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Tag: "prevented" at biology news

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...locking a single protein with an experimental drug prevented and treated both type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis in laboratory mice that had been fed unhealthy diets and were genetically predisposed to these common killers, according to an article published online at Nature on June 6, 2007. The team was led b...

Researchers shed light on mechanism of action used by anti-cancer drug

...nib, by virtue of its ability to inhibit Raf, also prevented an increase in expression of a chaperone protein known as Grp78, which is classically induced in the ER stress response, and which helps to resolve stresses associated with increased protein loads. The net effect of these actions was to induce a shut...

Penn researchers link cell's protein recycling systems

...mply expressing extra HDAC6, neurodegeneration was prevented in flies with proteasome impairment. Taylor’s group then moved on to fly models of human neurodegenerative disease and showed that they, too, are rescued by over-expression of HDAC6. Therefore, the researchers suggest that the level of the HDAC6 ...

Runners -- Let thirst be your guide

...n as exercise-induced hyponatremia (EAH), could be prevented if only people would respect their personal thirst... endurance exercise activities, and that it can be prevented by limiting fluid intake while exercising, he says. But despite this knowledge, Verbalis points out ...

New vaccine prevents CMV infection and disease in mice

...mice, the vaccine not only fought the disease, but prevented the infection from being established in the first place,” Morello said. Researchers at UCSD hope to begin pre-clinical work on development of a human vaccine. If successful, an FDA-approved, commercially licensed hCMV vaccine could be administer...

Avian influenza survivors' antibodies effective at neutralising H5N1 strain

... of virus found in the lungs and almost completely prevented the virus reaching the brain or spleen. In those people in Vietnam who died from the H5N1 strain, the virus was found to have spread from the lungs; this was not the case in those who survived. "We have shown that this technique can work to preven...

Genetic roots of bipolar disorder revealed by first genome-wide study of illness

...ribute to the condition and how it might be better prevented or treated. "Treatments that target just a few of these genes or the proteins they make could yield substantial benefits for patients. Lithium is still the primary treatment for bipolar disorder, but DGKH is a promising target for new treatments ...

Baumann Lab defines proteins that distinguish chromosome ends from DNA double-strand breaks

...s not act on telomeres. But how repair factors are prevented from acting at chromosome ends has been a hotly debated issue. Over the past decade, several telomeric complexes and structures have been identified and proposed to protect chromosome ends, but conclusive evidence that any of these are required for p...

Iowa State scientists demonstrate first use of nanotechnology to enter plant cells

...p the nanoparticles. These "golden gates" not only prevented chemical leakage, but also added weight to the nanoparticles, enabling their delivery into the plant cell with the standard gene gun. The biologists successfully used the technology to introduce DNA and chemicals to Arabidopsis, tobacco and corn ...

Deconstructing brain wiring, one neuron at a time

...placed with its equivalent from a bird virus. This prevented the modified rabies virus from infecting mammalian neurons at all ?unless they had been engineered to express the bird virus's receptor, a bird cell surface protein known as TVA. Such neurons will then be "disguised" as bird cells and the rabies viru...

Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity

...euron in the cerebral cortex ?the pyramid cell ?is prevented from becoming over-activated. Their results show that a rarer cell type that links collections of pyramid cells ?called a Martinotti cell ?acts as a kind of safety device. When a Martinotti cell receives signals above a certain frequency, it responds...

Glucose triggers brain cell death in rats after hypoglycemic coma

...overed that oxidative stress and neuron death were prevented when the rats were given an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, indicating a key role for this enzyme. "It is well-established that mitochondria can be a source of oxidative stress," says Swanson. "But in this setting, oxidative stress comes from an ent...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

...t cultivars. Infestations by the flies also can be prevented by planting wheat after the fly is no longer active and laying eggs. This "fly-free date" is set in different regions according to climate. The study represents a step in understanding the complexity of antioxidant defense responses during interac...

New compound prevents alcoholic behavior, relapse in animals by blocking stress response

...y bred to consume more alcohol. Injections of MTIP prevented excessive drinking of alcohol in both cases and eliminated the rats?susceptibility to relapse under stress. Yet the compound did not affect their native curiosity or lower levels of drinking alcohol in rats that were not alcohol-dependent. In addi...

Study finds surfing safer than soccer

...Significant" injuries were qualified as those that prevented the surfer from surfing for one or more days, resulted in a hospital visit, or required on-site suturing. "Sprains and strains to the lower extremities, particularly the knees, were found to be the most common injuries reported. This is likely due...

Remote sheep population resists genetic drift

...me conditions on the craggy, windswept island have prevented genetic drift due to the premium advantage the more genetically diverse mouflon on the island hold over their less genetically diverse cousins. "This herd certainly challenges our understanding of genetic drift," he said. "And I think it shows us...

Angelman syndrome deficits rescued in mice

...herlands ?had created a mouse with a mutation that prevented this inhibition of CaMKII. The researchers decided to breed the Angelman mice with the CaMKII mutant mice to see if counteracting the CaMKII inhibition would alleviate the neurological problems. The researchers then ran the resulting "double mu...

Scientists discover how body fights to control spread of cancer

...ls that have entered the blood, however, are still prevented from causing further disease by the protective shield of a protein called MUC1 in which the cancerous cells are eventually destroyed by our immune system. Scientists have now discovered how this protective shield is broken down, allowing cancer to s...

Antibody therapy prevents type 1 diabetes in mice

...sity of Pittsburgh investigators have successfully prevented the onset of type 1 diabetes in mice prone to deve...D4 and CD25 to other immune-deficient NOD mice, it prevented the onset of diabetes in the recipient mice. According to senior author William M. Ridgway, M.D., ...

Smoking ban dramatically reduces air pollution in Irish pubs

... 10 million premature deaths from smoking could be prevented over the next generation. Although Dr. Godfrey admits that the impact of the Irish ban has been "enormous," she also highlights several "important caveat[s]" to the study's findings. While the health of ex- and non-smoking barmen improved si...

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