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Tag: "produces" at biology news

Newly identified mechanism for silencing genes points to possible anti-cancer strategies

... mechanism that blocks the cellular machinery that produces protein from messenger RNA." In earlier studies, Shiekhattar identified a three-molecule complex known as RISC and showed that it plays a vital role in generating microRNAs. In the current study, Shiekhattar and his colleagues extended those studi...

Researchers wake up viruses inside tumors to image and then destroy cancers

...hese cancers, and use the thymidine kinase it then produces to enable us to see the virus-associated tumors with radiolabeled FIAU." The researchers screened 2,700 agents until they hit upon Velcade, a targeted chemotherapy drug already approved for use in multiple myeloma. "We were both surprised and luck...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

...ss breakdown are turned on in a microorganism that produces valuable ethanol from materials like grass and cor...ot of that particular noodle." C. thermocelllum produces low levels of many of its enzymes at any one time. When the bacterium comes in contact with wood, fo...

Natural antibiotics yield secrets to atom-level imaging technique

...ane environment, Ramamoorthy said. "Just as an MRI produces a detailed image of our internal organs, solid-state NMR spectroscopy is used to construct a detailed image of a peptide or protein and to reveal how it sits in the cell membrane," providing clues for modifications that might make synthetic AMPs even...

Heart failure: Intervention possibilities from imaging programmed cell loss

... said Hofstra. They then used nuclear imaging that produces three-dimensional computer-reconstructed images to reveal information about both structure and function to measure the amount of annexin A5 absorbed. Annexin A5 bound to the damaged heart muscle. "We discovered that higher uptake was uptake with a wo...

Blood sugar's manufacture limited by building blocks' supply

...ho have too much glucose, partly because the liver produces more than necessary," Jain said. "Their glucose sensor is off. If you attenuate KLF15 in the liver, you might limit glucose production." Gray said she plans to further explore the underlying mechanisms involved in KLF15's glucose regulation and...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

...d Hessian fly genes that nullify toxins that wheat produces to protect itself from the munching larvae. The researchers report their findings in the Feb. 6 issue of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Richard Shukle, a USDA-ARS entomologist and Purdue adjunct assistant professor, i...

Need oxygen? Cells know how to spend and save

...urs when the sensor turns on yet another gene that produces an enzyme to specifically chew up COX4-1. Engineering human cells to lack this enzyme and subjecting them to low oxygen, the scientists found the cells unable to rid themselves of COX4-1. "It's remarkable that the one-celled yeast also swap COX s...

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway

... and Gram-positive organisms. Once activated, Nod1 produces a number of responses that include activation of intracellular signaling pathways, cytokine production and apoptosis or programmed cell death. Despite the fact that various models of Nod1 activation have been described, little has been known about ot...

New details on how the immune system recognizes influenza

...gnized by B cells, a type of white blood cell that produces infection-fighting antibodies. Antibodies induced by seasonal and pandemic flu viruses or vaccines are a major component of immunity that protects against these viruses. Strains of influenza virus can vary enough in their neutralizing B cell epit...

Scientists learn the origin of rogue B cells

... intended. "What happens is that, if the body ever produces a cell with a self-reactive antibody molecule, that cell will get arrested in development at the point where it is actually combining and creating an antibody receptor," says Rafael Casellas, Ph.D., an investigator in NIAMS's Genomic Integrity and Im...

Researchers find gene mutation that causes infertility in male mice

... key protein involved in meiosis, the process that produces sperm and egg cells for reproduction. These sex cells contain only one set of chromosomes that combine during conception and create an embryonic cell with two chromosome sets, one from each parent. The mutation leads to a change in an amino acid in...

A new study of living cells could revolutionize the way we test drugs

...called ions across their cell membranes. This flow produces an electrical current that could, in principle, be detected with sensitive enough equipment. The recognition of such electrical activity would provide a kind of ‘cellular cardiogram? allowing the daily functioning of the cell to be monitored in a sim...

Scientists discover new, readily available source of stem cells

...r cells were able to secrete urea, which the liver produces from ammonia. The potential to generate a broad range of mature cell types is why many scientists believe stem cells have promise to replace damaged cells and tissue in conditions such as spinal cord injuries, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and str...

Vasectomy may put men at risk for type of dementia

...ecognizes the sperm as invading foreign agents and produces anti-sperm antibodies in 60 to 70 percent of men. Weintraub said these antibodies might cross the blood-brain-barrier and cause damage resulting in dementia. "There are other neurological models of disease which you can use as a parallel," Weintra...

Researchers discover gene crucial for nerve cell insulation

... During this study, the scientists found that EGR2 produces a protein that activates several other genes necessary for myelin production. Some of these genes contain the information needed to make peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP-22) and myelin protein zero (MPZ). MPZ is the most abundant protein in myelin...

Wheat can fatally starve insect predators

A newly identified wheat gene produces proteins that appear to attack the stomach lining of a crop-destroying fly larvae so that the bugs starve to death. The gene's role in creating resistance to Hessian flies was a surprise to U.S. Department of Agriculture and Purdue University resea...

University of Alberta researchers unravel intricate animal patterns

...xt one to turn, then the next one, and so on. This produces the complex collective behaviours--swarm formation, zig-zag group movements--that emerge from the ‘bottom up? simply based on interactions between neighbors." Until Eftimie’s work, these complex emergent patterns could not be connected clearly to ...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...ies But instead of whole genomes, metagenomics produces a whole grab bag of bits and pieces for which scientists have to develop new methods to extract meaning. In one of the papers, an array of scientists, spearheaded by first author Shibu Yooseph, Ph.D., and his colleagues at the Craig Venter Institute,...

Tracing broken wiring in stroke patients

...que for studying how disruption in brain circuitry produces behavioral symptoms. Maurizio Corbetta and colleagues reported their findings in the March 15, 2007 issue of the journal Neuron, published by Cell Press. The researchers used "functional connectivity" MRI (FC MRI) to examine connections between a...

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