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Tag: "pathological" at biology news

Gene screen for breast cancer better than pathologist's 'eye'

.... "It can be a valuable tool, in combination with pathological review, for breast cancer as well as other diseases where fluid can be obtained relatively easily, such as lung, head and neck cancers, pancreatic and cervical cancers." Pathologists look for telltale shapes of cells to determine if cancer is pre...

Brain's 'gambling circuitry' identified

...y risk taking. To date, it is unknown whether such pathological decision making under risk is due to misperception...isperception versus cognitive impairments in these pathological cases, may suggest different treatment approaches, and may also gauge the impact on and the feedback...

A splice of the action: Translational role for WT1 isoform

...or 1 (WT1) protein is important to both normal and pathological human development, with known roles in kidney and urogenital formation as well as several human cancers. Dr. Hammarskjold and colleagues reveal that WT1 works not only at the transcriptional level, but also at the post-transcriptional level to reg...

Analysis of breast-cancer gene role offers promising target

...nformation that cannot be obtained by conventional pathological examination." Dr. Debu Tripathy, professor of internal medicine, director of the Komen/UT Southwestern Breast Cancer Research Program and a coauthor of the study, said the biochemical process triggered by uPAR, called the urokinase plasminogen act...

Enzyme shreds Alzheimer's protein

...vels in neurons. And they found that introducing a pathological form of Aß, called Aß1-42, into neurons increased CatB in young and middle-aged mice with human APP, but not old mice. "Thus, upregulation of CatB may represent a protective mechanism that fails with aging," wrote the researchers, and such failure ma...

Parkinson's mutation stunts neurons

... inherited form of PD that mimics the clinical and pathological features of the common sporadic form of the disease. LRRK2 stands for "leucine-rich repeat kinase-2," which means that the LRRK2 protein is an enzyme called a kinase--a biochemical switch that activates other proteins by attaching a molecule called a...

Mayo Clinic: Gene expression profiling not quite perfected in predicting lung cancer prognosis

...me prediction between gene expression profiles and pathological features overlap significantly. Current analytic...iven a group of patients with similar clinical and pathological characteristics. Lay out and compare alternative study designs Carefully select samples in terms...

Protein 'fingerprint' in spinal fluid could spot Alzheimer's disease

...ysis proved to be proteins with known links to the pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease," said Relkin. For example, some of the biomarkers are associated with proteins that clog the brains of Alzheimer's patients. Others molecules were linked to inflammation, also a part of Alzheimer's brain patholo...

MIT: Pulsing light silences overactive neurons

...ns and neurons contribute to specific behaviors or pathological states, Boyden said. The halorhodopsin gene was originally discovered in the 1980s, but Boyden didn't think its full potential had been explored. The protein expressed by the gene turned out to have exactly the right characteristics to make it use...

How T lymphocytes attack

...eptor which is complementary to the antigen in the pathological cells to be eliminated. Alerted by the presence of this antigen, the T lymphocytes are activated. Having identified an infectious or tumour cell, they bind to it and target it with a fatal load of enzymes. When T lymphocytes infiltrate a tumou...

Morphine makes lasting -- and surprising -- change in the brain

...s reinforce the notion that addiction is a form of pathological learning." Kauer, a professor in the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology at Brown, is interested in how the brain stores information. Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is critical to this process. In LTP, connection...

Napoleon's mysterious death unmasked, UT Southwestern researcher says

...can, Swiss and Canadian researchers applied modern pathological and tumor-staging methods to historical accounts and found that Napoleon died of a very advanced case of gastric cancer that stemmed from an ulcer-causing bacterial infection in his stomach, rather than a heretofore belief of a hereditary disposition...

Penn study on lung-infecting bacterial enzyme suggests new approach to cystic fibrosis treatment

... why the severity of CF symptoms did not match the pathological effect of the CF mutation alone. The study was published this month in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The research, conducted by Zhe Lu, MD, PhD; Yajamana Ramu, PhD; and Yanping Xu, MD, PhD, of the Department of Physiology, s...

'Night owls' report more insomnia-related symptoms

...e persons who are labeled a “night owl?report more pathological symptoms related to insomnia, despite many having the opportunity to compensate for their nocturnal sleeplessness by extending their time in bed and being able to gain more total sleep time, according to a study published in the April 15th issue of t...

Anti-wrinkle compound causes pathological reaction in skin cells

...ommonly used in many antiwrinkle products causes a pathological reaction in skin cells. Guillaume Morissette, Luci...e cream. The thickening of the skin induced by the pathological swelling of the fibroblasts would explain the antiwrinkle effect of DMAE, according to the researche...

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

...urvival after exposure to toxins known to simulate pathological mechanisms in HD. The manuscript shows that cellular changes due to expression of huntingtin protein with longer CAG repeats can reduce the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) function in Huntington¡¦s disease cells. Following compromise of the UPS,...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...tists want to see - for example, to understand the pathological protein mis-folding and assembly that seem to underlie a host of human disorders, including diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Now, chemists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have designed a powerful analytical tool capable of measuring mole...

Female-led infanticide in wild chimpanzees

...n had been that female-led infanticide represented pathological behavior, or was a means of obtaining nutritional ...d infanticides are neither the result of isolated, pathological behaviors nor the by-product of male aggression, but instead appear to represent part of the female ...

How to steer a moving cell

...ally integrated to steer the cell under normal and pathological conditions. "A surprising finding was that many of the proteins identified in the neuronal network, the ‘wiring diagram?that controls early development of neural networks in the embryo, are also found to control the movement of normal and cancerou...

Gene malfunctions cause schizophrenia, depression symptoms in mice

...nt mutant variations of DISC1 might have different pathological effects. To test this theory, the researchers screened a large population of mouse mutants to isolate two with different mutations in DISC1. They found that, indeed, one of the mutant mouse strains exhibited behavioral abnormalities and memory def...

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