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Tag: "oxygen" at biology news

Understanding the oceans microbes is key to the Earth's future

...More than two billion years ago, the generation of oxygen by photosynthetic marine microorganisms helped shape the chemical environment in which plants, animals, and all other life forms have evolved. "A great deal of research on the biogeography of marine microorganisms has been carried out, but many un...

Getting old? Slowing down? Blame inefficient mitochondria

... how much electricity it produces for each unit of oxygen and fuel it burns, you can assess the efficiency o...oring the amount of ATP produced for every unit of oxygen used. Researchers from various departments of the University of Washington, Seattle, compared resti...

Bioengineers create stable networks of blood vessels

...nces. For body tissue to survive it must receive oxygen delivered through the finest of blood vessels. Led by Erin Lavik, assistant professor of Biomedical Engineering, this study shows that the fine network of blood vessels can be formed. Further, detailed microscopic studies showed that the vascular net...

Hot-spring bacteria flip a metabolic switch

...rn solar energy and carbon dioxide into sugars and oxygen via photosynthesis. In fact, ancient cyanobacteria produced most of the oxygen that allows animals to survive on Earth. Cyanobacteria such as Synechococcus are often found in the...

Sequencing our seas

...lanet's biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. "Plants and animals are twigs on the tree of life when compared to the diversity of microbes that surround us," said Matthew Kane, director of NSF's microbial observatories and microbial genome sequencing programs, which also supported t...

Ocean 'dead zones' trigger sex changes in fish, posing extinction threat

...ceans, known as "dead zones," that lack sufficient oxygen to sustain most sea life. Fish and other creatures... to maintain sustainable populations, Wu says. Low oxygen levels also might reduce the quantity and quality of the eggs produced by female fish, diminishing t...

Wyoming cloud seeding experiment begins this month

...lanet's biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. "Plants and animals are twigs on the tree of life when compared to the diversity of microbes that surround us," said Matthew Kane, director of NSF's microbial observatories and microbial genome sequencing programs, which also supported t...

Vaccine provides 100 percent protection against avian flu virus in animal study

...lanet's biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. "Plants and animals are twigs on the tree of life when compared to the diversity of microbes that surround us," said Matthew Kane, director of NSF's microbial observatories and microbial genome sequencing programs, which also supported t...

Liquid ventilation

...ted perfluorocarbon to the very last alveola. Here oxygen is released and carbon dioxide taken up in the sam...e removal of CO2 from the perfluorocarbon and adds oxygen to it. Being full of liquid, the problems of pressure associated with conventional assisted respira...

Scientists discover interplay between genes and viruses in tiny ocean plankton

...f the food chain in the oceans, supply some of the oxygen we breathe, and play a role in modulating climate. It's important that we understand what regulates their populations. Genetic diversity seems to be an important factor." In one report, Chisholm and scientist Maureen Coleman suggest that gene-swappi...

MIT: Oceans are a major gene swap-meet for plankton

...f the food chain in the oceans, supply some of the oxygen we breathe, and even play a role in modulating climate. So it's very important that we understand what regulates their populations. And now genetic diversity seems to be an important factor," said Chisholm, who holds appointments in the Department of...

Next good dinosaur news likely to come from small packages

...d that a protein in bone in an environment void of oxygen (say, if it's been resting in a swamp) can last for 200 hours at temperatures of 100 degrees Celsius. "If we have a protein sequence from bone, we can tell if the material is an original part of the organism that will provide interesting informatio...

Lactic acid not athlete's poison, but an energy source - if you know how to use it

...ate as a byproduct, but then burn the lactate with oxygen to create far more energy. The first process, call...hway, often called anaerobic metabolism because no oxygen is needed. This pathway was thought to be separate from the oxygen-based oxidative pathway, sometime...

Botox could help target resistant tumors for treatment

...essels that feed tumors, thereby depriving them of oxygen and nutrients. "In contrast, pro-vascular approa...ancer therapies. In tests on oxygenation, cellular oxygen pressure was shown to significantly increase after treatment by Botox in both types of tumors. In t...

Basic research leads to a novel cancer therapy

...led by Ullrich discovered that by interrupting the oxygen and nutrient supply to tumour cells, it is possible to inhibit cancer development. The Max Planck scientists showed that tumour tissue just a few cubic millimetres in size can create vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which triggers blood ves...

USC, Rice to develop bacteria-powered fuel cells

...densis, one such bacterium, uses metals instead of oxygen to fully metabolize its food. "Since this organism is capable of passing electrons directly to solid metal oxides, it is not particularly surprising that it can do the same to the anode of the fuel cell, and since we are already in the business of u...

UCLA scientists uncover mechanism of response to targeted therapy

...he blood supply to the tumor, stopping the flow of oxygen and nutrients that the tumor needs to survive. Standard of care for kidney cancer is almost always removal of part or the entire kidney, so that tissue could be tested for the molecular signature that indicates response to CCI-779. Doctors could the...

Retinol for combating leukemia cells

... a lack or deficit within the cell such as lack of oxygen or food. On the other hand, apoptosis is the pre-programmed death of a cell. A number of cells have to die in order that our organism function correctly: for example, when the feet of a foetus are developed in the womb of a mother, at first the fin...

'Dead zone' summer killed billions of ocean state mussels

...ng the summer of 2001. The culprit was hypoxia, or oxygen depletion, which literally suffocates sea life. While some evidence of this "dead zone" could be seen on the bay's surface, Brown University ecologists went underwater and discovered a massive mussel die-off. In a survey of nine mussel reefs located...

Blood flow in brain takes a twist, affecting views of Alzheimer's

...oment-to-moment allocation of vital resources like oxygen that goes on within our bodies. It's a supply problem familiar to anyone who worried over the availability of gasoline immediately after hurricane Katrina. In our bodies the process is particularly crucial in the brain, which is the body's most vorac...

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