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Tag: "prevents" at biology news

Scientists discover a new disease-causing bacterium in an immune-compromised patient

...tacks by certain bacteria and fungi. The disorder prevents immune cells called neutrophils from functioning properly, and recurrent --and potentially life-threatening-- infections result. The team isolated the new bacterium from the patient's swollen lymph nodes and demonstrated its pathogenesis. "Our f...

Soil-bound prions that cause CWD remain infectious

...tacks by certain bacteria and fungi. The disorder prevents immune cells called neutrophils from functioning properly, and recurrent --and potentially life-threatening-- infections result. The team isolated the new bacterium from the patient's swollen lymph nodes and demonstrated its pathogenesis. "Our f...

New test to detect rare proteins in blood

...cal trials support the notion that early treatment prevents tumor reoccurrence in women with breast tumors. FACTT technology represents a way to couple early diagnosis with early treatment to prevent tumor emergence. Detecting Her2/neu in humans for breast cancer The most widely used clinical Her2/neu tes...

Genetic mutation linked to West Nile virus infection

...linical WNV infections. In mice, the lack of CCR5 prevents protective immune cells from gaining access to the brain where they can fight off the infection. It remains to be seen whether the same mechanism is at play in humans. This study might raise a red flag for the use of CCR5 inhibitors in HIV-infected...

Gut protein found to protect against infection and intestinal breakdown

...of bacteria low in the small intestine, and how it prevents them from getting into other organs," said Dr. Steven Kliewer, professor of molecular biology, senior author of the study and holder of the Nancy B. and Jake L. Hamon Distinguished Chair in Basic Cancer Research. The study is available this week onli...

Tumor cells that border normal tissue are told to leave

...se wandering cells acquires a second mutation that prevents cell death, it could go on to establish a metastatic tumor." Having created a model for studying metastasis of tumor cells, the research team has begun to look for ways to manipulate boundary cells to prevent their metastatic behavior. They have see...

AIDS drug from sunflowers

Sunflowers can produce a substance which prevents the AIDS pathogen HIV from reproducing, at least in cell cultures. This is the result of research carried out by scientists at the University of Bonn in cooperation with the caesar research centre. For several years now the hopes for a completely new...

UCLA paper examines how one disease may prevent another

...hroughout medical history of ways that one disease prevents another. His findings suggest that genetic, infectious and metabolic influences should be considered when looking for treatments, particularly in regard to HIV/AIDS. "Clinical observations of disease-versus-disease interactions have led to an under...

Hopkins researchers discover genetic switch that turns off an oxygen-poor cell's combustion engine

...ating a protein called PDK, which binds to PDH and prevents it from performing this critical task. This starves the TCA cycle of acetyl CoA and shuts it down. The Hopkins researchers made their discovery using mouse embryo fibroblast (MEF) cells that were genetically altered to lack HIF-1. When the investiga...

A Jekyll and Hyde of cytokines: IL-25 both promotes and limits inflammatory diseases

...-25, a signaling protein known as a cytokine, both prevents destructive inflammation and promotes immune responses associated with asthma and allergic responses. The findings, which appear the April issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine, suggest that manipulating IL-25 could provide a method to trea...

Brain's own cannabis compound protects against inflammation

...searchers also explored the mechanism by which AEA prevents inflammatory damage. They found that, when AEA plugs into its receptors on activated microglial cells, it basically activates a specific molecular signaling pathway that suppresses the production of inflammation-causing nitric oxide, which would othe...

p53, tumor suppression and aging

... a modest decrease (about 20%) in Mdm2 effectively prevents tumor formation and does not lead to premature aging. Dr. Perry emphasizes that "many people develop cancer at a young age due to increased expression of Mdm2. The possibility that inhibitors of Mdm2 could delay cancer in such people without causin...

'Scent of a woman' tells male redback spiders to find a mate

...ulatory organ that stays inside the female -- that prevents any future males from successfully fertilizing her eggs, meaning that males have to mate with a virgin to maximize their reproductive success. "On the one hand, they want to provision themselves to survive this trip," says Andrade. "On the other han...

Anti-inflammatory drug's potentially deadly side effect found to be rare

...body that binds to inflammatory immune T cells and prevents them from crossing membranes that protect the brain and the central nervous system. Prior to the studies that were halted last year, earlier studies showed a 66 percent reduction in the rate of relapses in MS patients treated with the natalizumab, wh...

Even fish don't swim well when they're young!

...nd her colleagues might have found what it is that prevents larvae of the zebrafish from reaching top speeds: the larvae cannot maintain their body in a horizontal position while coasting. The research team think this is because larvae don't have the help of an adult swimbladder and have only small, ineffecti...

First human trial of antibacterial contact lens

...tact lens in the market. Biosignal's technology prevents and disrupts microbial infection by "jamming" the signalling systems bacteria rely on to form biofilms. Because the technology does not kill bacteria, Biosignal's technology is less likely to create the drug-resistance problems that plague current an...

Cycles of cell death, proliferation key to liver cancer

...ile NF-ƒÛB activation in hepatocytes (liver cells) prevents liver cancer, its activation in inflammatory cells... cancerous tumor cells," said Karin. Blocking JNK prevents liver injury but also inhibits liver regeneration, so the timing and context of activation are very ...

Matrilin-3 gene discovered to prevent onset of osteoarthritis

...nt, controls bone mineral density in adulthood and prevents osteoarthritis later in life. Mutations in matrilin-3 have previously been linked to certain skeletal disorders and hand osteoarthritis. But this study, reported in the cover article of the August issue of the American Journal of Pathology, is the...

Mechanism identified for promising neurological drug

...ocycline, an antibiotic derived from tetracycline, prevents inflammation and apoptosis in cultured brain cells. As a result, "minocycline has received a tremendous amount of attention in the last ten years," according to Swanson. Currently, he says, there are clinical trials under way of minocycline as a po...

Selenium-protein deficiency raises prostate cancer risk

... by extrapolation, the mechanism by which selenium prevents cancer," said Diamond. Further research is underway to corroborate the stimulating effect of dietary selenium in enhancing levels of protective selenoproteins. Diamond added that much work remains to be done to discover exactly how selenoproteins pl...

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