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Tag: "patterns" at biology news

U-M scientists discover identifying markers for primitive blood-forming stem cells

...lls. "SLAM is the first family of receptors whose patterns of gene expression can be used to precisely distinguish hematopoietic stem cells from progenitor cells, and to identify stem cells in tissue sections," says Sean Morrison, Ph.D., an associate professor of internal medicine and of cell and development...

MBL researchers probe how an ancient microbe thrives and evolves without sex

...rveyed the diversity, structural organization, and patterns of evolution of DNA transposons. The scientists found that DNA transposons in bdelloid rotifers are in a different, perhaps less damaging, location than those found in other creatures. Many bdelloid DNA transposons have the same surrounding sequence...

What Makes The Brain Tick, Tick, Tick: Researchers Gaining New Insights Into Brain's Internal Clock

...volving the "coincidence detection" of oscillatory patterns of neural activity. The striatum is a part of the brain structure known as the basal ganglia, which control basic body functions such as movement. In this model, explained Buhusi, "each structure in the brain contributes its own resonance, and all t...

Female butterflies go for sparkle -- not size -- when choosing to mate

... of the evolutionary reasons behind butterfly wing patterns in the African satyrid butterfly, Bicyclus anynana... What are the selective forces that maintain these patterns constant through time in any one species in nature?" In this butterfly species, females make the ul...

Complex gene interactions account for autism risk

...on and communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of interest or behavior. While many previous studies have identified possible genes with links to autism, there remains no single gene with a consistent connection to the disease, Pericak-Vance said. Multiple lines of evidence, including alteration...

Studies on human genome variation provide insight into disease

...y examined these flanking repetitive sequences for patterns of polymorphisms. "Our results show that there are intervals with more frequent traffic of genetic material ?regions with higher rates of gene conversion or recombination ?that are indicative of genomic instability," explains Morrow. "With this kno...

Housecat-sized Siberian tiger cubs get collared

...y examined these flanking repetitive sequences for patterns of polymorphisms. "Our results show that there are intervals with more frequent traffic of genetic material ?regions with higher rates of gene conversion or recombination ?that are indicative of genomic instability," explains Morrow. "With this kno...

Applying ecological laws to bacteria

...gy & Hydrology (CEH) in Oxford, found that the patterns of abundance and genetic diversity of bacteria liv...n. The finding that microorganisms follow the same patterns as plants and animals has potential significance in medicine, agriculture and pollution-control. By ...

Researchers use brain scans to predict behavior

...activity in those regions. Based on brain activity patterns that reflected whether the subjects used the hint or not, scientists found they could frequently predict whether a volunteer's response would be right or wrong before the volunteers even had a chance to try to see the dots. Results are published on...

MicroRNAs have shaped the evolution of the majority of mammalian genes

...uestion, the researchers turned to gene expression patterns of different types of mouse cells. Kyle Kai-How Farh, a graduate student in Bartel's lab, found that mRNAs with nonconserved sites were generally absent in cells with corresponding microRNAs--more absent than statistical models suggested. The resear...

Climate change will affect carbon sequestration in oceans, model shows

...xide in the ocean basins and the ocean circulation patterns themselves, Jain said. As sea-surface temperatures increase, the density of the water decreases and thus slows the ocean thermohaline circulation, so the ocean's ability to absorb carbon dioxide also decreases. This leaves more carbon dioxide in the ...

How 'Dirt' Could Educate The Immune System And Help Treat Asthma

...xide in the ocean basins and the ocean circulation patterns themselves, Jain said. As sea-surface temperatures increase, the density of the water decreases and thus slows the ocean thermohaline circulation, so the ocean's ability to absorb carbon dioxide also decreases. This leaves more carbon dioxide in the ...

Human cerebellum and cortex age in very different ways

...we do," Plotkin says. "It appears that genome-wide patterns of aging evolve very rapidly." The scientists say their results may cast some doubt on the effectiveness of mice and other species to model various types of neurodegenerative disease: If human and chimpanzee brains age in markedly dissimilar ways, t...

Cracking the perception code

...g is vibrating, Romo said. But the neurons' firing patterns are complex, and it's been tricky to tease out "wh...nformation into neuronal firing and how the firing patterns are interpreted by perceptual areas of the brain is a huge challenge in neurophysiology, one that's ...

Beach pollution is worst during new and full moon

...ughout Southern California, keeping track of tidal patterns and analyzing them for concentrations of enterococci -- bacteria that allow scientists to estimate the risk of illness from swimming in marine waters. "This is the largest array of beaches examined at the same time for a similar pattern," says Alexan...

Grabbing addiction by the tail

...ug. Such behavior parallels the compulsive thought patterns that people addicted to drugs experience, said Anthony Phillips, Wang's colleague at the University of British Columbia and a co-author of the article. After keeping the rats drug-free for 21 days, the researchers gave the animals a small amount of...

Embryonic stem cells accrue genetic changes

... three of the genes did show different methylation patterns in late batches compared to early batches. The scientists' analysis revealed that five of the nine cell lines had extra or fewer copies of at least one section of their genetic material in the late batch compared to the same cell line's early batc...

Student scientists create living bacterial photographs

...ne day be used to build different tissues based on patterns of light or make bacteria that can produce structures useful in medical treatments. The students are already busy on their next innovation--bacteria that can find and create a line around the edges of an image, a process that requires the bacteria t...

MicroRNA gene that regulates lifespan found by Yale scientists

...-timing gene it controls, lin-4 and lin-14, affect patterns of cellular development at very specific stages. Slack's group found that mutations in these genes alter both the timing of the worm development stages-- and the worm lifespan. C. elegans has been the premier model organism for studying the genetic...

Breath of the dragon: ERS-2 and Envisat reveal impact of economic growth on China's air quality

...re in the winter as a result of differing emission patterns and meteorology. For example more fuel is burned for heating and nitrogen dioxide persists longer in the atmosphere at that less sunny time of year - lasting around a day rather than hours, as in the summer. "Meteorology also plays a role. There is ...

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