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Tag: "preventing" at biology news

Silence the gene, save the cell: RNA interference as promising therapy for ALS

...ng RNA interference to silence the defective gene, preventing it from expressing the SOD1 protein. RNA interference is part of a complex cellular housekeeping process that protects cells from invading viruses or other genetic threats. It works by interrupting messenger RNA as it transfers the genetic code for ...

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

...g sleep, send inhibitory signals to orexin neurons preventing them from releasing orexin. "Neurons producing orexin keep you awake, and they also stabilize wakefulness," Dr. Yanagisawa said. "In order to fall sleep, you somehow must inhibit these orexin neurons. It appears that sleep-active neurons in a specif...

Canadian youth 4th highest in international obesity study

...viewing should be the focus of strategies aimed at preventing and treating overweight and obesity in youth." The study is based on statistics gathered in 2001-2002 by the World Health Organization's Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children report, which surveyed more than 160,000 young people aged 11, 13, and ...

Discovery may lead to better Candidiasis drug

...g to the target protein killed the fungal cells by preventing it from regulating its ions, the positive and negative charged molecules that move into, and out of, cells. Ions regulate electrostatic pressure between the cells' internal and external environments, which, in turn, regulates their volume and water c...

Live vaccines more effective against horse herpes virus

...ive vaccines (MLV), appear to be more effective in preventing horse herpes than other more widely used vaccines....ve in lowering equine virus levels in the blood or preventing abortions caused by the virus. "Based on recent reports and our preliminary findings, many inactivat...

Turning viruses into allies against cancer

...eased during the initial viral attack, essentially preventing the spread of these cells to other parts of the body. "This aims to treat metastatic disease and reduce tumor recurrence," said Robert Coffin, Ph.D., chief scientific officer at Biovex Ltd. While this has not been demonstrated in patients, the appro...

Novel gene-silencing nanoparticles shown to inhibit Ewing's sarcoma

...tumor cells are effectively silenced or shut down, preventing further growth. "This is the first study to show that systemic administration of siRNA can inhibit disseminated tumor growth," said Siwen Hu, a postdoctoral fellow at Children's Hospital of Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, and ...

Scientists discover that three overlapping signals in embryo help get the backbone right

... colleagues showed that noggin may be important in preventing the premature fusion of the bones in the skull, and thus may be critical to allowing the brain to grow larger after birth. All of these findings are from mice or amphibians, but the researchers say that the same is almost certain to be the case in hu...

Friendly bacteria in humans may protect against HIV

...i may provide a safe and cost-efficient method for preventing the spread of HIV, says Tao. "This method can protect infants against HIV in breast milk and women against HIV upon sexual contact unobtrusively and inconspicuously via fermented foods or feminine products," says Tao. "If the method can be successfu...

NSAID drug protects against intestinal tumors in mice, despite poor diet and gene losses

...at while the results do not yet have relevance for preventing human colon cancer, they do illustrate the interplay between genes and common nutritional and medicinal agents in development of cancer in the intestines. The drug they tested, sulindac, was a highly effective chemoprevention agent, the researchers ...

Protein prevents detrimental immune effects of bacterial sepsis

... impairs their ability to bind blood vessel walls, preventing their transit from the blood to other organs. When normal mice were treated with LPS, the immune system induced a steady migration of white blood cells from the blood into affected tissues. However, mice deficient for annexin 1 exhibited a dramatic ...

Gladstone investigators discover how resting T cells avoid HIV infection

...ould open the door to an entirely new strategy for preventing the spread of HIV infection in the body's cells, according to the senior author of the study, Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology Director Warner C. Greene, MD, PhD. The researchers, led by Ya-Lin Chiu, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in the G...

New polysaccharide may help combat multidrug resistance in cancer

... of proteins that transport drugs out of the cell, preventing the drugs from combating cancer. Previously, Dr. ...ing to a receptor for hyaluronan (called CD44) and preventing it from initiating a signaling cascade that would result in drug resistance. "It is very surprising...

Of mice and men's (and women's) contraceptives

...n't know the complete mechanism yet, but it may be preventing the stabilization of specific messenger RNAs that need to be used at specific times as germ cells differentiate into mature sperm and eggs," explains Hecht. "An equally likely possibility is that the absence of MSY2 disrupts the timing of how specifi...

To Stop Evolution: New Way Of Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Demonstrated By Scripps Scientists

...e evolution, they can find ways of intervening and preventing the evolution of chemotherapy resistance in these cancer cells. Last year Romesberg was awarded a Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program Idea Award of $563,100 to identify the genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and human cells that...

What the eye doesn't see

...a measure of how effective each combination was at preventing detection by a predator. Combinations that gave a better disguise took longer to be seen, and it therefore took longer for the mealworms to be eaten." This research provides the first evidence that patterns which deceive humans operate in a similar ...

Mutation in clams protects against paralytic shellfish poisoning but raises human health risk

...aralysis. The toxin acts like a cork in a bottle, preventing sodium ions from flowing through the membrane, says Connell. The mutation prevents the cork from sticking. "This is a very conservative mutation in the protein. It was thought that the sodium channel was flexible at this location. We've shown that i...

B cells are required for development of epithelial cancer associated with chronic inflammation

...uitment of innate immune cells may be effective in preventing premalignant progression." ### The researchers include Karin E. de Visser, Lidiya V. Korets, and Lisa M. Coussens of the University of California, San Francisco. K.E.d.V. is supported by a fellowship from the Dutch Cancer Society. L.M.C. is support...

Disabling gene defuses rheumatoid arthritis in mice

...in development for these disorders focus either on preventing wayward immune cells from attacking the joints or on reducing the ability of these cells to open fire. The new results suggest it may be just as helpful to let these cells kill themselves and each other. "We already know a great deal about Foxo3a fr...

Researchers pioneer new gene therapy technique using natural repair process

...e mutation causes the blood cells to change shape, preventing them from flowing through the blood vessels efficiently. One out of every 12 African-American individuals carries this mutation, and one out of every 500 African-American births is afflicted with disease. In theory, blood stem cells with the sickle ...

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