Columbia research lifts major hurdle to gene therapy for cancer

...ecules flip a switch (called PEG)that turns on the production of a cancer-inhibiting protein uniquely intumor cells.The researchers say the PEG switch can be exploited to produce genetherapies that will only kill cancer cells even if the therapy entersnormal cells.As an example, the researchers constructed an a...

Poor prenatal nutrition permanently damages function of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

... added. "The stage is set in two ways: low insulin production coupled with resistance to insulin -- a double whammy." Other researchers involved in the Joslin study included co-authors Jose C. Jimenez-Chillaron, Ph.D., Marcelino Hernandez-Valencia, M.D.; also Carolyn Reamer, Simon Fisher, M.D., Ph.D., Allison ...

Neuronal 'traffic jam' marks early Alzheimer's disease

...vicious cycle, the traffic jam also could increase production of an abnormal protein that clogs neurons, leading... mice that had been engineered to have an abnormal production of human A-beta peptide that produced Alzheimer's-like plaques and subsequent neural degeneration. ...

Inexpensive, mass-produced genes core of synthetic biology advances at UH

... as syntheticgenes could allow for development and production of safer, less toxicproteins that are currently used in disease treatment. It also couldallow for production of large molecules that do not occur naturally,but that are needed for new generations of vaccines a...

Inflammatory molecules released by pollen trigger allergies

... birch pollen and other common allergens block the production of a soluble protein by immune cells that normally inhibits allergic reactions. They went on to identify the compound in the pollen extracts that caused the inhibitory response and showed that it was similar to certain pro-inflammatory molecules prod...

Study finds more than one-third of human genome regulated by RNA

...ule called messenger RNA. MicroRNAs inhibitprotein production by associating themselves with particular messengerRNAs, thereby reducing the amount of protein that's ultimatelyproduced. In this study, the researchers determined which portion ofthe microRNA is most important for this process, and identifiedadditi...

Live Recombinant Adenovirus Vaccine Technique Explored

... “Viable adenovirus vaccine prototypes: High-level production of a papillomavirus capsid antigen from the major late transcriptional unit?include Michael Berg, Julie DiFatta and Egbert Hoiczyk of the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of ...

NYU researchers simulate molecular biological clock

...ule called messenger RNA. MicroRNAs inhibitprotein production by associating themselves with particular messengerRNAs, thereby reducing the amount of protein that's ultimatelyproduced. In this study, the researchers determined which portion ofthe microRNA is most important for this process, and identifiedadditi...

Antibiotic Resistant Bacterium Uses Sonar-like Strategy to “See?Enemies or Prey

...terium’s “detection?mechanism, should preventtoxin production and limit the severity of infection,?says MichaelGilmore, PhD, lead author of the study, and currently director ofresearch at the Schepens Eye Research Institute and professor ofophthalmology at Harvard Medical School. Gilmore and his team have spen...

Researchers reveal the infectious impact of salmon farms on wild salmon

...aching," says lead author Marty Krkosek. "Sea lice production from the farm we studied was four orders of magnitude - 30,000 times - higher than natural. These lice then spread out around the farm. Infection of wild juvenile salmon was 73 times higher than ambient levels near the farm and exceeded ambient level...

Solution to Pollution: New Bacteria Eats Toxic Waste

...esidues, in Poland to renew soils for agricultural production and in the Netherlands to clean up sediments dredged from canals and waterways. “I want to congratulate the Utah State team on the funding for this project,?said Joop Harmsen, senior scientist at Alterra Research Center and Wageningen University in t...

Scientists collaborate to assess health of global environment

...ers decide whether the benefits of increasing food production will outweigh the effects on water quality and biodiversity by giving them the information they need to make tough decisions. A substantial body of work addressing specific aspects of the assessment will follow this month's release of the global syn...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

... as carbon sequestration, phytoremediation, or the production of bio-fuels -- could also use functional imaging to help track their progress. In the New Phytologist study, the scientists asked how plants deal with an external stress, such as an insect attack. "We know that plants respond defensively to attacks...

Plant hemoglobins: Oxygen handlers critical for nitrogen fixation

...Plant Physiology have succeeded in eliminating the production of symbiotic hemoglobins in nodules of the model legume Lotus japonicus, enabling researchers to assess for the first time the role and importance of these proteins in plants. The results of the study indicate that symbiotic hemoglobins are important...

Researchers discover molecule that causes secondary stroke

...st be exposed to powerful oxidizers that cause the production of significant amounts of the BOXes. The correlation between elevated BOXes, bilirubin and oxidative stress in this study, she says, was "striking." The researchers point out that although their findings are encouraging in terms of developing a diag...

Amino acids in nectar enhance butterfly fecundity: A long awaited link

...evolutionary link between costly nectar amino acid production by plants, nectar preferences of and fitness benefits to butterflies. This article by Jovanne Mevi-Schütz and Andreas Erhardt will appear in the April 2005 issue of The American Naturalist. ...

Ants Genetic Engineering Leads To Species Interdependency

...vel of biological organization - in this case, the production ofworker ants for both species. Millionsof years before the first modern humans evolved, ants were practicingmany of the social innovations we consider to be our own: division oflabor, agriculture, and even slavery.Indeed, these traits have been tak...

Gene Therapy For Parkinson's Disease Moves Forward In Animals

...d transferred a gene to provide a source of L-dopa production into the animals' striata. Before receiving the treatment, all animals had limited use in their left paws. After treatment, the animals receiving the therapeutic enzyme mixture show complete recovery in their paws. Researchers say not only did the ra...

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