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Tag: "play" at biology news

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...e AU regions of the mRNA. These binding events may play a role in the stability and degradation of the mRNA. Despite much research over the last few years into exactly how this works, the question had not been answered. "So far, it has not really been clear what the mechanism is," says Han. Now, Han and...

Anammox bacteria produce nitrogen gas in oceans' snackbar

...en cycle. Models of global nitrogen budgets, which play an important role in long term climate predictions, will have to be revised. The discovered nitrogen loss has also consequences for the carbon cycle in marine ecosystems. Denitrification. The measurements refute the dominating theory that oceanic ni...

Mouse gene shows new mechanism behind cardiac infarction in man

...ce. The corresponding human gene has been shown to play a role in the development of myocardial infarction...on of immunological T cells. These cells, in turn, play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and of a number of chronic inflammatory dis...

Protein helps regulate the genes of embryonic stem cells

...new lines of investigation into the role eed might play in diverse biological processes. "It may give us new gene targets to study relative to cancer and other disease states that may have these marks and have not been examined but should be," Magnuson said. Another application of epigenetics is stem ce...

Compounds in plastic packaging act as environmental estrogens altering breast genes

...ails multiple events, in which estrogen appears to play an important role," explained Russo. "Our laboratory has pioneered an in vitro system of cell transformation using estrogens and their metabolites as carcinogenic agents in human breast cells. Our data show that each compartment of the breast has spe...

Building a human kinase gene repository

..., nucleosides, and other cellular components. They play key regulatory roles in all aspects of eukaryotic cell physiology and their deregulation is associated with a number of pathological conditions, which make kinases key targets in drug discovery efforts, primarily in oncology. This collection is uniq...

Defensins Ward Off HIV In Two Ways

...trate the body's response to viruses and therefore play important roles in the immune system. The researchers show that alpha-defensin-1 fights HIV in two different ways. Without serum (the watery portion of blood that remains when blood cells are removed) and under conditions where viral burden is low, ...

Red delicious, Northern Spy apples have most antioxidants, chemists find

...ch can wreak havoc on cells and tissues, appear to play a role in the onset of heart disease and prostate, colon and other cancers. Polyphenols ?phytochemicals that act like astringents ?are major sources of antioxidants in apples, but which polyphenols are most active in the fruit has perplexed scientis...

Activation of thermoreceptors mediates raw garlic's burning pungency

...t work, indicate that thermosensitive TRP channels play a key role in the phenomenon of chemesthesis (the somatosensory contribution to the sense of taste), which is experienced, for example, in the heat of chili peppers or the coolness of peppermint. Both TRPV1 and TRPA1 are found in pain-sensing neurons...

The lopsided brain: Attention bias is shared by humans and birds

...ggesting not only that brain structures thought to play a requisite role in pseudoneglect may not actually be essential for this phenomenon, but also that pseudoneglect may reflect evolutionary adaptations that allow animals to devote attention to multiple aspects of their environment. The findings are r...

New polysaccharide may help combat multidrug resistance in cancer

...tists report that a molecule previously thought to play a purely structural and inert role in cells is actually involved in multidrug resistance in cancer. Using antagonists for this molecule, the researchers were able to sensitize drug resistant breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drug treatment. Th...

Too much water may be as dangerous as too little during long-distance athletic events

...s during exercise, he said. Heat and humidity also play a role in the rate of this loss. Calculating fluid loss is as simple as weighing yourself before and after exercise and comparing that number to the amount of fluid you consumed throughout. "All serious distance athletes should find out what their ...

Bush, Cheney and Rumsfeld are now species of slime-mold beetles -- but strictly in homage

...s during exercise, he said. Heat and humidity also play a role in the rate of this loss. Calculating fluid loss is as simple as weighing yourself before and after exercise and comparing that number to the amount of fluid you consumed throughout. "All serious distance athletes should find out what their ...

New design : complete

...s during exercise, he said. Heat and humidity also play a role in the rate of this loss. Calculating fluid loss is as simple as weighing yourself before and after exercise and comparing that number to the amount of fluid you consumed throughout. "All serious distance athletes should find out what their ...

Mouse with designer liver has enhanced glucose tolerance, insulin response

...ay signals initiated by insulin receptors and thus play a critical role in insulin regulation inside cells. Biochemical studies on Gab1 in cell cultures suggested that Gab1 is also involved in insulin signaling, but it is not clear how Gab1 acts to control insulin activity in the liver. To learn how Gab1...

Newly Discovered 'Branding' Process Helps Immune System Cells Pick Their Fights

... Damaging oxidative reactions are also believed to play a role in atherosclerosis. Scientists suspect oxidative damage in the blood vessel walls may lead to immune reactivity that contributes to narrowing and stiffening of blood vessels. ### Herzog J, Maekawa Y, Cirrito TP, Illian BS, Unanue ER. Activat...

Next Generation Body Scanner Launched By The University Of Manchester

...ers carrying out work into mental illness and will play a major role in the University's research into schizophrenia. The scanner will help to unravel the mysteries of how the brain works and will reveal how different parts of the brain communicate with each other. Researchers working on abnormalities ...

Nanobacteria in clouds could spread disease, scientists claim

Micro-organisms in clouds could play a crucial role in the spread of disease and in the...ntists argue that their occurrence in clouds could play a crucial role in the global dispersal of infective agents, and might also play a prominent role in ...

Newly discovered protein an important tool for sleeping sickness research

...at base J (beta-D-glucosylhydroxymethyluracil) may play an important role in the gene silencing process be...ion of antigenic variation. If base J does indeed play a role in the gene silencing that enables the trypanosome to change its antigen coating, the discove...

Disabling gene defuses rheumatoid arthritis in mice

...ondition in mice. Foxj1 and Foxo3a are thought to play similar roles in immune T cells. To get a better sense for Foxo3a's activities, Peng's group created a line of mice where Foxo3a had been disabled and studied the effects this change had on T cells. As a follow-up, Peng decided to inject the new lin...

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