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Tag: "producing" at biology news

Batten down the hatches against HIV

... the T-cell to be shut off. The T-cell then strops producing these receptors and the virus cannot find any points of attack on the surface of the cell. This could significantly slow down an HIV infection, as previous work have shown. But how to get the RNA fragments into the T-cells? The shells of nonpathog...

Living with water scarcity -- world must act now

...he Indus in India and Pakistan ?all important food producing areas ?dry up because of the water needed for irri...t, we need to consider agriculture as an ecosystem producing multiple services for people and sustain biodiversity, and we need to protect the natural resource b...

Making mice with enhanced color vision

...of one receptor gene, located on the X chromosome, producing two different receptor types. Present-day New World (South American) monkeys still use this system, which means that in these monkeys only certain females can acquire trichromatic color vision. In contrast, among Old World (African) primates su...

Leukemic cells find safe haven in bone marrow

...the gene for ASNS was more than 20 times active in producing this enzyme in mesenchymal cells than in ALL cells. Experiments performed by co-authors Shotaro Iwamoto, M.D., and Keichiro Mihara, postdoctoral fellows in Campana’s laboratory, demonstrated that ALL cells from different patients became much more...

Scientists produce neurons from human skin

...sité Laval’s Faculty of Medicine have succeeded in producing neurons in vitro using stem cells extracted from a...owing the start of the experiment, the cells began producing markers and molecules associated with the transmission of nerve impulse between neurons. "This sugge...

Scientists re-grow dental enamel from cultured cells

...pproaches. Although there has been some success in producing enamel-like and tooth-like tissues, problems remain to be solved before the technology comes close to being tested in humans. One of the issues has been how to produce, in culture, sufficient numbers of enamel-forming cells. Today, during the 85thth...

Scientists unravel clue in cortisol production

...understanding how cortisol is made is essential to producing medications that can alter its production. Scientists at the Georgia Institute of Technology have discovered an important step in cortisol production, finding that although the output of the hormone is continuous, the molecular production is cyclic ...

Meeting the ethanol challenge: Scientists use supercomputer to target cellulose bottleneck

... how to digest cellulose, but the human process of producing ethanol from cellulose remains slow and expensive. The central bottleneck is the sluggish rate at which the cellulose enzyme complex breaks down tightly bound cellulose into sugars, which are then fermented into ethanol. To help unlock the cellulose...

Engineering the heart piece by piece

... level. This can then encourage the cells to begin producing the kinds of molecules needed to signal to and connect with other cells, and to produce the extracellular matrix that supports cells in tissue. The U-M Artificial Heart Laboratory has teamed up with a commercial partner to develop a novel perfusi...

With cellulosic ethanol, there is no food vs. fuel debate according to MSU scientist

... computer modeling, to study the sustainability of producing biofuels ?fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel that are made from renewable resources. Dale will present his findings today at the American Chemical Society annual meeting in Chicago. "We grow animal feed, not human food in the United States," D...

Minuscule molecules pack a powerful punch

...fection by bacteria than mice with normal miR-155, producing lower levels of antibody and a reduced response by T-cells. They also develop changes to lung tissue, with scarring that is similar to some human systemic autoimmune disorders. To uncover how miR-155 might cause such widespread disruption of the i...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...diating oil spills, enhancing crop production, and producing biofuels. Historically, microbiology focused on the study of individual species of organisms that could be grown in a laboratory and examined under a microscope, but most of the life-supporting activities of microbes are carried out by complex com...

Vaccine to cope with viral diversity in HIV

...mmune pressures contributes to our difficulties in producing a vaccine. David Nickle et al present here an efficient algorithm to develop vaccines that cope with the diversity of HIV or other variable pathogens. This computational method clarifies and analyzes the variation found in the strains of the virus b...

Scientists reveal structure of gateways to gene control

...at shapes the gene's architecture in the same way, producing the same structure in every gene," Pugh said. The overall sequence of DNA building blocks is different in each gene, but the underlying architecture is the same." To obtain their high-resolution map, the researchers first isolated 322,000 nucleos...

Music genes and musical geniuses

...ell as potential treatments based on listening and producing music? The idea of combining music and genetics in a single event grew up within the European Genetics Foundation, on initiative of Professor Giovanni Romeo, medical geneticist at the University of Bologna: “We realized how music is in itself an e...

Microbes compete with animals for food by making it stink

...crobes may compete with large animal scavengers by producing repugnant chemicals that deter higher species from consuming valuable food resources -- such as decaying meat, seeds and fruit, a new study suggests. Ecologists have long recognized microbes as decomposers and pathogens in ecological communities. B...

Unique gene regulation gives chilly bugs survival advantage at bottom of the world

The larvae of Antarctic midges never stop producing special proteins that minimize environmental stres... about their business of feeding and growing while producing their stress proteins." The Antarctic midge is barely bigger than a grain of rice, but it's still ...

Genetically engineered blood protein can be used to split water into oxygen and hydrogen

...may provide a more environmentally friendly way of producing hydrogen, which can be used as a 'green' fuel." ...

Vaccine-producing 'plant-factories'

... for storing proteins. However, it is incapable of producing glycosylate proteins. The newly discovered route connects the cell organ where the proteins are glycosylated, the reticulum, with the chloroplasts. This discovery signifies the first step in the development of plants and algae that accumulate in t...

Molecular 'marker' on stem cells aids research, perhaps therapies

...al biomaterial-based scaffolding, with the goal of producing soft tissue for reconstruction or augmentation, or to shore up bones left fragile by age or disease. “With a purer cell population, you should have a more effective therapy,?Dr. Perlingeiro said. The SSEA-4 molecule was known to be on the surfac...

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