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Tag: "play" at biology news

Discovery suggests why stem cells run through stop signs

... the researchers also speculate that microRNAs may play a similar role in cancer cells, encouraging their proliferation. This speculation is supported by three other new papers published this week in Nature linking microRNAs to cancer. According to authors Richard Carthew, Owen L. Coon Professor of Molec...

Proposal would allow wild animals to roam North America

... shows that animals near the top of the food chain play important roles in structuring ecological systems ...rewilding researchers would like to reintroduce -- play a disproportionate role in an ecosystem. Extinction of a keystone species can lead to homogenous lan...

Deep sea buffet for bone-devouring worms

...worms and their bacterial 'partners' are likely to play substantial roles in the cycling of nutrients into the surrounding deep-sea community." This can be put into context by considering that the Osedax worms and their symbiotic bacteria can turn-over a large amount of organic carbon (one whale carcass ...

Once given 'no respect,' cells' tiny RNAS take driver's seat

...iny bits of RNA not used to make proteins actually play central roles in normal biology and in the develop...enes' protein building-instructions. The microRNAs play roles in cell division, cell specialization and cell death in worms and flies and are off-kilter in ...

U-M researchers identify new blood test for prostate cancer

...roduce antibodies that fight against proteins that play a role in cancer. The researchers scanned 2,300 autoantibodies and initially narrowed it down to 186 that reacted with blood serum from the men with prostate cancer. This discovery phase formed the basis for the next round of tests, in which 59 pros...

Digging in the dirt for life's biochemical foundations

...ant roots. Many had assumed that the fungus would play a modest role. The team found, however, that the fungus acts more like a four-lane highway than a two-track country road in shuttling the nitrogen into plant roots. More than a third of the total nitrogen taken up by the plants came by way of the fun...

Gene loss accelerates aging

...uding humans. Therefore, the p63 gene is likely to play a fundamental biological role in aging-related processes. "To study how the p63 gene works, we devised a system for eliminating it from adult mouse tissues. What struck us right away was that these p63 deficient mice were aging prematurely," says Al...

'Underground' tunnels discovered as means for communication between immune system cells

...," added Dr. Salter. The finding that nanotubules play a role in sending molecular signals to other immune system cells calls into question the long-held belief that immune system cells talk to one another solely by secreting substances such as cytokines, the authors say. It now seems clear that intercel...

Huntington's cure in flies lays groundwork for broader treatment approaches

...e discovered that at least 20 genes have a role to play in the onset of seizures, and dozens more may be i...that we can't predict anything. So we just have to play all the cards we can possibly play." ...

Scientists uncover new clues about brain function in human behavior

...n the disorder; it is now clear that this area can play a major role in producing social behavioral abnormalities," said Berman. "The over-activity of the medial-prefrontal cortex may be compensatory, but the result is still an abnormal fear response. The medial-prefrontal cortex still works and in fact i...

Protein structure key for AIDS, cell function

...und composed of amino acids, that they believe may play a role in interrupting the interface between CD4 and HIV-AIDS. The findings, published in the journal Structure (Vol. 13, Sept. 2005), mark a major step toward designing drugs that could inhibit processes related to certain diseases. Knowing the pr...

Tadpole soon to help in the fight against cancer and lymphedema

...s one can now very quickly identify new genes that play a part in the development and functioning of the lymphatic vessel network. This is a first step in the search for solutions for illnesses related to the lymphatic vessel network, such as cancer and lymphedema. Lymph: a very important colorless fluid...

Study uncovers dirty little secret: Soil emissions are much-bigger-than-expected component of air pollution

... the soil are much greater than expected and could play a substantially larger role in seasonal air pollut...ajor cities, they contribute to acid rain and they play a role in global climate change. In addition to equatorial Africa, hot spots for soil emissions inc...

Researchers Create DNA-Based Sensors for Nano-Tongues and Nano-Noses

...one part per million, akin to finding a one-second play amid 278 hours of baseball footage or a single person in Times Square on New Years' Eve. In the report, the researchers tested the nanosensors on five different chemical odorants, including methanol and dinitrotoluene, or DNT, a common chemical that ...

Genomics researchers discover protein deficit that causes drug toxicity

...ing what its function really is, but it appears to play a role here by receiving misfolded proteins." Significance of the Research "Nobody has shown before that the aggresome plays a role in thiopurine metabolism, and it's a significant contribution," says Richard Weinshilboum, M.D., the Mayo Clinic res...

Evolution of life on Earth may hold key to finding life in outer space

...e and function of all living cells and viruses and play a role in immune response. Fox and his group are examining the various components of the ribosome machinery trying to learn what parts came first and what was added later. "Since many of the components of the ribosome are shared by all organisms, we...

Sensor web simulation investigates technique to improve prediction of pollution across the globe

...sure. The troposphere is where we all live, work, play and breathe! It's the region of the atmosphere where our weather occurs and it extends from the Earth's surface to roughly the cruising altitude of a passenger jet - about 40,000 feet. In some cases air pollutants have natural causes such as lightnin...

Computer modeling reveals hidden conversations within cells

...a long-standing mystery: how the same proteins can play different roles in a wide range of cellular processes, including those leading to immune responses and cancer. Prior to the UCSD team's findings, which are published in the September 16 issue of the journal Science, many scientists expressed doubts...

Genes linked to treatment resistance in children with leukemia

...Chicago studied how an individual's genetics might play a role in the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs. Their findings will be published in the June 15, 2005, issue of Blood, the official journal of the American Society of Hematology. The researchers studied 246 children with acute lymphoblastic leuke...

How HIV disables the cells' call for help

...n gp41 found on the viral envelop. FP was known to play a role in the complex process in which the viral e...eap. In autoimmune diseases, the same T cells that play host to HIV viruses are overactive, mistakenly attacking the body's cells instead of foreign invader...

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