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Tag: "phosphate" at biology news

Researchers identify target for cancer drugs

...form a complex, they help activate Akt by adding a phosphate group to a sequence of its amino acids (a process called "phosphorylation"). This process occurs not only in human cells but in other organisms such as the fruit fly. Finding this complex conserved in species as diverse as flies and humans supports ...

NASA links nanobacteria to kidney stones and other diseases

...red in the 1990s and has been found in the calcium phosphate centers of kidney stones. This novel agent has also been detected in related conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, prostatitis, and some cancers. Further testing for the presence of NB in human bodies can help reduce the risk for ...

Second messenger NAADP shows fast, dose-related impact on satiety cycle

...olecule called nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), which is active in cells from plants to humans. NAADP is thought to be a so-called "second messenger," because it works from inside cells, rather than externally. However its mode operation remains unknown ?and controversial in several aspec...

Natural tumor suppressor in body discovered by UCSD medical researchers

.... The scientists demonstrated that PHLPP deletes a phosphate molecule, causing termination of cell-growth signa...olecule is locked in the "on" position when it has phosphate on it, the UCSD team reasoned that there must be another molecule that will strip off the phosphate ...

The making and breaking of microtubules

...letter in the genetic code) plus a sugar and three phosphate groups. But these molecules also regulate enzyme activity and play a crucial role in controlling microtubule growth. When GTP binds to a particular locus on beta tubulin (the E-site or exchangeable site) polymerization occurs: tubulin dimers pile on...

Scientists discover that three molecules may be developed into new Alzheimer's drugs

...phosphorylated," said Kosik. "This means that many phosphate groups attach to tau--modify it--and cause it to b...lprit is an enzyme, called CDK5, that attaches the phosphate to the tau protein, facilitating the disease process. The researchers set out to find a way to inhib...

Scientists at Galileo Pharmaceuticals confirm inflammatory response linked to glucose levels

...phosphorylated," said Kosik. "This means that many phosphate groups attach to tau--modify it--and cause it to b...lprit is an enzyme, called CDK5, that attaches the phosphate to the tau protein, facilitating the disease process. The researchers set out to find a way to inhib...

Beyond genes: Lipid helps cell wall protein fold into proper shape

...heir fatty acid and cholesterol cousins, include a phosphate group that spurs them to form a bilayer with water-friendly outer layers sandwiching an impermeable water-unfriendly inner layer that defines the outer surface of cells. Transport of nutrients and waste material across the cell membrane is then gover...

Sugar helps control cell division

...seems to modify as many proteins as the ubiquitous phosphate groups widely recognized as protein controllers, and it frequently seems to compete with phosphate groups for the same spots on proteins. Hart suggests that a particular balance between O-GlcNAc and ...

Newly Discovered Role for Heart Response Enzyme May Yield Better Heart Failure Therapy

...re. In both cases, PI(3)K functions by attaching a phosphate group to the molecule to be activated, a process called phosphorylation. By preventing activation of tropomyosin by PI(3)K in cells, the researchers prevented heart receptors from leaving the cell surface, thereby blocking the initial step that occu...

UNC scientists discover new role for protein as fundamental inhibitor of cell movement

...is kinase then inhibits cell migration by adding a phosphate group to a host of other proteins in the cell. Thus, the study suggests that CIB1 may be a likely target for new drug development aimed at decreasing tumor metastasis, or spread, throughout the body. "I was ecstatic to see these results and to disc...

A 'dimmer switch' for genes

...erties." The "decorations" that were studied were phosphate molecules, which previously had been shown to buil...ity. "What we found was that each time we added a phosphate to a particular unstructured region of Ets-1, there was an effect on the protein's ability to bind t...

Discovery that bacterium is phosphate gourmet key clue to what makes it most social of bacteria

...discovered that it appears to seek out and consume phosphate in a "gourmet" manner, providing important evidenc...gnalling pathways that were known to be similar to phosphate utilisation pathways (all organisms needs to consume phosphate to thrive). Until now most researcher...

Plant wounds trigger bacteria

... wound; the phenols, in turn, signal VirA to add a phosphate (PO4) group to a related protein, VirG, converting it into an active form. The new study shows that the activated form of VirG causes the tumor-inducing plasmid to replicate up to five times faster than normal by increasing the expression of a prot...

Einstein scientists discover how protein crucial for motion is synthesised at the right place in the cell

...s active only in that part of the cell. Src adds a phosphate group to ZBP1 close to where it binds to messenger RNA, and this phosphorylation reaction detaches ZBP1 from the actin messenger RNA--unlocking the messenger RNA so it can now be translated into the actin protein that makes cell movement possible." ...

University of Delaware researchers develop cancer 'nanobomb'

...eated the explosions in solutions including water, phosphate and salt, which meant the nanobombs could be used in the human body. In fact the explosions were more dramatic in saline solutions, Panchapakesan said. "The nanobomb is very selective, very localized and minimally invasive," Panchapakesan said. "I...

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...tches and modify their target proteins by adding a phosphate group to them. This process, called "phosphorylation," results in altered activity of the phosphorylated protein. It is estimated that 30% of all proteins are regulated by this process. Using technology developed in Snyder's laboratory, graduate st...

Nano machine switches between biological and silicon worlds

...quence of bases. Then the team introduces ATP, the phosphate molecule that provides energy within living cells, into the microfluidics channel. This is the fuel for the motor. The motor then pulls the upright DNA strand through it until it reaches the magnetic bead, like a winch lowering a weather balloon. A ...

Polymer aids in blood clotting, pointing way to new treatment

...mportance that regulates the levels of calcium and phosphate within all cells," said Kornberg, an emeritus professor of biochemistry in Stanford University's School of Medicine. "This acidocalcisome has been identified in cells as diverse as bacteria, the protozoa of tropical diseases and the blood-clotting el...

Bioactive cement scaffold may improve bone grafts

...he now released bone cells. The cement, a calcium phosphate material, is strengthened by adding chitosan, a biopolymer extracted from crustacean shells. The implant is further reinforced to about the same strength as spongy natural bone by covering it with several layers of a biodegradable fiber mesh already ...

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