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Tag: "players" at biology news

HIV infection requires an accomplice: B cells with special protein direct HIV to T cells

... express a protein called DC-SIGN. B cells are key players in an immune response. While these cells themselves do not become infected, they play a pivotal role as an accomplice in HIV's takeover of T cells. According to the research to be reported by Giovanna Rappocciolo, Ph.D., research assistant profe...

Scientists identify protein with a crucial role in cell death

...ught to interact with Presenilin, one of the major players in Alzheimer's disease. Previous research had already indicated that the link between PARL and Presenilin is negligible. It was understood that PARL is important to the cell's mitochondria, but the protein's particular function has remained unknown f...

Researchers offer clues to how leaves patterns are formed

...development to our advantage. Once we know all the players in the game we will be able to say, we want more leaves on this, more branches on this one or fewer flowers on this plant." ...

Pathway toward gene silencing described in plants

...s, Ph.D., was able to unravel where the eight team players are located and in what order events in the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway transpire. Using antibodies to detect the proteins, together with DNA-FISH to detect the DNA sites that give rise to the siRNAs, Pontes found that half of the team is ...

Quick -- what’s that smell?

...e studies of visual sensory processing. Modern MP3 players are built based on a deep knowledge about properties of our hearing capabilities. Similarly, increased knowledge of olfactory processing has the obvious potential to open many doors, perhaps including development of electronic olfactory systems that ...

Protein's role in regulating cell death sets direction for cancer research

...tributes to the activation of AKT and JNK, two key players in the signaling pathways that control cellular responses to different death stimuli. These discoveries suggest that calpain inhibitors might improve the ability of chemotherapeutic drugs or radiation treatment to specifically kill tumour cells in ca...

What controls stickiness of 'smart' chromosomal glue

... "We first need to understand the key regulatory players and the molecular mechanisms that cause chromosomes to segregate in this very unusual way during meiosis," she said. "Once we have a good enough understanding, then we can ask, for example, what exactly happens to cohesins in older women that make th...

Salk scientists untangle steroid hormone signaling in plants

...olide, plants "pump up" like major league baseball players do on steroids. Tracing brassinolide's signal deep...ique (CNRS) in Montpellier, France, said, "All the players are old acquaintances and we knew from genetic studies that they were involved in this pathway. But ...

Ozone recovering, but unlikely to stabilize at pre-1980 levels, says study

...olide, plants "pump up" like major league baseball players do on steroids. Tracing brassinolide's signal deep...ique (CNRS) in Montpellier, France, said, "All the players are old acquaintances and we knew from genetic studies that they were involved in this pathway. But ...

Researchers find that bumblebees' flower choice matters

...sor of Biological Sciences. The bees are pivotal players in determining which plant populations survive through successful reproduction. If scientists could better understand nature's decision-making process, then they could use the information to increase crop yields and to boost conservation of native pl...

New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described

...ight be possible to interfere with a number of the players to inhibit cancer growth. "NEDD8 is key," he said. "It may be possible to design drugs that block the removal of NEDD8 from BCA3." By increasing the amount of NEDD8-modified BCA3, there will be a corresponding decrease in the level of NFkB and the c...

A reason why video games are hard to give up

...trumped a shallow sense of fun, which doesn't keep players as interested. "It's our contention that th...are capable of supporting hundreds of thousands of players simultaneously. For those playing MMOs, the need for relatedness emerged "as an important satisfacti...

Advance helps explain stem cell behavior

... repair a problem if you don't know what molecular players are involved," Gross said. "That's what we're moving towards. We now have a better idea of some of the key components in this process."...

Genomic comparison of lactic acid bacteria published

...bution to our food supply of such benign microbial players as lactic acid-producing bacteria. Researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) and the University of California, Davis, and their colleagues have characterized the genome sequences of nine different lactic acid-pr...

Fast-freeze snapshot yields new picture of nerve-muscle junction

... Several proteins that have been shown to be major players in synaptic transmission have now been studied using a flash-freeze physical-fixation technique that reveals new details of their location and function in neuromuscular synapses. The technique was used with tiny, one-millimeter-long nematode worms, a...

One signal elicits thousands of answers

...ses. In recent decades, knowledge of the important players in signal transduction has been painstakingly accumulated, mainly through the study of individual molecules in specific pathways. This approach may fall short though, because the cellular answer to environmental stimuli often doesn't show on the leve...

Killing the messenger RNA -- But which one?

...reasingly they are being seen as vitally important players in regulating the genome. Now, a new study led by researchers at The Wistar Institute shows that these microRNAs can undergo a kind of molecular editing with significant physiological consequences. A single substitution in their sequence can redirec...

Surgeons with video game skill appear to perform better in simulated surgery skills course

... who never played video games. Current video game players made 32 percent fewer errors, were 24 percent faster and scored 26 percent better overall than their non-player colleagues," the authors write. Those in the top one-third of video gaming skill made 47 percent fewer errors, performed 39 percent fast...

Cancer researchers add spice to research against rare neuromuscular disease

...?are opening up, thanks to the dozens of molecular players that Chang and others have identified in the past decade. "Traditionally, when scientists have wanted to affect the androgen receptor, they have taken away substances like testosterone that bind to and activate the receptor," said Chang. "But this...

Scientists find potential 'off-switch' for HIV virus

...are strongly suggesting." Not all the molecular players are known yet, nor how their relative roles determine whether the virus becomes dormant, but Weinberger said his and Shenk's results lead them to think they are on the right track. If their theories prove correct, they could form the basis for therap...

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