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Tag: "paradoxical" at biology news

Fat screen delivers plant-derived chemical with antidiabetic effects

...or ã (PPARã). "The current explanation for this paradoxical mode of action is the idea that the body needs a place to store lipids," Tontonoz said. "If the body becomes less able to store lipids in fat, it may deposit in other tissues," where it can spur disease. Despite their efficacy, the development and...

UCLA AIDS Institute researchers find a peptide that encourages HIV infection

... but at the moment there's no explanation for this paradoxical result." Still, the findings seem to show promise in gene therapy. ...

Mimicking how the brain recognizes street scenes

...edingly difficult because a computer model has two paradoxical goals. It needs to create a representation for a particular object that is very specific, such as a horse as opposed to a cow or a unicorn. At the same time the representation must be sufficiently "invariant" so as to discard meaningless changes in p...

Scientists find hormone activity explains adolescent mood swings

...ress also increased anxiety at puberty, due to the paradoxical effects of this hormone that is released by stress. Dr. Smith and colleagues identified the site on human recombinant alpha4-beta2-delta GABA-A receptors that produced the anxiety response, and were able to mutate the site to prevent the novel ef...

Heavy smoking cuts women's chance of pregnancy -- even with donated oocytes

... in others. "It is already known that there is paradoxical dose-dependent effect of nicotine on ovarian tissue. Maybe the same effect is happening in uterine tissue. The effect of a certain molecule depends, not only on its concentration, but also on the concentration of its receptors and all the other molec...

Therapeutic role found for carbon monoxide

...f The Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM). The paradoxical theory that carbon monoxide (CO), the colorless, odorless gas often dubbed "the silent killer," could be used to prevent the onset of certain inflammatory conditions was first proposed in 1998. Since then, numerous studies have shown that when admini...

Eat less, weigh more? Enzyme makes lean mice 'susceptible' to dietary fat

...in why the absence of CPT1c may have its seemingly paradoxical effect. Under normal circumstances, says Wolfgang, body weight is maintained by a combination of food intake and energy expenditure, how hungry the body is, and how much energy cells need. Many cells in the body use a sugar called glucose as a sour...

Weizmann Institute scientists discover a molecular security mechanism for keeping mutations in check

...fferent "careless" enzymes. Although this may seem paradoxical ?intuitively, more careless enzymes should mean more mutations ?each of these enzymes is tailored to deal with certain specifics types of DNA damage. This specialization is what keeps the level of mutation, and thus the cancer risk, low. But the exi...

Pathway toward gene silencing described in plants

... the de novo cytosine methyltransferase, DRM2. A paradoxical aspect of the pathway is that siRNAs direct DNA methylation but DNA methylation is also required for the production siRNAs. "It's a circular pathway. You have to produce the siRNA in order to have them come back and methylate the loci, which someho...

Ritalin packs punch by elevating norepinephrine, suppressing nerve signal transmissions

...want to unlock the mystery of why the drug has the paradoxical effect of decreasing hyperactive behavior and increasing the ability to focus, even though it is a stimulant, said Barry Waterhouse, the study's senior author. "We're developing a series of behavioral and electrophysiological assays for examining th...

Most embryos produced during IVF do not result in live births

... practitioners in the reproductive clinic are in a paradoxical situation," Patrizio added. "There is pressure to reduce multiple births, but we need to do so knowing that the majority of the embryos that are transferred do not implant. It is difficult to strike a balance between these two needs." Patrizio said ...

Protease inhibitors reach beyond HIV

...at higher concentrations. The mechanisms for these paradoxical data are unclear, as is whether PI therapy would aid CD4 T cell reconstitution in HIV patients in vivo. In a study appearing online on June 2 in advance of the print publication of the July 1 print issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, And...

Discovery of an American salamander where it shouldn't be: Korea

...ered in heavily populated Sri Lanka. "It's a very paradoxical situation. On the one hand, amphibians are declining, and they are in terrible difficulty, and on the other, we are discovering new species," said Wake. "I think there still are a lot of surprises to come in, especially with respect to nocturnal orga...

Deficiency of growth hormone and IGF-1 reduces cancer and kidney disease, but creates other problems

...ulin-like growth factor 1) on adult rats and found paradoxical effects, according to William E. Sonntag, Ph.D., professor of physiology and pharmacology at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center and the lead investigator. "Things that happen when you are an adolescent may have an impact on how long you l...

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