Tag: "pathogens" at biology news

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...h those reported in two other amitochondrial human pathogens of global importance: Trichomonas vaginalis and Giardia lamblia. "The enzymes that form the basis of these shared metabolic strategies are substantially different from human enzymes, making them potential targets of inhibitors that could form the ba...

Learning to fight an adversary that won't stay down

...biology techniques have shown just how adept these pathogens are at adapting to anything we can throw at them. ... must remain cautious about exposing the bacterial pathogens to the newest and most effective drugs so as to avoid overuse and the accompanying onset of resistan...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

...ave introns, they don't have Group I introns. Many pathogens that cause human diseases, however, do have Group I introns, including the HIV opportunistic infections pneumocystis, a form of pneumonia, and thrush, an infection of tissues in the oral cavity. This makes introns a potential target for therapeutics ...

Scientists rid stem cell culture of key animal cells

...an animal molecule. The potential threat of animal pathogens tainting human stem cell lines poses a problem for the safe clinical use of many, if not all, of the current cell lines now in use. Until now, scientists have had to grow and sustain stem cells through the tedious daily task of generating mouse feed...

DNA Recombination and Repair—A New Twist to RecA Function

...or instance, the march of white blood cells toward pathogens is powered by the growth of actin filaments pushing against the cells?membranes. In all cases, coherent motion implies a coordinated and polarized use of energy. Now, Julia Cox, Oleg Tsodikov, and Michael Cox present evidence indicating that filamen...

International trial of two microbicides begins

...ed to act by inhibiting the entry of HIV and other pathogens into body cells. BufferGel, a product of ReProtect, Inc., Baltimore, MD, boosts the natural acidity of the vagina in the presence of seminal fluid that neutralizes the vaginal environment. An acidic environment inactivates HIV as well as other pathog...

MetaChip provides quick, efficient toxicity screening of potential drugs

...ed to act by inhibiting the entry of HIV and other pathogens into body cells. BufferGel, a product of ReProtect, Inc., Baltimore, MD, boosts the natural acidity of the vagina in the presence of seminal fluid that neutralizes the vaginal environment. An acidic environment inactivates HIV as well as other pathog...

Examination of internal 'wiring' of yeast, worm, and fly reveals conserved circuits

...ery gene in the genomes of everything from malaria pathogens and mosquitoes to mouse and human. Databases of genomic information have been combined with databases that list the precise subunit sequence of proteins as well. Cross-species DNA and protein comparisons have become routine for all biologists with co...

UF Researchers Map Bacterial Proteins That Cause Tooth Loss

...step will be to expose P. gingivalis to other oral pathogens to determine what interactions may exist that contribute to infection, he said. “This study is important in that we now have an understanding of the protein expression on a global scale for this pathogen,?Lamont said. “Now we need to see how it adap...

Researchers develop rapid diagnostic tool for pathogen identification

...ated in an assay that detects and discriminates 22 pathogens including viruses and bacteria that can present as...ction of genetic polymorphisms. Genetic probes for pathogens were coupled to markers known as mass codes. After amplification, incorporated mass codes were detec...

A new study examines how shared pathogens affect host populations

Many pathogens are able to infect multiple species within a commu...life, and species of agricultural importance. Many pathogens like malaria, Lyme disease or West Nile encephalitis that infect multiple hosts are commonly transmi...

Drug-resistant bacteria on poultry products differ by brand

...sing antibiotics increases food safety by reducing pathogens on the meat. Interestingly, in addition to the results regarding fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter, we also found that brands that do not use any antibiotics during production were no more likely to contain Campylobacter than those that do. In ...

Substance protects resilient staph bacteria

...ents for S. epidermidis and related Staphylococcal pathogens that also produce PGA, according to the RML scient...the PGA, it could be highly successful against all pathogens in which PGA is a basis for disease development, such as Staph and anthrax." The group used genetic...

Chemists identify immune system mechanism for methamphetamine binges

...on." Just as a vaccine is able to remove invading pathogens by using antibodies to the pathogen, antibodies to methamphetamine attack and begin to clear the drug, Janda says. If the antibodies prevent some of the drug from reaching its place of action in the brain's pleasure center, users might require more o...

PGA on a tour under the skin

...acis, but several differences exist in how the two pathogens use PGA to their advantage. PGA is currently used as an antigen for vaccine production against Anthrax This paper presents PGA as a promising target for drug development aimed at combating these hospital-acquired infections and other illnesses cause...

Scientists discover how plants disarm the toxic effects of excessive sunlight

...hotosynthetic bacteria, including human and animal pathogens like Vibrio and Pseudomonads have systems to sense and protect themselves from singlet oxygen, says Donohue. Other reactive oxygen species - often called "free radicals" - are thought to be at the root of many debilitating diseases. "There have been...

Researchers identify protein crucial for survival of Lyme-disease bacterium

... Norgard said. Traditionally, scientists studying pathogens have looked at genes that affect how the infecting organisms behave once inside a human host. What tends to get ignored, Dr. Norgard said, is the other side of the coin. "This organism has to live half of its life cycle in a tick," he said. "There m...

Computational Method Speeds Mapping of Cell Signaling Networks

...complex signaling network to protect the body from pathogens such as viruses. When a T-cell encounters a foreign invader, it relays a danger signal throughout the cell, activating it for a quick response. These signals prompt activated T-cells to multiply rapidly and send out molecular "distress signals" that ...

New lab technique identifies high levels of pathogens in therapy pool

... identified a surprisingly high number of airborne pathogens in a Midwest therapy pool, pointing to the need fo...r at CU-Boulder, said the high presence of aerosol pathogens poses the greatest concern for very young children, the elderly and people whose immune systems are ...

Microbial forensics: The next great forensic challenge

...ges posed by bioterrorism, including that numerous pathogens exist in nature and do not necessarily require sophisticated expertise or technology to be weaponized; many methods could be used by adversaries to perpetrate an attack, from simple to complex; physicians may not diagnose early symptoms of disease if...

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