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Tag: "oxygen" at biology news

Rising ocean temperatures, pollution have oysters in hot water

...common heavy metal are unable to obtain sufficient oxygen and convert it to cellular energy, according to a ...udy found that oysters, as expected, consumed more oxygen as the water temperature rose. Warmer temperatures raise the oyster's metabolic rate, which raises i...

Giant insects might reign if only there was more oxygen in the air

...large if only there was a greater concentration of oxygen in the air, a new study concludes. The study adds ...te Paleozoic period because they had a much richer oxygen supply, said the study's lead author Alexander Kaiser. The study, "No giants today: tracheal oxygen...

Seals protect brain, conserve oxygen by turning off shivering response on icy dives

...archers believe allows the diving seal to conserve oxygen and minimize brain damage that could result from l...g a dive, presumably to better cope with a lack of oxygen (hypoxia). Research into hypothermia and hypoxia is important because they are problems that affect ...

Drug can quickly mobilize an army of cells to repair injury

...helping repair and regrow blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to tissues. "Like AMD3100, G-CSF can bring these beneficial cells from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, but with G-CSF you don't see an increase in angiogenic cells until the fourth day," says senior author Daniel C. Link, M.D., a...

Finding an answer to Darwin's Dilemma

...arwin’s Dilemma" ?may be due to a huge increase of oxygen in the world’s oceans, says Queen’s paleontologist...Dr. Narbonne’s team argues that a huge increase in oxygen following the Gaskiers Glaciation 580 million years ago corresponds with the first appearance of lar...

New sunscreen ingredient to heal sunburn and help prevent skin cancer

...es, for example the red blood cells that transport oxygen around the body need iron to work." Additional hurdles in the research were that many chelators are ineffective protectors of cells, and many of them are patented and so cannot be used freely by all researchers. The researchers had to find chela...

Rescuing injured hearts by enhancing regeneration

..." he says. "Cardiomyocytes need a blood supply and oxygen to survive. FGF1 did not have a great effect on cell proliferation, but we found it was providing a new blood supply. If you just inhibit p38 MAP kinase, you don't get blood vessels." Two important steps are needed to turn these findings into a tr...

Ocean seep mollusks may share evolutionary history with other deep-sea creatures

...ing them from mass extinctions and possible abrupt oxygen changes in the seas, the researchers found. Howeve...ence that mass extinction events or periods of low oxygen dealt significant blows to the seep communities. Seeps may have been good shelters during these even...

Fast test for low blood flow in dogs detects early heart trouble

...od flow that gradually starves the heart of needed oxygen and nutrients. According to Lardo, blood flow in these tiny vessels can be readily detected by high-resolution equipment like 64-CT scanners. The device produces precise, 3-D, diagnostic pictures within five to 10 seconds by quickly passing X...

Molecules in blood foretell development of preeclampsia

... when the placenta isn't able to absorb sufficient oxygen from the mother's blood, it begins secreting both sFlt1 and soluble endoglin into the mother's bloodstream. The sFlt1 binds to VEGF and PlGF and soluble endoglin binds TGF beta, diverting the compounds from the mother's blood vessels. In response, ...

New technique boosts size of proteins that can be analyzed

... oxidized within that section, which means that an oxygen atom (with an atomic weight of 16) was added. "When you isolate a protein from a mixture, your first problem is to know which one it is," said Fred McLafferty, Cornell's Peter J.W. Debye Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and seni...

PET imaging shows young smokers quick benefit of quitting

...duced by a cold pressor test by using PET with the oxygen tracer called 15O-water. Additional research is necessary, said Tamaki. "We would like to compare the current information with data from middle-aged smokers to see whether such response after smoking cessation may be seen in an older generation. Also...

A buffet for early human relatives

...arbon from carbonate in tooth enamel combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide gas, which then is analyzed by the mass spectrometer. Your Teeth are What You Eat If the sample has a relatively high ratio of carbon-13 to carbon-12, it means the early human relative was eating a diet rich in C4 p...

Scientists discover way to block growth of prostate cancer cells

...reases levels of harmful chemicals called reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the prostate gland that play a ro...strated that androgen treatment increased reactive oxygen species levels in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells, but, until now, the pathway involved was...

Math model predicts cancer behavior

...et the environmental conditions: these include the oxygen and nutrient concentrations and the landscape of c...an create ‘what if' scenarios: what if we make the oxygen very high, what if we turn oxygen off in the middle of tumor growth, what if we change the landscape...

Genetically engineered blood protein can be used to split water into oxygen and hydrogen

..., and porphyrin, a molecule which is used to carry oxygen around the body and gives blood its deep red colour. Porphyrin molecules are normally found combined with metals, and in their natural state in the blood they have an iron atom at their centre. The scientists modified the porphyrin molecule to swap t...

Record ozone loss during 2006 over South Pole

...ive radicals that break ozone down into individual oxygen molecules. A single molecule of chlorine has the potential to break down thousands of molecules of ozone. The ozone hole, first recognised in 1985, typically persists until November or December, when the winds surrounding the South Pole (polar vor...

Nobel Laureate finds 'elegant' explanation for DNA transcribing enzyme's high fidelity

...building blocks, molecules that differ by only one oxygen atom. In search of an explanation in the current study, the researchers screened hundreds of crystals to achieve higher data quality and resolution than ever before. “In the course of the work, we saw something that had never been noticed before?...

Why don't all moles progress to melanoma?

...at the ER can sense changes in glucose, nutrients, oxygen levels and other aspects of cellular physiology associated with diseases like diabetes and Alzheimer's disease." "In our study, we found that the ER senses the activity of certain oncogenes in the melanocyte and triggers a response that prevents th...

Unique gene regulation gives chilly bugs survival advantage at bottom of the world

...g temperature changes as well as changes in water, oxygen and pH levels, said David Denlinger, the study's lead author and a professor of entomology at Ohio State University. "They've somehow figured out a way to maintain a level of these heat-shock, or stress, proteins and still make proteins that are vi...

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