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Tag: "produced" at biology news

Genetic surprise confirms neglected 70-year-old evolutionary hypothesis

...ated the species, but after a few nudges the flies produced what Masly was looking for--a sterile male. This is when Dobzhansky's 70-year-old hypothesis nearly died for good. The reigning theory of speciation says that the genes causing hybrid sterility must have diverged slowly by normal evolutionary chang...

Novel vaccine shows promise against early-stage breast cancer

... new meaning in the past 10 years, as research has produced a host of new therapies and detection techniques, significantly improving long-term survival for women who have been fighting the disease. To build on these successes, researchers are now harnessing what they have learned about treating breast cance...

Protein splicing upsets the DNA colinearity paradigm

...tends the number of antigenic peptides that can be produced from a single protein, and therefore widens the applicability of peptide vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases....

University of Iowa scientists explore function of 'junk DNA'

... DNA. In 1998, scientists discovered that some DNA produced small pieces of non-coding RNA that could turn off, or silence, genes. This discovery won Andrew Fire and Craig Mello the 2006 Nobel Prize for medicine or physiology. Since their discovery, the field has exploded and small, non-coding RNAs have been ...

From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new insights into the secret lives of archaea

... inundated with hydrothermal vents that eventually produced a gold deposit in what is now modern Ontario. In another AGU presentation, Roger Summons of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology will report on the discovery of novel organic compounds recently extracted from the lipids of contemporary archae...

Scientists discover toxin that causes gastro disease

... illnesses, including food poisoning. The toxin, produced by certain strains of E. coli bacteria, has been found to be responsible for an outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome, a dangerous disease that causes acute kidney failure, in South Australia in 1998. The research team was led by Dr Adrienne Pa...

An advanced genetic diagnostic method for multiple myeloma

...rlier stages. The dissertation of this biologist, produced in the Department of Genetics of the School of Sciences of the University of Navarra, and in the Institute of Human Genetics of the University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, en Kiel (Germany), is oriented towards the study of the genetic base of thi...

HIV gets a makeover

...to get around the second obstacle: APOBEC proteins produced by a host normally cause invading viruses to mutate so much that they can't survive, but HIV-1 uses a protein called Vif to destroy APOBEC and prevent the attack. Monkey APOBEC proteins, however, aren't susceptible to the human virus's Vif. So Hatzii...

Embryonic patterning makes the feathers fly

...e, or MAPK, pathway. Manipulating the MAPK pathway produced a wide repertoire of feather patterning, from spots, to stripes, to homogenous patches, all reflecting varying degrees of inhibited feather bud segregation. Stripes, for example, increased with higher inhibitor dosage and earlier times of administrat...

Key gene controlling kidney development found

...nd were non-functional at birth. In addition, they produced an abnormal excess in the number of nephrons that in turn produced a useless mass of tissue. Furthermore, the remaining precursor cells underwent apoptosis (cell suici...

'Conversation stoppers' fight deadly bacterial infections

...abinoid signaling. Endocannabinoids are naturally produced substances similar to the active ingredient D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in marijuana. Cannabinoid receptors were first discovered in 1988; the first endocannabinoid, anandamide, which shares some of the pharmacologic properties of THC, was identifi...

T for two: Scientists show how immune system chooses best way to fight infection

...appears online in the journal Nature. T cells are produced by the body to fight infection. Scientists previously identified two types of T cell, both produced in the thymus: "effector T cells", which attack infected cells, and "regulatory T cells", which supp...

Nanotechnology propels advances in regenerative medicine research

...abinoid signaling. Endocannabinoids are naturally produced substances similar to the active ingredient D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in marijuana. Cannabinoid receptors were first discovered in 1988; the first endocannabinoid, anandamide, which shares some of the pharmacologic properties of THC, was identifi...

Regulating the nuclear architecture of the cell

... another pathway, that of RNA interference (RNAi), produced related results. One way RNAi works is by unleashing the Dicer-2 enzyme to chop strands of RNA into short lengths, which can degrade messenger RNA and prevent gene expression. Karpen explains that "the RNAi pathway is a sort of immune system aga...

Brown seaweed contains promising fat fighter, weight reducer

...abinoid signaling. Endocannabinoids are naturally produced substances similar to the active ingredient D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in marijuana. Cannabinoid receptors were first discovered in 1988; the first endocannabinoid, anandamide, which shares some of the pharmacologic properties of THC, was identifi...

Study shows enzyme builds neurotransmitters via newly discovered pathway

...abinoid signaling. Endocannabinoids are naturally produced substances similar to the active ingredient D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in marijuana. Cannabinoid receptors were first discovered in 1988; the first endocannabinoid, anandamide, which shares some of the pharmacologic properties of THC, was identifi...

Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world

...oping countries. Already regenerative medicine has produced a skin substitute (Apligraf), a bone regenerating therapy (Osteocel) and other medical breakthroughs. An eye institute in India (L.V. Prasad) has used adult stem cell therapy to repair the corneas of over 125 blind patients; an estimated 60% of blin...

Hormone linked to brain's cravings for food and other energy sources

Ghrelin, a hormone produced in the stomach, induces food intake and operates through a brain region that controls cravings for food and other energy sources, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the October 19 online issue of The Journal of Clinical Investigation. ...

Molecular 'signature' protects cells from viruses

...ample, RNA chains with a triphosphate end could be produced and fed into cancer cells. This could also trigger an anti-viral immune response. 'Our findings are also important for gene therapy,' Professor Hartmann stresses. 'Before we attempt to cure diseases by introducing genetic material, we ought to unders...

Engineer ramps up protein production, develops versatile viral spheres

...for the first time how glucose, the abundant sugar produced by photosynthesis and used in many organisms, can ...,supported by Merck & Co., Inc., have not only produced capsids cell-free for the first time, but also have attached uniquely reactive amino acids to the ca...

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