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Tag: "oxygen" at biology news

Protein's role in regulating cell death sets direction for cancer research

...ells that have been temporarily cut off from their oxygen supply because of a stroke, or damaged by amyloid deposits, this might seem like a bad thing that could contribute to neurodegenerative disease," says Dr. Greer who produced the study with Yinfei Tan, Nathalie Dourdin, Chao Wu, Teresa De Veyra, and J...

Free radical cell death switch identified

...s over time. Humans and other organisms depend on oxygen to produce the energy required for cells to carry ...ions. A cell's engine, the mitochondria, converts oxygen into energy. But this process also leaves a kind of exhaust product known as free radicals. When f...

New angiogenesis finding may help fight cancer growth

...sia, in which soaring blood pressure and low blood oxygen levels harm or even kill pregnant women and their babies. Philip Lowry, at the University of Reading in the United Kingdom, has found that NK-B levels spike in preeclampsia, and the new understanding of NK-B's role in angiogenesis suggests that fault...

Common carp sheds new light on surviving in extreme environments

...d that the protein myglobin - thought to act as an oxygen store in the heart and muscle cells of humans and ...ntists understand how humans could survive loss of oxygen supply to their tissues during a stroke or a heart attack. Professor Andrew Cossins and his researc...

ABCB6 is key to production of heme in hemoglobin

...espiratory chain" enzymes in mitochondria that use oxygen to produce energy-rich molecules. The discovery of the location and function of ABCB6 solved the long-standing riddle of how porphyrins get into mitchondria so they can be used to make heme, said John Schuetz, PhD, a member of St. Jude Pharmaceuti...

Scientist works to improve treatment for brain tumors

...binski will also explore how cancer cells' lack of oxygen affects the treatment. Hypoxia, a lack of oxygen in tissues that causes cell stress, is a characteristic common to all solid tumors and is known to i...

What animals can tell us about hemorrhage, organ transplants and aging

...xidative stress -- damage caused to cells by rogue oxygen atoms known as reactive oxygen species -- shortens lifespan. Animals that could best prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generati...

Cell death following blood 'reflow' injury tracked to natural toxin

...st tissue and organ damage after a period of blood oxygen loss followed by a sudden restoration of blood oxygen flow. Working with mice, the Hopkins team found that the sudden oxygen bath triggered by restored ...

Steep oxygen decline halted first land colonization by Earth's sea creatures

...piders, and they believe a precipitous drop in the oxygen content of Earth's atmosphere is responsible. "...h and space sciences. He notes that atmospheric oxygen rose sharply at the end of the Silurian period about 415 million years ago, to reach a level of abou...

Researchers reveal mystery of bacterial magnetism

...cteria typically live far below the surface, where oxygen is scarce. (They do not grow well where oxygen is plentiful.) What makes them fascinating is that they naturally grow strings of microscopic magne...

Technology for monitoring fetal oxygen during labor offers no apparent benefit

A new technology for measuring blood oxygen levels of a baby during labor--expected to provide... research network. The technology, known as fetal oxygen saturation monitoring, was designed for use along with electronic fetal monitoring, which tracks the...

Climate change has surprising effect on endangered naked carp

... freshwater river system to lake water, the carps' oxygen consumption falls --eventually reaching just 60 pe... anorexic, relying on protein breakdown and higher oxygen consumption to generate energy. "The MO2 [oxygen consumption] data indicate that the cost of liv...

Walking not enough for significant exercise benefits

...e traditional fitness regimen increased their peak oxygen uptake, an indicator of aerobic fitness, by 10 per cent. Those who took part in the walking program experienced a four per cent increase. Systolic blood pressure also dropped by 10 per cent for the traditional fitness group, compared to four per cent...

Bacteria that use radiated water as food

...Hydrogen gas is highly energetic if it reacts with oxygen or other oxidants like sulfate, as the Hindenburg disaster demonstrated. Firmicutes are able to harvest energy from the reaction of hydrogen and sulfate, allowing other microbes in the fracture community to use the chemical waste from the Firmicutes ...

Uniform tungsten trimers stand and deliver

... cluster mass, determined the ratio of tungsten to oxygen atoms in the cluster, and used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to identify the tungsten oxidation state. "This is a small piece of the basic science that could lead to control of chemical transformations for our energy future," White said, noting ...

Antioxidant protects against lung damage in silicosis

...-1), an antioxidant that protects against reactive oxygen species (damaging oxygen molecules that cause direct tissue injury), become elevated in the lungs of chronic silicosis patien...

Detecting microalgae in coastal waters

...ms', which are very dense populations, lead to low oxygen "dead zones," fish kills, and-depending on the species-human health risks. To protect their communities, coastal managers must monitor and characterize algal populations that change quickly over space and time. In vogue are fluorescence-based optical...

Particle size matters to bacteria ability to immobilize heavy metals

...ria in the Earth, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, uses oxygen as an energy source for respiration. But in the absence of oxygen, Shewanella uses (oxy)hydroxide minerals. These metal particles may also have adsorbed heavy metals on them. As a result, Shewanella influence the mobility and bioavailability of iron ...

Key to acute lung injury lies in Ang2 protein

...eath, high and potentially toxic concentrations of oxygen (hyperoxia), and the resulting excess fluid in the...e a mediator of cell death in the settings of high oxygen concentrations in the lung causing acute lung injury and pulmonary edema." Bhandari said the stud...

SARS: No evidence that any of the treatments worked

...new finding in a mouse model that lack of reactive oxygen species makes arthritis worse rather than, as had ..., better in a mouse model with arthritis. Reactive oxygen species are thought to be important in defense against pathogens. The researcher tested phytol, whic...

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