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Tag: "pair" at biology news

Structure determined for p53 tumor suppressor protein as bound to DNA for anti-cancer activity

...point of contact between the two core domains of a pair of p53 proteins forming a dimer tracks to a part of the protein often mutated in cancers. This suggests that the interface between the two proteins of the dimer is likely as important for the proper functioning of the tetramer as its interface with D...

Smooth sailing: 'cruise ship virus' tackled by UH, Baylor College of Medicine

...us Diseases awarded a two-year $280,000 grant to a pair of University of Houston professors who are studying what has commonly been dubbed the "Cruise Ship Virus." This RCE is part of a national network of 10 other centers that support research focused on countering threats from bioterror agents and e...

Life and death in the hippocampus: what young neurons need to survive

... Ayumu Tashiro, Ph.D., injected a virus carrying a pair of molecular shears capable of deleting a gene encoding part of the NMDA receptor into the hippocampus, a brain region harboring neural stem cells that give rise to new neurons. Newly born neurons infected with virus were marked by a fluorescent dye ...

New egg freezing technique offers hope to hundreds of women

... healthy babies were born (nine singletons and one pair of twins), while two pregnancies miscarried. The women were aged between 25 and 37. Dr Kuwayama said: "The conventional slow freeze-thawing method has been used successfully for human embryos in assisted reproduction for two decades, but has been fa...

NHGRI announces latest sequencing targets

...npoint the roughly 5 percent of the 3-billion base pair human genome that is most obviously functional. The seven mammals to be sequenced are: the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus); domestic cat (Felis catus); guinea pig (Cavia porcellus); African savannah elephant (Loxodonta afr...

MIT sheds light on how tumor cells form

...efore cells divide, individual chromosomes in each pair of chromosomes must attach to a set of tiny structures called microtubules. If they attach correctly, the checkpoint proteins give them the go-ahead to divide. If they don't, the checkpoint proteins are supposed to stop them from dividing. "The chec...

Research identifies protein in mice that regulates bone formation

...omplex with a protein known as WWP1; together, the pair degrades Runx2, a transcription factor that is the master regulator of osteoblast differentiation, which activates key bone formation genes. By removing Shn3 or WWP1, Runx2 doesnt degrade, which leads to increased bone mass. The authors believe that...

For Stanford scientists, RNAi gene therapy takes two steps forward, one step back

...ad of proving the safety of RNAi gene therapy, the pair found that persistent, high levels of the shRNA made the mice sick, and in some cases the mice even died. The problem, it seems, is that in the process of shutting down the viral genes, therapeutic shRNA molecules also hijack the cell's normal RNAi ...

U of M study examines kidney stone prevention in astronauts

...to simulate low gravity for 30 days. One twin per pair was randomly selected to exercise (while still reclining) in a chamber that put negative pressure, or resistance on their lower body, and the other twin served as a non-exercising control. The pressure in the chamber was roughly equivalent to what a...

Evolution of 'irreducible complexity' explained

...ble to show just how this crucial hormone-receptor pair evolved." ...

Proteins stop blood-vessel and tumor growth in mice

...eport in the March issue of Cancer Research that a pair of promising proteins, known as fibulins 3 and 5, slow the growth of cancer tumors in mice by preventing blood vessels from sprouting. The proteins are promising candidates for use in cancer therapy. "Healthy humans produce fibulin proteins, which ...

'Dead zone' summer killed billions of ocean state mussels

...ct. In fall 2002, one year after the die-off, the pair found that only one of the nine reefs was recovering. Altieri and Witman wondered how the loss of so many mussels, which filter minute algae called phytoplankton from the water, might affect the bay's ecosystem. So Altieri calculated the filtering c...

NHGRI announces new sequencing targets

...npoint the roughly 5 percent of the 3-billion base pair human genome that is most obviously functional. According to computer modeling results, it is expected that comparisons among the 24 genome sequences will allow conserved sequences as small as six base pairs to be identified reliably. Six base pairs ...

Common enzyme is a key player in DNA repair

... its chemical partner, C, to form the correct base pair in the new chromosome. "It was a pretty striking result," Walker said. "Not only did DinB copy over the damaged G nucleotide, it was 10 to 15 times better at copying the damaged G than copying the undamaged G. Up until now, it didn't look like that ...

Chemical guidance of T cells leads to immunologic memory and long-term immunity

...ic fashion with helper T cells, the activated cell pair releases the chemokines CCL3 and CCL4. It is the combination of these two chemokines that the CD8+ T cells receive best as a signal, says Dr. Germain. By interfering with the action of these chemokines, he and his colleagues demonstrated that CD8+ T...

Novel molecular 'signature' marks DNA of embryonic stem cells

...s the genome, the scientists discovered an unusual pair of overlapping molecular tags in the chromatin structure, which together comprise what they called a "bivalent domain," reflecting the dual nature of its design. These domains reside in the sections of chromatin that control the most evolutionarily c...

Diverse tropical forests defy metabolic ecology models

...ng in a gold mine of data Twenty-five years ago a pair of dueling tropical forest ecologists (Robin Foster, now at the Chicago Field Museum and Steve Hubbell at the University of Georgia and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, STRI) decided that the way to understanding was to measure and map ev...

Mice studies illustrate potential of chimp/human antibodies to protect against smallpox

...ed chimpanzees, the study researchers identified a pair of potent antibodies that target and neutralize the B5 protein, one of five key proteins responsible for cell-to-cell spread of infectious vaccinia virus. The researchers then combined the two chimp-derived antibodies with a human antibody to create ...

Detection of DNA on nanotubes offers new sensing, sequencing technologies

... binding of two complementary strands through base pair matching. By wrapping one strand of DNA around the surface of a carbon nanotube, the researchers can create a sensor that is targeted for a particular piece of complementary DNA. When the complementary DNA then binds to the DNA probe, the nanotube's...

Sexual reproduction delays aging in a mammalian species

..., and raising young together. Whereas the breeding pair is sexually active throughout the year, the helpers are sexually quiescent. By comparing the long-term survival of breeders and non-breeders, Dammann and Burda found that the former lived extraordinarily long (up to 20 years) and on average about twi...

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