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Tag: "prevented" at biology news

Scientists stop autoimmune disease without shutting off immune system

...mouse model of pemphigus vulgaris, the researchers prevented blistering and other signs of the disease by injec...bodies from binding to the skin cells. Instead, it prevented them from damaging the skin as they normally do. The drug stopped a series of cell-signaling events ...

Tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention does not benefit most women

...ative tumor, which has a worse prognosis. (Cancers prevented by tamoxifen are mostly estrogen receptor-positive). In the new study, Melnikow and her colleagues calculate that tamoxifen can be expected to extend life expectancy only when a woman's five-year risk of developing breast cancer reaches 3 percent ...

Parkinson's disease mechanism discovered

...howed that genes enhancing ER-to-Golgi trafficking prevented alpha-synuclein toxicity. In particular, they foun... being toxic," she said. "Its toxicity is normally prevented in the neuron by sequestration within vesicles for transport from the ER. But a defect in ER traffic...

Cycles of cell death, proliferation key to liver cancer

...for the major isoform of JNK in liver cells, JNK1, prevented the development of liver cancer and reversed the tumor-enhancing effect caused by ablation of IKKƒÒ. "We found that long-term JNK activation leads to cell death; if activated briefly, it stimulates proliferation of pre-malignant and cancerous tumor ...

Silence of the amoebae

... of the gene coding for the toxic protein could be prevented by inserting a plasmid (a small loop of DNA) containing a copy of a specific part of that gene into the amoeba cell nucleus. Introducing the plasmid led to the modification of DNA "packing" proteins, causing the DNA-protein packages to become more ti...

New pathways for autoimmune treatment identified

...ish a healthy balance of good and bad immune cells prevented development of type 1 diabetes in an animal model for the disease. But Drs. Mi and She say new i NKT boosters likely are needed because the action of alpha-GalCer somehow depends on individual genetic architecture as well as other factors. Under c...

Johns Hopkins lab scientists tame overactive CF protein

...cepted signals sent out by the rampant protein and prevented cell damage by the protein, effectively restoring the cell to normal. "The hope is that these findings will be used to design therapies and drugs that go beyond symptom management and actually restore normal cell function to prevent CF," says senior...

Trial success for diabetic nerve therapy

...tected nerve function, stimulated nerve growth and prevented tissue damage that in humans can lead to limb loss." An estimated 50 per cent of patients with long-term diabetes develop some form of neuropathy that can cause numbness and sometimes pain and weakness in the hands, arms, feet and legs. Progression...

HIV vaccine takes different tack to boosting immune response

...reatment, HIV could be treated more effectively or prevented altogether. "A lot of vaccines work very well in dealing with some pathogens, but for HIV, the natural immune response usually fails," said Dr. Si-Yi Chen, associate professor at the Center for Cell and Gene Therapy at BCM and senior author of the s...

Molecular force field helps cancer cells defend against attack

... the team was the first to show that if a tumor is prevented from producing the enzyme it dies. The scientists also have identified some protein receptors FAK binds to; VEGFR-3 is the latest they've discovered and represents a "hot area for developing therapeutics," Cance said. "We've shown that if you disrup...

Fruit fly reveals a potential connection between dementia and cancer

... model. Most importantly, loss of neurons could be prevented when the cell cycle was genetically blocked or when flies were fed anticancer drugs. Cell-cycle activation depended upon a hyperactive cell growth molecule, TOR (target of rapamycin), also known to be abnormally activated in Alzheimer's disease. By e...

'Dead zone' summer killed billions of ocean state mussels

...ed to runaway effects of pollution and hypoxia and prevented restoration of these shellfish." ...

Gut protein found to protect against infection and intestinal breakdown

...ng bile from reaching the intestine, adding GW4064 prevented damage to the intestines, showing that it can replace bile in protecting the small intestine. Genetically engineered mice that lacked FXR showed overall damage to the intestines, "strong evidence that this protein is crucial," Dr. Kliewer said. Dru...

Worm hormone discovery may aid fight against parasitic disease

...s provided the mutants with the missing ligand, it prevented the dauer stage, and the animals continued to develop normally. "This pathway in worms is remarkably similar to hormonal pathways in humans," said Dr. David Mangelsdorf, chairman of pharmacology at UT Southwestern and senior author of the study. Th...

Relationship of brain and skull more than just packaging

...rlying craniosynostosis so that the problem can be prevented or cured. From an evolutionary point of view, researchers focus on the developmental basis for the physical change observed in the fossil record and propose hypotheses about the evolution of the genetic traits responsible for these changes. The resea...

Aspirin reduces cardiovascular risks in men and women -- but differently

...t many more serious cardiovascular events could be prevented if aspirin was more widely used, Berger said In his analysis, Berger combined the data from six different randomized clinical trials, which yielded a total of 95,456 patients, none of whom had coronary artery disease. Of that total, 51,342 were wome...

Clock molecule's sensitivity to lithium sheds light on bipolar disorder

...o play a role in maintaining normal metabolism, is prevented by GSK3 in mouse and human cells. "It's like pulling a pin out of the gears of the clock, to allow them to turn in a synchronized manner," says Lazar. Lithium blocks this action of GSK3, tagging Rev-erb for destruction, which leads to activation of ...

Scientists design potent anthrax toxin inhibitor

...of the inhibitor at the same time as anthrax toxin prevented five out of nine rats from becoming ill. Slightly higher doses of the inhibitor prevented eight out of nine rats from being sickened by anthrax toxin. Nine additional rats were injected with...

Mice studies illustrate potential of chimp/human antibodies to protect against smallpox

...8AL. In test tube experiments, both antibody types prevented the spread of vaccinia virus. Further, the 8AH8AL antibody neutralized one strain of the smallpox-causing variola virus. The test involving the smallpox virus was performed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. The researcher...

New Rotavirus vaccine joins routine infant immunization schedule

...ompany. The company's data showed that the vaccine prevented 98 percent of severe cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis and 74 percent of routine cases, compared to a placebo. Furthermore, the vaccine showed no increased risk of intussusception, a telescoping of the bowel that had been associated with a previous,...

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