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Tag: "prevent" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...of HIV dynamics to help further drug discovery and prevent deadly infections. “We found that HIV fusion peptide dramatically decreases the amount of energy needed to bend a cell-like membrane,” said Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, associate research professor of biological physics at Carnegie Mellon. “This helps ...

Common cancer gene sends death order to tiny killer

...and, like crumpled paper jammed in a copy machine, prevent proteins from being made. Josh Mendell, M.D., Ph.D., an assistant professor in the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, suspected that p53 activates microRNAs like miR-34a because a number of studies have demonstrated that these tiny R...

Cells re-energize to come back from the brink of death

...APDH in order to counteract CICD. GAPDH appears to prevent CICD by supporting the functioning of the mitochon... and triggering the activity of certain genes that prevent or repair cell damage. The findings also suggest that the increase in GAPDH provides energy to incre...

Dirty snow may warm Arctic as much as greenhouse gases

...re for a century, so cutting back on emissions can prevent further warming but does not produce immediate cooling....

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...nding is pushed in the wrong direction, they can't prevent heme from crystallizing. "We know these mutant proteins are controlling pH across two different membranes, but we don't yet know exactly how they are doing it," Roepe says. "Still, knowing the pH values can help pharmacologists and chemists redesign ...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...ted with them, we improve our ability to diagnose, prevent and treat our patients,” Koehler notes. “This enables us to use our work in the laboratory to benefit patients in the clinics and hospital.” ...

Study shows big power of small RNAs, not just proteins, in halting cancer

...uced in tumors, suggesting that some miRNAs act to prevent tumor formation. By comparing levels of miRNAs in cells with a variety of pre-cancerous genetic lesions, CSHL researchers found a connection between changes in the p53 pathway and the loss of a specific family of miRNAs, known as miR-34. The fact t...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...tty foods. Use of the compound not only appears to prevent the development of these diseases, but also to rev...d to a new class of powerful therapeutic agents to prevent and treat metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis." Said Hotamisligil, "Th...

Sun exposure early in life linked to specific skin cancer gene mutation

.... This is important for learning more about how to prevent and treat skin cancer," said Dr. Nancy Thomas, ass... to protect children from sun exposure in order to prevent melanoma, Thomas said. The study, published in the May 2007 edition of the journal Cancer Epidem...

Genetic factors are linked to fever following smallpox vaccination

...“Vaccines are the safest and most effective way to prevent a number of very important childhood and adult diseases,” Dr. Stanley remarked. “Our work is designed to identify ways we might make vaccines even more acceptable in the future by discovering ways to further reduce the chance of minor adverse events....

New findings challenge established views on human genome

...l of using such information to diagnose, treat and prevent disease. Having the human genome sequence is similar to having all the pages of an instruction manual needed to make the human body. Researchers still must learn how to read the manual’s language so they can identify every part and understand how the...

Penn researchers link cell's protein recycling systems

...ins, and that increasing the activity of HDAC6 can prevent the degeneration normally associated with accumula...d his team are now testing the ability of HDAC6 to prevent neurodegeneration in several mouse models, including motor neuron disease, Parkinson’s disease, and ...

Study finds mix of disease processes at work in brains of most people with dementia

...of these findings is that public health efforts to prevent and treat vascular disease could potentially reduc...ether interventions for cardiovascular disease can prevent or slow the progress of Alzheimer’s disease. On-going trials cover a range of interventions such as ...

Exploring the dark matter of the genome

.... Telomeres are a chromosome's end-caps; they help prevent the accumulation of genomic damage. Both heterochromatin and euchromatin are sequenced using a method called whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Celniker says, "We grind up whole flies and produce libraries of DNA fragments of two sizes, some that a...

Mutating the entire genome

... – and such mice are used to learn how to treat or prevent cancers, says Capecchi. In many cancers, translocation of two chromosomes is the first step, and if it occurs only in one of every million cells, not enough cells are present in which subsequent steps can occur so that cancer develops. “If we now...

Potato wart eyed as risk to potato production

...seed production. "Potato wart is much easier to prevent than it is to control," Franc said. "It is highly critical that we prevent the introduction of the potato wart pathogen to production areas, and, where it is already introduce...

How 'memory' T cells curb the spread of viruses throughout the body

... whether memory cells, known as CD8 T cells, could prevent viral diseases has been debated. The new work by ... the basis whereby memory CD8 T cells do, in fact, prevent viral diseases. CD8 T cells normally reside in lymphoid organs such as the lymph nodes. It was th...

Researchers develop buckyballs to fight allergy

... mediator. Essentially, the buckyballs are able to prevent mast cells from releasing histamine. Mast cells are responsible for causing allergic response and are packed with granules containing histamine. They are present in nearly all tissues except blood. When mast cells are activated, inflammatory subs...

Study identifies 5 genetic themes key to keeping stem cells in a primitive, flexible state

...ble format, keep cell division tightly controlled, prevent signals that might trigger death, repair DNA very effectively, and reinforce all of these characteristics by tightly controlling how molecules can move within the nucleus. The study will be published in the June 20 edition of the online, open-access ...

Smoking rate has plummeted in New York City

...bacco control. There aren’t many programs that can prevent 80,000 premature deaths this quickly.” Ads from the 2006 campaign graphically depicted tobacco smoke’s effects on the brain, lungs and arteries, showing testimonials from sick and dying smokers and their children, including former smoker Ronaldo...

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