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Tag: "processes" at biology news

UCSB scientists probe sea floor venting to gain understanding of early life on Earth

...." The direct linkages between life and planetary processes on the volcanically active, deep-sea, mid-ocean ridge system can only be understood through tightly integrated studies across a broad range of disciplines in geophysics, geology, chemistry, biology, and oceanography, according to the NSF. For this s...

UAB scientists discover the origin of a mysterious physical force

...nt in which most physical, chemical and biological processes take place. Therefore, it is essential to understa...hese processes. Two of the most important of these processes are the adherence of substances to cell membranes and the withdrawal of proteins. Both of these are ...

Enzyme, lost in most mammals, is shown to protect against UV-induced skin cancer

... and (6-4)photoproducts(6-4PPs) ?contribute to the processes of cell death and cancerformation. Identifying the relative contributions of the two types ofdamage to tumor formation is critical for the development of therapiesthat could help prevent skin cancer. Moreover, CPDs and 6-4PPs haveparticular potential...

Yellowstone microbes fueled by hydrogen, according to U. of Colorado study

... iron-bearing rock. It's possible thatnon-biogenic processes produce hydrogen on Mars and that some microbiallife form could be using that," he said.There are many examples of bacteria living in extreme environments --including the human body -- using hydrogen as fuel, according to Spear."Recent studies have s...

New, automated tool successfully classifies and relates proteins in unprecedented way

...d provide a more thoroughunderstanding of cellular processes that underlie disease."Using this approach to spot a protein cluster could help scientistsidentify a common protein structure that enables those proteins togather in one part of the cell, according to Murphy. Getting thisinformation is critical to fo...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...t parasite evolved and highlight unusual metabolic processes that may be exploitable as drug targets." The project also identified some large families of surface proteins that may help mediate the amoeba's ability to evade the human immune system. This could explain why the parasite can stay hidden in the bod...

Plants, animals share molecular growth mechanisms

... complex." For growth and development biochemical processes to proceed normally, activators such as ARP 2/3 are needed to trigger actin filaments' formation and growth, Szymanski said. However, scientists don't know the specific function of certain actin filaments. The molecular tools Szymanski's research tea...

Bound for destruction: Ubiquitination protects against improper Notch signaling

...onserved in species from human toroundworm. In all processes in which it participates, Notch signalingshows the ability to sense a small change in cell fate and amplify it,acting as a sort of contrast enhancement mechanism in cell fatedetermination. Notch is activated bya protease that is present ubiquitously...

The transparent organism: EMBLEM and Carl Zeiss give labs a unique look at life

... - now we need to watch complex, three-dimensional processes in whole, living organisms. SPIM allows us to do t...hamber, allowing scientists to track developmental processes like the formation of eyes and the brain in embryonic fish or other model organisms. The presentati...

Clam embryo study shows pollutant mixture adversely affects nerve cell development

...ng scientists as a model for the study of cellular processes thatare common among all animals, including humans.Reinisch and her colleagues collected surf clam eggs and sperm,fertilized them in vitro, and added BCE to normally developing clamembryos. The investigators used a combination of antibodies and dyes ...

Yale Scientists Find MicroRNA Regulates Ras Cancer Gene

... important regulators of development, that control processes determining cell type and cell death. "The let-7 microRNA regulates Ras by binding to the message for Ras and likely inhibits translation of the Ras protein," said Slack. "The microRNA does not revert a mutated Ras to normal; instead it acts like a ...

Study identifies predictors of HIV drug resistance in patients beginning triple therapy

...ng scientists as a model for the study of cellular processes thatare common among all animals, including humans.Reinisch and her colleagues collected surf clam eggs and sperm,fertilized them in vitro, and added BCE to normally developing clamembryos. The investigators used a combination of antibodies and dyes ...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...in, we can now track biochemical and physiological processes within plants using these powerful imaging tools," said Richard Ferrieri, who leads Brookhaven's role in the research. "This enables us to study the effects of external factors like insect attacks, disease, elevated carbon dioxide, soil toxins, and d...

Essential mangrove forest threatened by cryptic ecological degradation

...hwater bodies. Such elucidation of past ecosystem processes and human-environment interactions is an essential part of the Past Global Changes (PAGES) project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), funded by the U.S. and Swiss National Science Foundations as well as the National Oceanic an...

Vital step in cellular migration described by UCSD medical researchers

...ve, a cell must be polarized so that the molecular processes at the front end and back end are different, leading only to forward movement. One of the first steps in cell migration is the initiation of activity by Rac that extends protrusions out of the cell. These protrusions serve as tractor sites for migrat...

Study shows nanoshells ideal as chemical nanosensors

... for engineers who aretrying to probe the chemical processes within small structures such asindividual cells, or for the detection of very small amounts of amaterial, like a few molecules of a deadly biological or chemicalagent....

Papers of DNA Pioneer and Nobel Laureate Francis Crick Added to National Library of Medicine’s Profiles in Science Web Site

...onfirmation of his conviction that the origins and processes of life, including human consciousness and free will, can be reduced to fundamental laws of physics and chemistry, and can thus be explained entirely in rational, scientific terms. After 1953, Crick devoted most of his effort to solving the genetic ...

Jumping gene helps explain immune system's abilities

... provides the first real evidence that the genetic processes behindantigen diversity might have evolved from the activity of a jumpinggene, likely a close relative of Hermes."Recognition of so many antigens allows the immune system to fightinfection and distinguish friend from foe. The "big picture" behindthis...

UCSD Discovery Shows How Embryonic Stem Cells Perform 'Quality Control' Inspections

... provides the first real evidence that the genetic processes behindantigen diversity might have evolved from the activity of a jumpinggene, likely a close relative of Hermes."Recognition of so many antigens allows the immune system to fightinfection and distinguish friend from foe. The "big picture" behindthis...

New therapy for HIV/AIDS eliminates needles and excessive toxicity

... provides the first real evidence that the genetic processes behindantigen diversity might have evolved from the activity of a jumpinggene, likely a close relative of Hermes."Recognition of so many antigens allows the immune system to fightinfection and distinguish friend from foe. The "big picture" behindthis...

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