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Tag: "peptides" at biology news

Epstein-Barr virus protein crucial to its role in blood cancers

...ar case of EBV-driven B-cell lymphoma. The use of peptides to block the interaction between this essential EBV protein and the specific pathway in human B cells is currently underway. Initial studies show that the growth of EBV-associated cancer cells can be inhibited in tissue-culture assays. The investigat...

Defensins neutralize anthrax toxin

...ar case of EBV-driven B-cell lymphoma. The use of peptides to block the interaction between this essential EBV protein and the specific pathway in human B cells is currently underway. Initial studies show that the growth of EBV-associated cancer cells can be inhibited in tissue-culture assays. The investigat...

To control germs, scientists deploy tiny agents provocateurs

...ony by continuously exchanging small molecules and peptides - a process known as quorum sensing. Past a certain density threshold, the colonies unite to initiate group behaviors, such as biofilm formation. Attempting to manipulate quorum sensing in both plant and animal bacteria, Blackwell and her team are d...

Product improves peptide identification for proteomics research

...ence researchers to identify 60 to 80 percent more peptides than preceding models in proteomics applications, such as protein identification and biomarker discovery, potentially leading to a better understanding of diseases like cancer and speeding drug development efforts. The Agilent 1100 Series LC/MSD Trap...

Newly Discovered 'Branding' Process Helps Immune System Cells Pick Their Fights

...nue's group showed that this chemical modifies the peptides presented by antigen-presenting cells in several d...rious types of T cells would react to the modified peptides shown to them by antigen-presenting cells. Unanue's group is working to substantiate their findings...

Engineers improve plastic's potential for use in implants by linking it to biological material

...lion alternatives initially analyzed. These unique peptides were displayed on the outer surface of a harmless ...containing bacteriophages that displayed different peptides to a container with polypyrrole stuck on its inner surface. The bacteriophages that didn't wash away...

Innovative coating could give medical implants a longer life

...hat are closely related to the natural proteins or peptides they mimic but don't degrade in the body. Messersmith and Barron wanted to use this durability of peptoids to the antifouling coating's advantage. They proceeded to intelligently design a new polymer made up of two parts, both playing a key role: a ...

Proteomics brings researchers closer to understanding microbes that produce acid mine drainage

... with "shotgun" mass spectrometry. To identify the peptides from their masses, they turned back to the genomes. The genomes they obtained last year allowed them to predict the proteins in each member of the biofilm community, and from that predict the protein fragments that would result if they were all chopp...

Modified collagen could yield important medical applications

... take place. They attached fluorescent tags to the peptides and observed the glow in collagen that had been mi...olecules. Exactly how and why the collagen and the peptides join is uncertain. But researchers know that collagen molecules form a distinctive triple-helix in w...

Unusual antibiotics show promise against deadly 'superbugs'

... take place. They attached fluorescent tags to the peptides and observed the glow in collagen that had been mi...olecules. Exactly how and why the collagen and the peptides join is uncertain. But researchers know that collagen molecules form a distinctive triple-helix in w...

Bitter or sweet? The same taste bud can tell the difference

...in some taste bud cells. They think that these two peptides ?small proteins that let cells talk to one another...different signal than CCK did, suggesting that the peptides trigger completely different responses in individual cells," Herness said. The researchers also sta...

Bacteria recognize antimicrobials, respond with counter-defenses

.... The bacteria sense the presence of antimicrobial peptides as a warning signal. This alarm sets off a reactio...n demolished, the target. The body's antimicrobial peptides bind to an enzyme, PhoQ, that acts as a watchtower and interceptor near the surface of bacteria cell...

The very defensive caterpillar

...tion of their blood then showed that antibacterial peptides were being produced by the so-called 'fat-body', an organ specialised in protein production. These proteins appear to be able to persist from the initial benign E. coli infection and then confer resistance against the second, usually lethal, infectio...

'Gadonanotubes' greatly outperform existing MRI contrast agents

...thods of attaching disease-specific antibodies and peptides to gadonanotubes so they can be targeted to cancerous tumors and other diseased cells. Co-authors include Rice's Balaji Sitharaman, Kyle Kissell, Keith Hartman and Lesa Tran; the University of Houston's Andrei Baikalov, Irene Rusakova and Yanyi Sun;...

Breast tumors in mice eradicated using cancer vaccine

...he antigen-processing pathway that feeds antigenic peptides to the surface of the cell for recognition by killer T cells is generated in this cellular compartment. "We reasoned that if we could get Listeria to secrete a foreign protein into the interior of the cell, it would target that pathway and would elic...

Plants give pests sock in the gut

...t strains of corn, and it breaks down proteins and peptides in the insects' gut. It is a unique active defense against herbivory," says Dawn Luthe, professor of plant stress biology at Penn State. Luthe and researchers at Mississippi State University have since developed several lines of corn resistant to m...

How the brain learns to become addicted

...hers showing that orexins are important regulatory peptides released by a brain center called the lateral hypothalamus. It was also known that orexins tend to activate circuitry in a region called the ventral tegmental area (VTA), known to be a critical site of neural adaptation, or plasticity, induced by add...

Scientists design potent anthrax toxin inhibitor

...nhibitor that binds at a single site. The multiple peptides on the functionalized liposome are arranged with t...ane. Using the same technique of placing multiple peptides on a liposome, the researchers also created a polyvalent inhibitor of cholera toxin that functioned ...

New strategy rapidly identifies cancer targets

...s called peptides. Next, they extracted all of the peptides carrying extra phosphates and sent them through a ...ibrary of Medicine, identifying each of the team's peptides as a segment of a specific protein. The analysis showed that many of the peptides came from tyrosine...

'LEGO-Like' building blocks to halt cell growth wins Hebrew University prize

...ctures made up of known pharmaceutically effective peptides (small protein molecules) that are attached to tai...h scaffold is specifically designed to combine the peptides in such a way that they will form an effective medicinal combination and so that they will bind to t...

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