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Tag: "passes" at biology news

Ants show us how to make super-highways

... be extremely uneven and full of ‘pot holes’ as it passes over leaves and branches on the forest floor. The study, by Dr Scott Powell and Professor Nigel Franks at the University of Bristol, and reported in the June issue of Animal Behaviour, shows that these living ‘plugs’ improve the quality of the sur...

Study shows isolation of stem cells may lead to a treatment for hearing loss

...e hair cell to release an electrical impulse which passes along the auditory nerve to the brain. If the sound is too loud, the hair cells are damaged and no longer send signals to the brain. Severely damaged hair cells do not repair themselves nor do they regenerate naturally. While further research ...

Mimicking how the brain recognizes street scenes

... Pixel-like information enters from the retina and passes in a fast feed-forward, bottom-up sweep through the hierarchical architecture of the visual cortex. What makes the Poggio lab's model so innovative and powerful is that, computationally speaking, it mimics the brain's own hierarchy. Specifically, the...

Chemical switch triggers critical cell activities

...age of a molecular relay race, in which one enzyme passes off a protein like a baton to another enzyme, has solved a key mystery to how cells control some vital functions, according to investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. A report on this work appears in the January 14 advanced online pub...

The connector rotation hypothesis? Phage do not pack their DNA by rotation

...s been subject to debate, but we know that the DNA passes into the capsid shell through a channel formed by a structure called the connector. Scientists have speculated that rotation of the connector complex might feed the DNA into the capsid as it turns. In a new study published online this week in the ...

Bird flu -- Call for antiviral drugs to be shared

...d a worldwide human epidemic yet because it rarely passes between people. If it does acquire this ability, it would take 6-8 months to develop a vaccine effective against the new virus. Public health officials therefore need to consider how they would protect people during the first few months of a pandemic...

U of M researchers invent 'flashy' new process to turn soy oil, glucose into hydrogen

..." Because the catalytic disk is porous, the syngas passes through it and is collected downstream in the tube. No external heat is needed, because the chemical reactions that produce syngas release enough heat to break up subsequent molecules of oil or sugar. "The secret is ultrafast flash volatilization [...

Malaria vaccine prompts victims' immune system to eliminate parasite from mosquitoes

...rasite imbeds itself in the gut lining. There, it passes through discrete stages, before migrating to the insect's salivary glands, where it is passed on to the next host through a mosquito bite. The protein Pfs25 (Plasmodium falciparum surface protein 25) is found only on the surface of the ookinette,...

Pure carbon nanotubes pass first in vivo test

...t near infrared light. Because near-infrared light passes harmlessly into the body, biomedical researchers are keen to use carbon nanotubes for the noninvasive diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as cancer and atherosclerosis. In the current study, Weisman, Curley and colleagues injected lab animals...

New strategy developed to combat West Nile Virus

...osquito infects the birds and another species then passes the disease along to humans. "Florida has one species of mosquito that routinely bites both," he added. Not all of the world's more than 3,600 species of mosquitoes transmit diseases to humans. The mosquito must be sufficiently competent to act as ...

A sweet solution for Alzheimer's disease?

...ained. Scyllo-inositol, on the other hand, readily passes through the blood-brain barrier where it is made available to the central nervous system. Even if scyllo-inositol does prove safe and effective in humans, patients will likely still need drugs designed to attack other aspects of Alzheimer's patholog...

Movie spies on malaria parasite's sneaky behavior

...lasmodium falciparum, has a complex life cycle. It passes from a mosquito's saliva to a human's blood, and then travels to the liver, where it infects and kills liver cells. After it leaves the liver, the parasite moves back into the bloodstream to infect and kill red blood cells. The rupturing of blood cel...

Researchers show how brain decodes complex smells

...en in the olfactory bulb. Instead, the bulb likely passes the data to more advanced brain structures where it is assembled and recognized as a specific scent. Understanding how the olfactory system works in mice may also provide broader insights into human perception, said Stephen Shea, Ph.D., a Duke Unive...

Light guides flight of migratory birds

...tense polarized light 90 degrees from the sun that passes directly overhead through the zenith and intersects the horizon 90 degrees to the right and left of the sun. Just as the sun location changes with latitude and the time of year, so does the alignment of the band of polarized light. Muheim and Phil...

Creating a window on 'oceans in motion'

...aces (sending the archived data to a satellite) or passes one of many acoustic receivers arrayed on the ocean floor along the coastal shelf, akin to the process of scanning UPC codes at a store check-out. "Every fish, every pelagic animal is a submarine and we have much to learn by electronically harvest...

UF scientists test improved gene therapy method for hereditary heart conditions

...ty of California at Davis showed that AAV-9 easily passes into the heart muscle in primates after a single intravenous injection, and the effects are long lasting. "AAV-9 had a particular affinity for heart muscle that AAV-8 didn't," Byrne said. "Right now AAV-9 seems to be our best solution for heart pro...

Nanopore method could revolutionize genome sequencing

... fast, inexpensive technique to sequence DNA as it passes through tiny pores. The advance brings personaliz...rbations generated by a single strand of DNA as it passes through a pore more than a thousand times smaller than the diameter of a human hair. Because sequen...

Outsmarting the smartie bug

...ezing and other aerosols. However, it occasionally passes from the airways to invade other tissues. This can lead to any one of a range of diseases including meningitis and infections of the sinuses, ear, lungs and blood. Why it switches to become invasive is not known. The team sequenced all genes requir...

Genomics-based vaccine could prevent deadly cattle disease

...e malignant. The white blood cell then unwittingly passes small fragments of the secreted parasitic proteins associated with a certain type if its own proteins along to its cell surface. And this is where a vaccine could come in: A vaccine made of the T. parva proteins found on the surface of host cells s...

Limiting the damage in stroke

...something similar in our own brain cells. As NF-kB passes a variety of other important signals, pharmaceutical companies have already been developing molecules that target parts of the signaling pathway. ...

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