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Tag: "pair" at biology news

Tracking the memory trace

... trace in Drosophila or fruit flies is formed in a pair of neurons called the dorsal pair medial neurons, but only 30 minutes after the fact and only through the mediation of a gene called, ...

Why the Amazon rainforest is so rich in species

...roup of species. If the DNA is similar between any pair of species, they must have split recently. If the DNA has diverged a great deal between species, the species are probably ancient. Some groups contain very young and rapidly evolving species, such as the Amazonian tiger-stripe butterflies [the genus...

ASU researchers 'wire' DNA to identify mutations

...nce. What they found was that just a single base pair mutation in a DNA molecule, such as substituting an A for a G, can cause a significant change in the conductance of the molecule. The measurement is extremely sensitive, as the alteration of a single base in the DNA stack can either increase or decre...

Viagra's hidden help for wildlife

...e species used in TCM impotence treatments. The pair attributed some of this decline to Viagra, despite scepticism among many academics and wildlife experts. In 2002, the global market for TCM products and treatments was valued at more than $20 billion, according to the Chinese firm Shenzhen Matrix I...

Researchers quantify more noise in gene expression

... the activation of the galactose-fluorescence gene pair in experiments with one to five copies of the gene pair per cell, the team was able to measure the extrinsic-noise floor, a parameter that is needed to crea...

DNA self-assembly used to mass-produce patterned nanostructures

... arm of the cross, about 10 nanometers long, had a pair of "sticky ends" where the DNA strand was made of ...llenge was to specify a sequence of bases for each pair of sticky ends at the end of each of the 16 tiles' four arms (a total of 128 sequences) that would b...

Male elephants woo females with precise chemistry

...ntiomers in signaling." An enantiomer is one of a pair of chemical compounds whose molecular structures a...orms, each representing one half of the enantiomer pair and identified as either "plus" or "minus." The OHSU and New Zealand team showed that the enantiome...

Removing egg from nest may help save endangered whooping crane

...rved pecking the later-born bird to death. Also, a pair of chicks is more likely to attract the attention of a predator and parents can be more attentive if they only have a single chick to protect. Even though long-term fitness is almost the same whether one egg or two is laid, the risk of extinction f...

Brains response to visual stimuli helps us to focus on what we should see, rather than all there is to see

... and Yoshimura sought to look at the networks that pair together excitatory and inhibitory neurons. These neurons work directly with each other to shape responses to stimuli. This "go-no" kind of interaction is necessary, Callaway says, or a positive feedback of chemical signals across neuronal synapses w...

'Smart' nanoprobes light up disease

...ily returned. Ultimately, the researchers hope to pair a series of quantum dots, each with a unique NIR optical signature, to an index of linker proteases. "There is currently a critical need for methods to simultaneously image the activity of multiple proteases in vivo," said Drezek. "This is important...

Customized gene chip provides rapid detection of genetic changes in children's cancer

...eterozygosity (LOH), the deletion of one copy of a pair of genes. When the gene involved is a tumor suppressor gene, LOH removes a brake on uncontrolled cell growth, the growth that is the hallmark of cancer. Researchers in Dr. Maris' laboratory previously established that LOH in a region of chromosome 1...

MicroRNAs have shaped the evolution of the majority of mammalian genes

...ness of the organism, have quickly lost sites that pair up with microRNAs. In addition to the thousands of cases where genes have avoided microRNA targeting, Farh also investigated the opposite extreme, cases where genes have maintained microRNA target sites over the course of evolution. He found that a...

DNA size a crucial factor in genetic mutations, study finds

... base, choosing for instance a G instead of a T to pair with an A. The rate that the enzyme accurately cop...pposed to match up with A, it might be inclined to pair with G, which has a slightly larger configuration. The sheer fact that a living system readily used...

Costly breeding programs for endangered species pay off

... more than 50 percent per generation. Each time a pair of flies mated, researchers measured the fitness of the pair by counting the number of eggs the female laid, and by measuring the number of eggs that hatched. I...

DNA from feathers tells tale of eagle fidelity

...east socially monogamous. This means a male-female pair stays together throughout the breeding season and ...said. But just because two individuals act like a pair doesn't guarantee they're not having trysts on the sly. In fact, studies over the last decade have s...

Scientists find evidence of catastrophic sand avalanches, sea level changes in Gulf of Mexico

...e. The youngest set of twins was 3, and the oldest pair was 74. All of the participants were asked to complete questionnaires about their health, eating habits, physical activity, history of prescription medication use and tobacco, alcohol and drug consumption. The researchers also drew blood samples fro...

Identical twins may have more differences than meet the eye

...e. The youngest set of twins was 3, and the oldest pair was 74. All of the participants were asked to complete questionnaires about their health, eating habits, physical activity, history of prescription medication use and tobacco, alcohol and drug consumption. The researchers also drew blood samples fro...

Gradient guides nerve growth down spinal cord

...pinal cord. They pass out of the cord between each pair of vertebrae and extend to different parts of the body, for example the hand or foot. Zou and colleagues studied the guidance system used to assemble this complex network in newborn mice, where corticospinal axon growth is still underway. Before bir...

UCR biochemist goes to Washington with high-protein corn

...rn, Gallie explained. Initially the ear produces a pair of flowers for every kernel. But then one of the sister flowers undergoes abortion, resulting in one flower for each kernel. Gallie's research group has developed technology that essentially rescues the aborted flower, resulting in two kernels that a...

Helping in a selfish world

... fish that live in groups with a dominant breeding pair and non-breeding helpers. All individuals (helpers and breeders) co-operate to defend the young and the territory. The researchers combined behavioural observations with genetic analyses of relatedness in these fish groups and found that under specif...

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