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Tag: "population" at biology news

Fish evolve a longer lifespan by evolving a longer reproductive period, researchers find

...ents are difficult to prove by working on a single population or species. Nevertheless, our results show how it would be possible to evaluate whether or not menopause in humans has been shaped by natural selection. Appropriate comparisons, such as those between humans and apes, would help." ...

Pulp mill devastates swans' sanctuary in Chile

...gically outstanding wetlands, decimating its famed population of black-necked swans, along with most other bird ...ators said Monday. "What was probably the largest population of black necked swans in South America has been wiped out in less than a year. It is an environmenta...

Removing egg from nest may help save endangered whooping crane

...have skyrocketed to over 200 birds in the original population and two new populations have been established else... may reduce the productivity of the whooping crane population and that more generally, human intervention and disturbance should be minimized. Boyce's research fo...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...at and when to mate may be enough to turn a single population into two species. These painstaking observations and other experiments showed that evolutionary studies are as relevant to 2005 as they were to 1859. Science also salutes nine other scientific achievements of 2005. Planetary Safaris: With spacec...

New view of cancer: 'Epigenetic' changes come before mutations

...ulation of tumor-progenitor genes. This leads to a population of cells ready to cause new growth. The second step involves an initiating mutation within the population of epigenetically disrupted progenitor cells at the earliest stages of new cell growth, such as the ...

Scientists pinpoint inflammation gene

...study Kissebah leads with TOPS members. This study population is largely of Northern European ancestry and has a...ted our findings in another study with a different population of a different ethnic group, which is rare in human genetics. This adds to other clear evidence that...

Scientists use stem cells to grow cartilage

... medical problems. With the UK's increasing ageing population there will be an inevitable increase in problems created by people living longer. Although doctors have been able to carry out joint replacements for a number of years, it has not possible to replace the worn out cartilage. By replacing the cartilage...

New GM mosquito sexing technique is step towards malaria control, report scientists

...will be possible to release sterile males into the population without the risk of releasing additional females. The release of sterile males has proven effective in controlling several insect pests when methods for sorting sex are available. "Female mosquitoes are responsible for spreading malaria, and also fo...

Older female fish prefer imperfect male mates, study finds

...rvive the stress but show marks of the struggle. A population with a large amount of asymmetrical individuals may have been subject to a lot of environmental stress, such as pollution. ...

Bugs expose underground carbon traffic system 10 times more important than fossil fuel burning

...ing of how both mycorrhizal mycelia and the insect population of soil impact on the transport of carbon will assist researchers trying to understand what preserves a healthy soil and provides recycled carbon for supporting below ground biodiversity. It will also open up a new understanding of the food-webs and ...

Genetic analysis of cavefish reveals more about evolution

...y observed different deletions in the gene in each population and found that both deletions cause a loss of Oca2...inism in these two cave populations and in a third population not yet as well studied is caused by mutations in the same gene. Subsequent analyses revealed that O...

'Perception' gene tracked humanity's evolution, scientists say

...l biologist Matthew Hahn, who did the brunt of the population genetics work for the paper. "Given its function, we believe regulation of this gene was likely important in the evolution of modern humans' mental capacity." Prodynorphin is a precursor molecule of the neurotransmitters alpha-endorphin, dynorphin ...

Polio vaccination strategies assessed as eradication nears

...imal risk of re-introducing vaccine virus into the population after poliovirus has been eradicated," the authors concluded. The alternative to OPV, a live virus vaccine, is an inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). IPV is safer because the inactivated virus in IPV cannot mutate into paralytic VDPV. However, the imm...

Sahara's edge studied from ground, air and space to improve water management

... nations for irrigating agriculture and to support population growth. It is a valuable resource but also a non-renewable one - distributed across national boundaries - which requires careful management to be employed in a sustainable way. Over-exploitation risks exhaustion of groundwater, plus loss of artesian ...

Overfishing may drive endangered seabird to rely upon lower quality food

...to embark on this study when they noticed that the population of 600 marbled murrelets they were studying in cen...etermining how much can be fished in order for the population to rebound in subsequent years," said Becker. "Now, more people are taking an ecosystem approach, co...

Cancer support cells may evolve, fuel tumor growth, study shows

...e organ is evolving as a cancer, not just a single population of cells."If the research suggests a need to look at cancer development as a more dynamic process, it also indicates a need for expanding the approach to treatment, said Van Dyke. "If the changes you're targeting in the predominant cancer cell are g...

Some good news for the world's poor

..., in the four decades from 1961 to 2000, while the population of Asia's developing nations more than doubled, from 1.6 billion to 3.4 billion, efforts to avert famine resulted in the land area devoted to rice expanding by 30 percent, from 107 million hectares to 139 million hectares. Rice production grew by an...

Feds give researchers ok for safety test of adult stem cells in patients with heart disease

...,000 deaths each year. About 1 percent of the U.S. population over the age of 65 is diagnosed with congestive heart failure each year. Existing therapies include drugs, gene therapy, and vascular interventions for relief of arterial obstructions. In 2003, approximately 750,000 coronary artery bypass graft (CA...

Seal rookeries could provide a reliable food source for endangered California condors, study finds

...e the controversial step of rounding up the entire population and placing them in a captive-breeding program for future release. "The decline of the condor was all man-induced," Chamberlain notes. "The megafauna are wiped out by early Ice Age humans, so the condors have to feed on marine carcasses along the co...

Hepatitis B accounts for 40 percent of 'missing' Asian women

...icularly China, where some 10 to 15 percent of the population is infected. Using data on viral prevalence by country as well as estimates of the effect of hepatitis on birth sex, Oster concludes that hepatitis B can account for about 45 percent of the "missing women" ?or, more specifically, for as many as 50 ...

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