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Tag: "problem" at biology news

Finding an answer to Darwin's Dilemma

... animal fossils more than 500 million years ago ?a problem that perplexed even Charles Darwin and is commonly known as "Darwin’s Dilemma" ?may be due to a huge increase of oxygen in the world’s oceans, says Queen’s paleontologist Guy Narbonne, an expert in the early evolution of animals and their ecosystems....

Drug can quickly mobilize an army of cells to repair injury

...prove blood flow in peripheral vascular disease, a problem often encountered in diabetic patients, who can suffer from poor circulation in their limbs that causes pain or sores and may lead to amputation. The potential of the two drugs for treating such conditions was addressed in another study by the resea...

'Best of both worlds' -- Targeting a single gene could inhibit bone decay and stimulate bone growth

...in the United States and will only become a bigger problem as the population continues to age. "The main challenge is how to prevent bone decay while also encouraging bone growth," said Choi. The basic principles behind bone metabolism are largely understood, hence a handful of drugs treating osteopo...

Artificial cornea offers better results for infants, some blind patients

...imes remarkably so, and none had an infection or a problem with the implant. In the seven cases where the child was 4 years old or older and could explain to some degree how much he or she could see, every child could at least see fingers held at an arm's length, and some children improved to 20/30 vision. ...

HIV/AIDS linked to extensively drug resistant TB

...nvolve defining the extent and consequences of the problem in greater detail, Friedland said, with operational research focused on quickly determining what kind of infection control practices can practically and feasibly be instituted to reduce the transmission of this lethal form of tuberculosis to others. ...

Distinguishing friend from foe in the battle against cancer

...me would make rapamycin less "friendly." "A major problem of chemotherapy is that sooner or later cancer cells develop resistance, which requires higher and higher doses of chemotherapeutics," observes Verma, who is also an American Cancer Society professor in Salk's Laboratory of Genetics. "Rapamycin-media...

Funding to tackle hospital superbugs

...opley said: "Infectious diseases are a significant problem and the number of new antibiotics entering the market is falling rapidly whilst antibiotic resistance is increasing. The funding from the Wellcome Trust will help bring the pioneering new approaches developed in the School of Medicine to the market....

U-M researchers use nanoparticles to target brain cancer

...the tumor of the blood flow needed to survive. The problem with free photofrin therapy is that it can cause damage to healthy tissue. In our study, the nanoparticle becomes a vehicle to deliver the drug directly to the tumor," says study author Brian Ross, Ph.D., professor of radiology at the U-M Medical Sch...

Researchers discover that sheep need retroviruses for reproduction

..., Spencer said. Miscarriage is a serious medical problem for all mammals, including humans. "Our research supports the idea that endogenous retroviruses shaped the evolution of the placenta in mammals and then became indispensable for pregnancy, and thus may be why they are expressed in the placenta of m...

Biologists probe the machinery of cellular protein factories

...stant staph infections, for example, are a serious problem in hospitals. Noller's laboratory achieved breakthroughs in 1999 and 2001, producing the first high-resolution images of the molecular structure of a complete ribosome. Now, his team has made another major advance with an even higher-resolution ima...

New engineered drug may offer prolonged arthritis relief

... Such vulnerability to infection is a particular problem for patients treated for chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis, and this vulnerability suggests the need for a local treatment, Shamji added. Based on the initial investigation, the team paired the ELP with the IL1RA drug in a second study, to te...

Chemical tests of cell growth enter third dimension

...e drug isn't effective at controlling growth. The problem is how to measure the amount of fluorescence, to q...ially two-dimensional. Researchers get around this problem by removing the cells from the well and counting them one by one under a microscope. It's a long an...

New dyslexia theory blames 'noise'

...nt at USC, said the new findings point to a deeper problem - not just a visual deficit - affecting all areas of perception. Sperling said people with dyslexia appear to have shaky mental categories for the essential sounds that make up language. "It's harder to make a [language] task automatic when ...

New HIV statistics indicate increasing toll of AIDS on African American community

...meritus. "There is a danger that we view AIDS as a problem that only affects Africa when it remains a real and growing danger in our own backyard. That kind of complacency is killing people and it has to stop. This plan of action shows us the path forward to reversing this national disparity." "The U.S....

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...ancers, works by stabilizing microtubules. But the problem with using Taxol as a general inhibitor of cell division is that it works on all dividing cells, not just those involved in tumors or cancers, and so causes unwanted side effects, such as hair loss. "With this new information about kinesins and how ...

Does natural selection drive the evolution of cancer?

...ns or even trillions of cells. This is the central problem in oncology. The reason we haven't been able to cure cancer is that we're selecting for resistant tumor cells. When we spray a field with pesticide, we select for resistant pests. It's the same idea." Maley notes that there are three necessary and...

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

...ferent behaviors. "Aggression is a very serious problem in society, and it's a problem with a biological and genetic component," said co-author Edward Kravitz, the George Packer Berry pro...

World-wide warning of highly drug-resistant tuberculosis

...unity. Dr Lawn says several responses to this problem are required including urgent assessment of the scale of the problem and an increase in laboratory capacity. "Detection rates for cases of tuberculosis need to be impr...

A green way to slag off bunnies

Bunnies beware: Britain’s significant rabbit problem could be eliminated simply by dusting slag on wheat fields, reports Tom Hopkinson in Chemistry & Industry, the magazine of the SCI. In the UK alone, rabbits cause an estimated £115m worth of damage annually. Researcher David Cowen and his tea...

PNAS study reveals why organs fail following massive trauma

...ide team of researchers is working urgently on the problem of post-trauma immune system and organ failure, and has discovered several new biochemical pathways that play a central role, according to a study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). Inventing new techniques...

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