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Tag: "patterns" at biology news

Getting an evolutionary handle on life after reproduction

...irst reproduction, investment in reproduction, and patterns of senescence, including declines in reproduction. Since guppies are livebearers that provide no postnatal maternal care, Reznick et al. predicted the populations would show no differences in postreproductive lifespan--which is what they found. Tho...

Fish evolve a longer lifespan by evolving a longer reproductive period, researchers find

...g that, yes, fish do have menopause. Indeed, their patterns of growing old are similar to those of mammals." The researchers' statistical analysis also showed that regardless of which environments the guppies lived in, there were no differences among their populations in the probability of having a post-repr...

Researchers develop new method for studying 'mental time travel'

...canner to capture the participants' brain activity patterns as they studied the images. They then trained a computer program to distinguish between the patterns of brain activity associated with studying faces, locations or objects. The computer program was us...

DNA self-assembly used to mass-produce patterned nanostructures

...e structures in the shape of a 4x4 grids, on which patterns of molecules can be specified. They said the achie...scopy (AFM). An image of the grids with the letter patterns is available at http://www.dukenews.duke.edu/mmedia/hires/dna.jpg >. The scientists, members ...

Scientists observe how a close bond activates the immune system

...itic cells actively present proteins to T cells in patterns that stimulate the periphery of the bull's eye in the immunological synapse, using molecular organization to provide information about the precise nature of the threat associated with the antigen. ...

Researchers know what you were about to say; fMRI used to detect memory storage and retrieval

...emory retrieval is like revisiting the past; brain patterns that are long gone can be revived by the memory system." ...

HIV drug resistance increasing in UK and among highest in the world

...rs could track if there were changes to resistance patterns as time went on. They found that 335 people showed some degree of resistance to one or more antiretroviral drugs in total. Most of these people ?257 ?were resistant to drugs within one class only, 44 cases showed resistance to drugs within two class...

First big influenza genome study reveals flu evolution

..., and swine flu isolates, to recognize influenza's patterns of genetic change. To do so, TIGR has built an innovative viral genomics lab, which is ramping up to sequence 100 influenza genomes weekly. Influenza poses a major public health problem. In an ordinary year, the flu kills up to a half million peopl...

Did feathered dinosaurs exist?

...hey suggest that decomposition of skin can lead to patterns resembling feathers. Birds have been thought to be related to theropod dinosaurs because both groups have a hand reduced to three digits. Theropods are known from fossil evidence to exhibit a hand with digits 1-2-3, the thumb and next two digits. H...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

...ed germination, photosynthesis and pigmentation to patterns of growth and flowering. Now, for the first time, scientists have obtained a detailed map of one of biology's most important light detectors, a protein found in many species across life's plant, fungal, and bacterial kingdoms. By resolving the three...

How Fruitflies Know It's Time for Lunch

... olfactory and gustatory signals influence feeding patterns remains murky. In a new study, Michael Pankratz and Christoph Melcher used genetic analysis to gain insight into the adult and larval neural networks that use taste information to regulate eating. Specifically, they found that several types of neuro...

Free-energy theory borne out in large-scale protein folding

...captured fluorescence and ultraviolet polarization patterns given off by the proteins as they folded. "The novelty of this work is the direct and quantitative comparison of the time-dependent simulation data with the experimental measurements from circular dichroism and tryptophan fluorescence," Das said. "T...

Gene Expression in the Aging Brain

...rst demonstration that age-related gene expression patterns can differ in different cells of a single organism... authors found a similar difference in age-related patterns in the brain of the chimpanzee, with many genes down-regulated in the cortex that remained unchanged...

Navigating the brain for sense of direction as paradigm for higher cognitive functions

...rst demonstration that age-related gene expression patterns can differ in different cells of a single organism... authors found a similar difference in age-related patterns in the brain of the chimpanzee, with many genes down-regulated in the cortex that remained unchanged...

Carnegie Mellon scientists create PNA molecule with potential to build nanodevices

...rst demonstration that age-related gene expression patterns can differ in different cells of a single organism... authors found a similar difference in age-related patterns in the brain of the chimpanzee, with many genes down-regulated in the cortex that remained unchanged...

Microarray technology for tailoring breast cancer therapy

...rently used clinical markers. Using the expression patterns of the 64 genes identified by the researchers gave significantly better(P=0.007) prediction rates than histological grading, tumour stage and age - which are all accepted prognostic markers for breast cancer. The present lack of criteria to help tai...

Overfishing may drive endangered seabird to rely upon lower quality food

...gered species, the researchers said. "The dietary patterns of today's marbled murrelets might be artifacts of the profound changes that coastal marine ecosystems world-wide have undergone because of overfishing," said Steve Beissinger, professor of conservation biology in UC Berkeley's Department of Environm...

Researchers make long DNA 'wires' for future medical and electronic devices

... narrow, very long wires that can be designed into patterns for molecular electronics or biosensors," Lee said. "And in our case, we want to try to build tools for gene delivery, DNA recombination, and maybe even gene repair, down the road." The longest strands are one millimeter (thousandths of a meter) lon...

USC researchers track down the stem cells that create feathers

...In this way, we can take advantage of the distinct patterns of the feather as a model to understand the fundamental principles of organ formation and regeneration," Chuong notes. "Nature is the best teacher for tissue engineering. What we decipher from our animal models can then be applied to help human stem ...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

...udes interneurons that control motor neuron firing patterns and sensory neurons that transmit feedback informa...ly expressed, but were expressed in highly precise patterns that corresponded to anatomically-defined motor neuron pools," said Jessell. Dasen's functional ana...

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