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Tag: "produced" at biology news

Growing nerve cells in 3-D dramatically affects gene expression

...researchers repeated the experiments but this time produced multiple copies of eight genes specifically linked to cell growth. Those experiments confirmed the differences in gene activity. Hoffman-Kim and her team deployed high-powered microscopes to detect other differences. Cells cultured in 3-D had a ro...

Hives ferment a yeasty brew, attract beetle pest

... hives. The researchers found that this yeast only produced IPA when it grew on pollen. Even pollen substitute...f domestic honeybees, small hive beetles and yeast produced IPA leads to combs so messy that the bees eventually decide to abandon the hive, leaving the beetle ...

Danish researches solve virus puzzle

...g the RNA and read the code for the proteins to be produced to fulfill the needs of the living cell. The task of the ribosomes is to read the code of the host cell, but the virus has the special trick that its RNA resembles that of the host cell, and hence, the ribosomes of the host cell will start reading th...

To sleep, perchance to dream: New insight into melatonin production

...natural sleep/wake cycles. Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain, which helps to regulate our bodies' circadian rhythm (the roughly-24-hour cycle around which basic physiological processes proceed). Normally, melatonin production is inhibited by light and enhanced by darkness, usua...

Leukemia drug turns mini-molecules up, cancer genes down

...s over-active in many kinds of cancer. The protein produced by this gene blocks the normal process of cell death and helps keep cancer cells alive long after they should have died. The remaining miRNA molecule, let-7, lowered the activity of the Ras oncogene, an important cancer-causing gene. (Oncogenes a...

Researchers wake up viruses inside tumors to image and then destroy cancers

...ause researchers know its "sister" kinase, the one produced by the herpes simplex virus, can be imaged by an injected radiolabeled chemical (FIAU), which can then be imaged using a gamma camera. "To perform molecular-genetic imaging, we have always had to infect cells with active herpes simplex virus so t...

Natural antibiotics yield secrets to atom-level imaging technique

...cs called antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are produced by virtually all animals, from insects to frogs to...us membranes and other surfaces. They're copiously produced in injured or infected frog skin, for instance, and the linings of the human respiratory and gastroi...

Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells

... advanced genetic techniques, the researchers have produced mice with fluorescent protein markers that identify only the mitochondria in neurons. These structures light up with a greenish-yellow glow when the scientists look at the brains of these mice through a fluorescent microscope. The researchers have de...

Investigating the measles virus as a tool to kill multiple myeloma

...e sodium iodide symporter (NIS) protein. NIS is produced by the thyroid where it attracts and concentrates iodine. This characteristic of the NIS protein can be exploited as a target in cancer therapy because it can concentrate radioactive iodine, thus providing a way to selectively irradiate cancer cells,...

Scientists identify pancreatic cancer stem cells

...ts," Simeone said. The purported cancer stem cells produced a diverse mixture of cells, some of which are not cancerous, that reflected an actual human pancreatic tumor, she said. The markers that define the highly aggressive pancreatic cancer subtype are not identically matched to those found in aggressiv...

Biodiesel study targets cleaner air, cleaner engines

...omic benefits to Canadians, since biodiesel can be produced from local, renewable resources. Biodiesel is a renewable fuel made from locally available sources, including animal fats and plant oils such as soybean, sunflower and canola. During normal farm field work, a research team from Agriculture and A...

Noise echoes in cell communications

... says a team of Rutgers-Camden professors who have produced a mathematical explanation for the benefits of noise. Their findings could lead to major improvements in hearing aid technology. Dawei Hong, an assistant professor of computer science, Joseph Martin, a professor of biology, and William Saidel, an as...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

...ounds, also called reactive oxygen species, can be produced either by the plant or within the Hessian fly larval digestive system. These poisons then disrupt the insects' gut function. "The larvae probe the plant to open a sustained feeding site," said Jonathan Neal, a Purdue entomologist and another ...

Need oxygen? Cells know how to spend and save

...he tiny powerhouses found in every cell, energy is produced by passing electrons through a series of relay stations called cytochromes until they eventually join with oxygen to form water. This final step is directed by the protein cytochrome coxidase, or COX for short. If electrons react with oxygen before ...

Arsenic in chicken feed may pose health risks to humans, C&EN reports

...about 70 percent of the 9 billion broiler chickens produced annually in the U.S. are fed a diet containing roxarsone, the article points out. Complicating the issue is the fact that no one knows the exact amount of arsenic found in chicken meat or ingested by consumers who frequently eat chicken. “Neither...

Horse genome assembled

...dition to sequencing the horse genome, researchers produced a map of horse genetic variation using DNA samples from a variety of modern and ancestral breeds, including the Akel Teke, Andalusian, Arabian, Icelandic, Quarter, Standardbred and Thoroughbred. This map, comprised of 1 million signposts of variation...

'Marathon mice' elucidate little-known muscle type

...man said. In the current study, the researchers produced mice with higher than normal levels of the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1â in their skeletal muscles. Transcriptional coactivators work with other cellular factors and machinery to control the activity of other genes. While earlier studies had fou...

Bypassing eggs, flu vaccine grown in insect cells shows promise

...lies on a different technology is capable of being produced in large amounts much more quickly, a key advantage if a bird flu pandemic were to occur. “Eggs can be very cumbersome to work with,?said John Treanor, M.D., the flu expert at the University of Rochester Medical Center who led the study of 460 peo...

Stress may help cancer cells resist treatment, research shows

...e print issue. Levels of epinephrine, which is produced by the adrenal glands, are sharply increased in response to stressful situations and can remain continuously elevated during persistent stress and depression, according to previous research. The goal of the current study was to determine whether ther...

Scientists uncover link between ocean's chemical processes and microscopic floating plants

...s of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and chloroiodomethane, produced by phytoplankton in ocean water, were measured. "In the atmosphere, DMS is rapidly oxidized to sulfur dioxide, which can form sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere," said Wingenter. These aerosols can act as nuclei for cloud formation. Increased cloud...

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