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Tag: "pores" at biology news

Purdue proves concept of using nano-materials for drug discovery

...a material called alumina, which contains numerous pores measured in nanometers, or billionths of a meter. ...emical reactions," Lee said. The alumina contains pores smaller than 100 nanometers, and the total volume of the reactors varies from 1-10 nanoliters. "Wha...

Nano-Probes Allow an Inside Look at Cell Nuclei

...they had to breach the nuclear membrane, which has pores that are only about 20 nanometers wide. To fit thr...all enough to slide through the nuclear membrane's pores and believable enough to slip past the membrane's barriers. "We knew we could get quantum dots insi...

New research indicates a 'troubled' greenhouse is brewing

...heric carbon dioxide from studies of the breathing pores in fossil leaves," he explains. "At that time, Wyoming warmed from a mean annual temperature of some 55 degrees to a summer-like 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Rainfall in Utah jumped from 16 inches per year to 26 inches per year. As a result, sagebrush dese...

Researchers test new therapy for advanced melanoma

...the skin delivers pulses of electricity to open up pores in the tumor cell membrane. This opening allows a small therapeutic molecule -- in this case a molecule known as a DNA plasmid that contains the gene for Interleukin-12 -- to slip inside the melanoma tumor before the membrane reseals. "Melanoma does...

MIT engineers an anti-cancer smart bomb

... pass through tumor vessels, but too large for the pores of normal vessels. Once the nanocell is inside the tumor, its outer membrane disintegrates, rapidly deploying the anti-angiogenic drug. The blood vessels feeding the tumor then collapse, trapping the loaded nanoparticle in the tumor, where it slowly...

Genetic discovery could lead to drought-resistant plants

...of information about how the Earth breathes." The pores on the surface of plant leaves, called stomata, function like little mouths that open and close in response to cues such as light, temperature, and water availability. Using mouse-ear cress, a relative of mustard, cabbage and radish plants, Campbell ...

Several minute intermediate stage in virus-cell fusion discovered; opportunity for drug development

...pore is an unstable structure at that moment: some pores will open and some won't. It's a crucial point in viral entry because it's critical for the pore to enlarge sufficiently for the genetic material to pass into the host cell." The researchers are excited by this study because even a brief pause durin...

Nanoscale method for investigating living systems

...tals in the membranes. These artificial portals or pores could enable a method of investigating living syst...stand that each of our cell membranes has specific pores in them that regulate the flow of ions in and out," says Blick. "Through these ions, your cells will...

Trio of plant genes prevent 'too many mouths'

...ready have a genomic map. Stomata are microscopic pores on the surface of plants that open to allow plants to take in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis. They close when there is the danger that the plant tissue may lose too much moisture. "Specialized cells open and close the stomata, much l...

War on terror meets war on cancer

... water moves so rapidly through cell membranes and pores that the water inside cells is chemically identical to the water outside cells. Scientists from the University of Utah in Salt Lake City and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Wash., published the study the week of Monday Nov. 21 in...

Polymer gel can block toxic leakage problem in gene therapy

...hers have found that, because of the small size of pores in blood vessel walls and other access points, these adenoviruses cannot reach the majority of tumor cells by being injected into the blood stream but instead must be injected directly into tumors themselves. However, direct intratumoral injection c...

Bugs expose underground carbon traffic system 10 times more important than fossil fuel burning

...ed with openings covered by nylon mesh with tiny pores just big enough to allow AM mycelia to grow into them but too small for any insects or other micro-fauna (including Collembola, soil mites) to get into the cores. The cores were then filled with soil which was frozen -80oC to kill any other insects/m...

Bioengineers create stable networks of blood vessels

...hly water-saturable, with a structure of connected pores for cells to grow on and through. Second, they seeded the hydrogel scaffolds with endothelial cells that make up blood vessel structure along with nerve progenitor cells from the brain. Because there is often an association of nerve connections wit...

Master genetic switch found for chronic pain

...painful stimuli into nerve signals via specialized pores called "ion channels" in the neurons, as well as specialized receptors. The researchers' studies of Runx1 in these cells revealed that during embryonic development, the gene is characteristically expressed in pain-receptor cells involved in neuropath...

New University of Toronto research a 'pore' excuse for engineering

...ganosilica (PMO), is a thin film interspersed with pores just two-billionths of a metre across. The team created it by mixing an organosilica precursor (silica glass, containing organic groups) with a surfactant -- essentially, a soap that mixes oil and water -- which causes the organosilica to self-assemb...

Researchers solve mystery of how nuclear pores duplicate before cell division

Researchers have long wondered how nuclear pores ?the all-important channels that control the flow ... in the xxx issue of the journal Science. Nuclear pores are gigantic structures that control the transport of molecules such as RNA and protein in and out o...

Bioactive cement scaffold may improve bone grafts

...red from patient samples. In addition to creating pores in the hardened cement, the natural polymer beads protect the cells during the 30 minutes required for the cement to harden. Future experiments will develop methods for improving the material's mechanical properties by using smaller encapsulating bea...

Unraveling the mysteries of poison

... and the ion channel structure changes, developing pores which let the ions through. Different channels are open to different specific ions; for example, potassium channels only allow potassium ions through. Poisonous animals use very specific toxins to target channels; the toxins block the channels and ma...

How sperm crack the whip

...yperactivation. CatSper proteins are components of pores in the sperm cell membrane called ion channels. In an alkaline environment, these pores open and allow calcium to enter the cell. In earlier experiments, the researchers had attempted to...

Scientists make first step towards 'holy grail' of crystallography

... porous material, with a variety of different size pores able to trap different size proteins. They found BioGlass induced the crystallisation of the largest number of proteins ever crystallised using a single nucleant. Professor Naomi Chayen, from Imperial College London, who led the research, said: "...

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