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Tag: "pinpointed" at biology news

Bound for destruction: Ubiquitination protects against improper Notch signaling

...ific domain by whichNedd4 interacts with Notch and pinpointed the site of origin for thisinteraction at the cell membrane, a finding congruent with the idea ofNedd4 as an agent of endocytosis. Nedd4’s role as a suppressor of Notchwas illustrated even more plainly when the lab showed that inhibitionof Nedd4 resu...

First 'atlas' of key brain genes could speed research on cancer, neurological diseases

...lated structures.Although the gene regulators were pinpointed using mouse brains, themap applies to the human brain as well. “This is the first systematic mapping of all of the major brain areasthat shows what regulatory genes are expressed in those specificlocations,?said Quifu Ma, PhD, of Dana-Farber’s Cance...

Red delicious, Northern Spy apples have most antioxidants, chemists find

...ture and Agri-Food Canada in Guelph, Ontario, also pinpointed the individual chemical compounds responsible for antioxidant activity in apples. The findings could lead to the breeding of hybrid apples that pack a heftier antioxidant punch. The report appears in the June 29 issue of the American Chemical Societ...

The circadian clock: Understanding nature's timepiece

...eping cells, has mystified scientists since it was pinpointed in the brain about 30 years ago. Now, a researcher at the University of Calgary is getting a little bit closer to understanding how it ticks. Dr. Michael Antle, a neuroscientist in the U of C's Department of Psychology, has conclusively shown that t...

Genetic links could unlock clues to leading cause of blindness

...sion loss could still be stopped. The researchers pinpointed a chromosome region and genetic markers for macular degeneration in humans and rhesus monkeys, findings recently published in the online edition of the journal Experimental Eye Research. Linking the disease in monkeys to the disease in humans allows ...

How monarch butterflies are wired for navigation

... their orientation response. The researchers also pinpointed the location of the circadian clock in the butterfly brain. Such circadian clocks govern the approximately 24 hour activity and metabolic cycles of animals from the simplest insects to humans. Reppert and his colleagues found that key genes responsib...

Study shows how retinoic acid enters a cell's nucleus

...Noy currently is working with an ILBP that she has pinpointed as a pro-carcinogen -- it promotes cancer. Armed with new tools and knowledge, she hopes to figure out how to suppress the ability of this protein to move to the nucleus and promote cancer, perhaps by blocking the hormone that switches on its NLS. I...

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

...uke University Medical Center neurobiologists have pinpointed circuitry in the brains of monkeys that assesses the level of risk in a given action. Their findings -- gained from experiments in which they gave the monkeys a chance to gamble to receive juice rewards -- could give insights into why humans compulsi...

U-M researchers identify new blood test for prostate cancer

...row the field to the 22 biomarkers that most often pinpointed the cancerous blood samples. More than 230,000 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer this year. Current screening methods involve a blood test to check for prostate specific antigen, an enzyme produced by the prostate. But the PSA test is cont...

Anthrax stops body from fighting back, study shows

...er due to quick communication from the doctors who pinpointed the first anthrax infection, Southwick said. Twelve other people contracted cutaneous (skin) anthrax infections, which are not usually fatal. Knowledge about anthrax and how it works has improved since then, too, Hanna said. Now doctors know what ...

Customized gene chip provides rapid detection of genetic changes in children's cancer

... cancer to overtreatment. Cancer researchers have pinpointed specific genetic abnormalities that influence the aggressiveness of neuroblastoma. An important abnormality is loss of heterozygosity (LOH), the deletion of one copy of a pair of genes. When the gene involved is a tumor suppressor gene, LOH removes a...

NIAID researchers show how promising TB drug works

...re genome of the bacterium, the scientists quickly pinpointed the protein altered in the PA-824-resistant mutant strains of M. tb. In the past, such a complete genome comparison might have taken many months of work; this new technology enables scientists to zero in on the specific genetic difference between mut...

Polymer gel can block toxic leakage problem in gene therapy

...would believe this was happening." The study also pinpointed the routes for the viral escapes. Those particles were escaping from the tumor area into the bloodstream through rifts in tiny tumor blood vessels created by damage from the injection needle. Yuan said such viral escapes are inevitable since the nee...

Researchers show how air pollution can cause heart disease

...luted as the air in New York City, the researchers pinpointed specific mechanisms and showed that air pollution can be particularly damaging when coupled with a high-fat diet, according to new research published in the December 21 issue of JAMA. "We established a causal link between air pollution and atheroscl...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

...code. Using these antibodies, Dasen and colleagues pinpointed the pattern of expression of each protein within the set of motor neurons that project to limb muscles. "Once we had these reagents, we were able to obtain the high resolution maps of Hox expression that were necessary to address more complex aspects...

Depression model leaves mice with molecular scar

...ffects other genes there as well. The researchers pinpointed how social defeat changes the BDNF gene's internal machinery. They traced the gene expression changes to long-lasting modifications in histones, proteins that regulate the turning on-and-off of genes via a process called methylation. Methyl groups, t...

Mining for gems in the fungal genome

...t pathology and medical microbiology Nancy Keller, pinpointed the genes responsible for creating dozens of secondary metabolites, a class of compounds that make good drug candidates. Already, analysis of one subset of these genes has revealed that they encode proteins required to produce an anti-tumor agent. ...

Heart-healthy compound in chocolate identified

...of Panama, an international team of scientists has pinpointed a chemical compound that is, in part, responsible, for the heart-healthy benefits of certain cocoas and some chocolate products. The researchers, who are from the University of California, Davis; the Heinrich-Heine University of Duesseldorf, Germany...

Darkness unveils vital metabolic fuel switch between sugar and fat

...type 2 diabetes research. A series of experiments pinpointed 5-prime adenosine monophosphate (5'-AMP) as the key molecular mediator of the constant darkness effect, switching mice from a glucose-burning, fat-storing state to a fat-burning, glucose-conserving lethargy. Active mammals ?a bear foraging for food...

Scientists reveal how deadly toxin hijacks cells

Scientists have pinpointed exactly how botulinum neurotoxin A - a potential agent of biological warfare and one of the most lethal toxins known to man - is able to sneak into cells. The finding is crucial for the development of new treatments against botulism, a paralytic il...

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