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Tag: "produced" at biology news

New research shows sharks use their noses and bodies to locate smells

...ith one or the other flavored with food odor. This produced four separate smell targets for the sharks to locate. "In addition, we also tested the sharks under two light conditions – fluorescent and infrared – and in two sensory conditions – with their lateral lines intact or lesioned by streptomycin," ex...

New study suggests potential for a broadly-protective HIV vaccine

...ectivity of a variety of HIV-1 strains. Antibodies produced as a result of immunization neutralized all 48 strains of HIV-1 tested. The results are encouraging for vaccine development, because they showed that it is possible to elicit a broad-spectrum antibody response....

A cherry on top: Tart cherries may alter heart/diabetes factors

...lity to neutralize damaging free radical molecules produced in the body during metabolism. The rats that received cherries had higher antioxidant capacity, indicating lower oxidative stress in their bodies, than those that did not. In addition to blood measures, the researchers measured the level of fat in...

Machine preservation may promote more organ sharing

... called creatinine. Levels of creatinine, which is produced by muscle, are used to determine kidney function. The current study included 120 ECD kidney transplants -- 95 kidneys were preserved with machine and 25 with simple cold storage preservation techniques. Despite the fact that the machine-pres...

Gene malfunctions cause schizophrenia, depression symptoms in mice

...mical abnormalities in the function of the protein produced by the DISC1 gene. The researchers concluded that the different effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs on the two mutant strains "might provide clues to effective medications for these patient groups. Indeed, these mice could represent ...

Why do oysters choose to live where they could be eaten?

...ries of experiments examining the feeding currents produced by adult oysters and how larvae actively settle on reefs helped solved the puzzle. Oyster feeding currents are actually very weak, so while they will readily eat larvae if captured, settling larvae are just not captured very often. In fact, when a co...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...nsect. To test their findings, the researchers produced a mutant Photorhabdus that is unable to make ST. Without ST, the bacteria were less virulent. The researchers then used a technique known RNA interference to prevent the insects from producing the phenoloxidase enzyme. These insects were more suscept...

Nitric oxide: Key to cardiovascular and pulmonary function and drug effectiveness

...fectiveness over time. Nitric oxide is a molecule produced by the body that controls many functions, including the contraction or dilation of blood vessels. New experiments conducted by Duke University Medical Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers have shown that specialized forms of nitr...

Brain's white matter -- More 'talkative' than once thought

...rprise, OPCs were found to have electrical signals produced by the neurotransmitter glutamate, similar to the signals used as the principle means of cell-to-cell communication and information processing in the gray matter. The phenomenon was unlikely, they said, because in the mouse brain, OPCs in the myelin-...

Targeting sugar on blood vessels may inhibit cancer growth

... angiogenesis. An antibody drug called Avastin, produced by Genentech, has been shown to block a major pro-angiogenesis molecule called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thus inhibiting the growth of vasculature. The drug has been used along with chemotherapy in humans to successfully inhibit the...

Students invent protective pouch to enhance cell therapy

...cells and circulate the proteins, such as insulin, produced by these cells. The project is important because it could lead to better results from cellular therapy, in which live cells are injected to repair or replace damaged or depleted tissue. "It’s a device," Bulte said, "that allows the microcapsules t...

Genetic roots of bipolar disorder revealed by first genome-wide study of illness

... a new study shows. However, targeting the enzyme produced by one of these genes could lead to development of new, more effective medications. The research was conducted by scientists at the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), with others from the Universities of Heid...

Egyptians, not Greeks were true fathers of medicine

...use today, albeit that the active component is now produced synthetically," said Dr Campbell. "Other ingredients endure and acacia is still used in cough remedies while aloes forms a basis to soothe and heal skin conditions." Fellow researcher Dr Ryan Metcalfe is now developing genetic techniques to inv...

Diminishing dinosaur steps saved by laser and laptop

...chool of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental have produced an interactive 3D model of a quarry face covered in thousands of tracks made by the late Cretaceous dinosaurs, including sauropods and possibly predatory theropod dinosaurs. The portable system, which is powered by a battery, works by rotating and...

Percutaneous aortic valve replacement safe, successful in high-risk patients

...oth B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-BNP), a protein produced by the ventricles of the heart during heart failure, and New York Heart Association (NHYA) classification. After the procedure, patients were ranked in NYHA class II, on average, suggesting most were able to engage in a moderate level of activity bef...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

...New York's Hudson River. Details of acoustic noise produced by ship traffic will be presented by Heui-Seol Roh. The measurements may provide a basis for developing systems that can detect underwater threats. Brian Borowsky will present an estimation of the distances at which threats can be detected (2pEA6; c...

Herpes infection may be symbiotic, help beat back some bacteria

... confer resistance. The protective effect could be produced by two different mouse herpes viruses. "We have a good feel for who the main players are in this protective effect, but we need further research to better understand the exact mechanisms that underlie the process," Virgin says. He suspects that...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...ave reportedly decreased the total amount of virus produced during early infection, caused a reduction in viru... levels following the acute stage of infection, or produced some combination of these effects. In many of these animals, disease progression was also delayed. ...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...uman islet amyloid polypeptide), which is normally produced by the same cells that make insulin. An unknown trigger prompts the protein to fold into sharp fibers that poke holes in pancreatic cells, killing them. Though scientists already have a good idea of the healthy "before" and dangerous "after" hI...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

...mine generators (dopaminergics) in brain cells has produced improvement in the symptoms in Parkinson's, accord...ack substance. As is known, Parkinson's disease is produced as a result of the loss of 50% of the cells of the black substance (the brain stem structure) that m...

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